Women's Health Study Questions

Which of the following participants shape the direction of health care In the United States? (Chapter 2 - The Economics of Women's Heath)

All of the above: Physicians, Patients, Hospitals, Insurers.

which of the following statements concerning osteoporosis is false?

Amenorrhea (lake of menstruations) or diseases that may lead to amenorrhea, such as anorexia, may have protective effect against osteoporosis

What is the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination (CEDAW)? Refer to page 13 (Chapter 1 - Introduction to Women's Health)

An international bill of rights for women; binds 165 UN member states to take steps to promote women's equality and to report on the steps taken

What is the Violence Against Women Act? (Chapter 1 - Introduction to Women's Health)

An unified judicial response to sexual crimes committed against women (1994); It made certain violent crimes committed against women illegal across the country.

Which of the following actions is an example of secondary prevention? (Chapter 3 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)

Being screened for HIV/AIDS.

What agencies fall under the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services? (Chapter 3 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)

CDC, FDA, HRSA, NIH, etc

What are characteristics of heart disease? (Chapter 10 - Understanding and Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer)

Chest pain, chest tightness, chest pressure and chest discomfort (angina) Shortness of breath Pain, numbness, weakness or coldness in your legs or arms if the blood vessels in those parts of your body are narrowed Pain in the neck, jaw, throat, upper abdomen or back Chest pain or discomfort Shortness of breath Lightheadedness Dizziness Fainting (syncope) or near fainting

When does Congenital heart disease occur? (Chapter 10 - Understanding and Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer)

Congenital heart disease is an abnormality of the heart that is present at birth. It can include one or more of the following: -Hole in the septum - Imperfectly formed blood vessels - Valvular damage - Left ventricular imperfections Common in premature babies.

What are autoimmune diseases? (Chapter 11 - Other Chronic Diseases and Conditions)

Diseases in which the immune system targets and destroys its own host cells

During the U.S. Civil War, who led a national effort to organize a nursing corps to care for the war's wounded and sick?

Dorothea Dix

True or False: The most effective way to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases in populations is to ignore gender (Chapter 1 - Introduction to Women's Health)

False

True or False: overall, more men than women die of cardiovascular diseases (Chapter 10 - Understanding and Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer)

False

True or false: Rates of depression fall sharply for women over the age of 65. (Chapter 3 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)

False

True or False? Depression is a chronic disease that occurs almost exclusively during or after menopause. (Chapter 3 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)

False.

What type of healthcare system is in the United States? What is the consumer responsible for in this heath system? (Chapter 2 - The Economics of Women's Heath)

In the United States, the health care system is based on a "third-party payer" approach, in which most individuals do not pay directly for the delivery of care. Instead, many have health insurance, which, in return for a monthly or yearly payment called a premium plus an encounter fee called a copayment, provides coverage for health-related goods and services. Health insurance in the United States is provided through private insurers to individuals, employer-sponsored private insurance, or via public insurance programs like Medicare and Medicaid. term-17

How did the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) increase access to health insurance? (Chapter 2 - The Economics of Women's Heath)

It lowered the cost of insurance for some individuals/businesses; kept people with preexisting conditions from being excluded from purchasing insurance; increased access of health insurance through medicaid (lowered costs, reduced uninsured, increased access through medicaid)

Which organization conducts most federally funded medical research?

NIH

Has the women's health movement always embraced and advocated women of all races and economic backgrounds? (Chapter 1 - Introduction to Women's Health)

No, not until the 1960s-70s

Know the difference between the political dimensions and global perspectives of women's health. (Chapter 1 - Introduction to Women's Health)

Political Dimensions: Government plays an important role in protecting and promoting women's health and is involved in six main areas that relate to women's health: - Policymaking - Financing - Protecting the health of the public - Collecting and disseminating information about health and health care delivery systems - Capacity building for population health - Managing of health services Global Perspectives: Around the world, women continue to be less likely than men to receive adequate health care, to have opportunities for economic advancement, and to have political representation

What is primary, secondary and tertiary prevention? What are examples of each?****

Primary: Involves reducing exposure to a risk factor that may lead to disease or injury. Primary preventive measures include healthful diet, regular physical activity, cessation of smoking, and safe sexual practices. - Largely the responsibility of the individual. Secondary: Refers to early detection and prompt treatment of disease. Secondary prevention includes screening tools such as mammography and cervical cancer screening tests that detect disease before it spreads, thereby preventing further complications or disease progression. Secondary prevention also includes the use of medications and lifestyle behaviors to control chronic diseases that cannot be prevented. - Secondary prevention requires both the guidance of the health care provider and the compliance of the individual. Tertiary: Takes place once a disease has advanced, involves alleviating pain, providing comfort, halting progression of an illness, and limiting disability that may result from disease. It consists of rehabilitation in situations where a person can work on restoring certain functions, such as those lost after suffering a stroke. -Tertiary prevention remains a goal of both health care providers and caregivers.

Who is the founder of the "me too" movement? (Chapter 1 - Introduction to Women's Health)

Tarana Burke

What is the responsibility of U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention? (Chapter 3 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)

The CDC conducts disease surveillance and prevention and keeps track of national health statistics?

What is the State Children's Health Insurance Programs (SCHIP)? Who is covered under this plan? (Chapter 2 - The Economics of Women's Heath)

The State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) is designed to provide insurance coverage for children whose families earn too much to qualify for Medicaid, but who cannot afford private coverage. The SCHIP provides health insurance coverage to low income children.

What is the federal government's role in funding biomedical research? (Chapter 1 - Introduction to Women's Health)

The government distributes money to private/public institutions to conduct medical and health research ;(NIH (National Institutes of Health) =main source for funding)

How is healthcare in countries Canada, countries in Western Europe, and the United Kingdom? (Chapter 2 - The Economics of Women's Heath)

The government provides health insurance to all citizens through a system of universal health insurance. Universal health care systems attempt to make sure that all citizens have access to basic levels of medical care. Individuals are often allowed to purchase supplementary insurance to pay for items not covered under their national health systems. Proponents of universal health insurance systems argue that health care is a right, not a privilege, and should, therefore, be available to all citizens. (Universal Healthcare Coverage; Argues Health care is right NOT a privilege) America has the third-party payer system.

What are some of the main arguments for and against a universal health system? Chapter 2 - The Economics of Women's Heath

The main argument for universal health system is that healthcare is a right and not a privilege therefore, every citizen is entitled to revive healthcare. Meanwhile, the argument against universal health system is the overly cost approach and many prefer to have a private sector to manage and fund health care through a free market approach.

What is a benefit cap? (Chapter 2 - The Economics of Women's Heath)

The maximum amount the health insurance provider will pay for a patient's healthcare costs

What is osteoarthritis? What causes osteoarthritis? (Chapter 11 - Other Chronic Diseases and Conditions)

The most common form of arthritis that affects knee, hips, spine, hands. Erosion of the cartilage between bones

Know the difference between epidemiology, prevalence, and incidence. 3) Incidence (Chapter 3 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)

The number of new cases of a condition developed over a particular time.

What is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act? (Chapter 1 - Introduction to Women's Health)

The patient protection and affordable care act (PPACA) was an act proposed by the Obama administration signed into law 3/11/2010 in order to expand healthcare coverage and access to all Americans while improve quality and reducing costs. The law's main goal was to expand coverage to uninsured Americans, provide coverage to previously uninsurable individuals like those with preexisting conditions, and make insurance more affordable for small businesses and individuals. It has extended health insurance to millions of women, men, and children.

Know the difference between epidemiology, prevalence, and incidence. 1) Epidemiology (Chapter 3 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)

The study of patterns of health and disease in populations.

Know the difference between epidemiology, prevalence, and incidence. 2) Prevalence (Chapter 3 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)

The total number of people affected by a given condition at a point in time or during a period of time.

How is stroke ranked as a leading cause of death among women? (Chapter 10 - Understanding and Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer)

Third leading cause.

What is the main objective of the Family and Medical Leave Act (1993)? (Chapter 1 - Introduction to Women's Health)

To provide reasonable unpaid leave for employees with certain family and medical reasons; caring for a newborn, adopted child, or sick relative.

What are the largest behavior-related causes of death in the United States? (Chapter 3 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)

Tobacco use, poor diet, and inactivity

True of False: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among women (Chapter 10 - Understanding and Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer)

True

True or False: Arthritis cannot be diagnosed with a single medical test

True

True or False: Revisions to FDA policies in 1993 required drug studies to include women of childbearing age

True

True or False: Susan Wood was the top official in charge of women's health at the FDA

True

True or False: The heart is composed of four chambers: right atrium and ventricle and the left atrium and ventricle (Chapter 10 - Understanding and Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer)

True

true or false; in the United States, eating disorders and panic disorders are more common in women than in men

True

True or false: A woman's behavior can often determine whether she gets a chronic disease as well as the chronic disease's course of infection. (Chapter 3 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)

True.

What is fibromyalgia? (Chapter 11 - Other Chronic Diseases and Conditions)

Widespread muscle pain and tenderness

Why do autoimmune diseases disproportionately affect women? (Chapter 11 - Other Chronic Diseases and Conditions)

Women are less susceptible to infectious diseases than men, but are more often prone to autoimmune diseases. This higher prevalence is partly attributable to the X chromosome, which has many genes relating to the immune system. It is advantageous for women to have two X chromosomes, but the price is a greater tendency to develop autoimmunity.

which of the following mental illnesses is more common among women than among men?

anorexia, seasonal affective disorder, depression

What is another term for stroke? (Chapter 10 - Understanding and Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer)

cerebrovascular accident

What is the leading cause of death among women world wide?

coronary heart disease

What chronic disease affect both men and women equally? (Chapter 11 - Other Chronic Diseases and Conditions)

diabetes

In a third-party healthcare system, the consumer.... (Chapter 2 - The Economics of Women's Heath)

does not pay directly for health care

which of the following statements is true? (Chapter 11 - Other Chronic Diseases and Conditions)

genetics and lifestyle factors play the biggest role in how chronic diseases appear and develop

In most industrialized countries, the majority of people

get health insurance through a centralized government source

Compared to men, women are more likely to Chapter 2 - The Economics of Women's Heath

have longer life spans and are more likely to care for sick or aging relatives

Which of the following is true about the feminist movement?

it continues to evolve while pursing the idea that women should have the same rights and opportunities as men

What did the NIH Revitalization Act do for women's health?

it required that women and minorities be included as subjects in all human research funded by NIH

fall-related injuries are of special concern to elderly women suffering from

osteoporosis

What are signs of a stroke? (Chapter 10 - Understanding and Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer)

pain or discomfort in chest; pain or aching in other parts of upper body; chest pain; rapid irregular heart beat; shortness of breath; dizziness; cold sweat; sudden weakness; trouble speaking or seeing

Which of the following actions is an example of primary prevention? (Chapter 3 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)

quitting smoking to prevent lung disease, eating a nutritious diet

which of the following can reduce the risk of osteoporosis?

quitting smoking, performing weight-bearing exercises, getting enough calcium and vitamin D in the diet

What are the major components of blood? (Chapter 10 - Understanding and Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer)

red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, platelets

What are the major risk factors for heart disease? (Chapter 10 - Understanding and Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer)

smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol level, oversight and obesity

Which of the following statements is true?

social context influences how societies classify mental illness

why/when do autoimmune diseases start to affect women? (Chapter 11 - Other Chronic Diseases and Conditions)

they manifest themselves in young women around childbearing age

During World War II, many women entered the US workforce. What happened to most of the women at the end of the war when men returned from the front?

they usually had to leave their jobs and return to the home as men returned to the work place

Which of the following actions is an example of tertiary prevention? (Chapter 3 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)

treating a terminally ill patient with painkillers

True or False" Cardiovascular disease comprises a group of diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels. this includes stroke

true

True or False: getting enough sleep and eating a healthy diet are important for both mental and physical health

true

true or false: cardiovascular disease and cancer are the greatest causes of death in the United States?

true

true or false: many women with fibromyalgia have difficulty getting their healthcare providers to acknowledge the condition (Chapter 11 - Other Chronic Diseases and Conditions)

true

true or false: racial differences in how chronic diseases affect women may be due to both genetics and socioeconomic trends (Chapter 11 - Other Chronic Diseases and Conditions)

true

True or False: half of all women over 50 years of age will have an osteoporosis-related fracture at some point in their lives (Chapter 11 - Other Chronic Diseases and Conditions)

true (50%)

true or false: the intrauterine environment is critical to a child's development (Chapter 10 - Understanding and Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer)

true; causes congenital heart disease to occur

Feminism is the idea that

women should have the same rights, opportunities, and privileges that men do.

About how much of the current gross domestic product (GDP) is spent on health care? (Chapter 2 - The Economics of Women's Heath)

(Exact) 17.7 % ; (Rounded) 18 %

what year did the FDA approve the birth control pill?

1960

When was Medicaid and Medicare enacted? (Chapter 2 - The Economics of Women's Heath)

1965

What amendment to the U.S. constitution gave women the right to vote? (Chapter 1 - Introduction to Women's Health)

19th amendement ; in 1920

How many women are in the U.S. Senate? (Chapter 1 - Introduction to Women's Health)

25

What percentage of people over the age of 65 have arthritis? (Chapter 11 - Other Chronic Diseases and Conditions)

25%

What is cardiovascular disease? (Chapter 10 - Understanding and Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer)

A chronic disease that affects the heart and blood vessels

What are some health preventative measures that women should take across their life span? (Chapter 3 - Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)

----

What is the health difference between men and women? Chapter 2 - The Economics of Women's Heath

----

What is osteoporosis? what is the main characteristic of osteoporosis? (Chapter 11 - Other Chronic Diseases and Conditions)

-Osteoporosis is a bone disease that occurs when the body loses too much bone, makes too little bone, or both. As a result, bones become weak and may break from a fall or, in serious cases, from sneezing or minor bumps -decrease in bone mass

Which of the following are covered with no co-pay under PPACA? A.K. A · What health services are covered under PPACA? (Chapter 2 - The Economics of Women's Heath)

-Well-women visits -Gestational diabetes screening - Human papilloma virus (HPV) testing