World Civ 2 Chapter 20

Why did the development of more effective nuclear weapons ultimately make direct confrontation between the United States and the U.S.S.R. less likely?

Because a conflict involving nuclear weapons had acquired the potential to destroy the world

Why did communism lose its appeal in post-World War II western Europe?

Because strong economic growth led to increased standards of living and expanded access to services like education and health care

How did Pacific Rim nations such as South Korea and Taiwan escape the Third World cycle of poverty and dependence?

By using regulation to promote new industries and requiring multinationals to cooperate with local firms

During World War II, the Axis Powers consisted of:

Germany, Japan, and Italy.

An example of a Third World nationalist who embraced Marxism as his guiding philosophy was:

Ho Chi Minh.

All of the following characterize India's experiences after its independence except:

Indian independence occurred without violence or bloodshed.

What impact did World War II have on Social Darwinist justifications for colonialism?

It disproved European claims that they possessed a superior civilization.

At the end of World War II, atomic bombs were used to attack _______.

Japan

The Holocaust is the term given to Germany's murder of 6 million ______ during World War II.

Jews

Which of the following groups of Americans had not begun to fight for civil rights and social justice by the end of the 1960s?

Muslims

The cartel that shifted the terms of trade in favor of oil-producing nations during the 1970s was:

OPEC.

The newly formed United Nations ordered that this British colony should be partitioned into two separate national states in 1947.

Palestine

Which of the following was not the site of a Cold War confrontation between 1945 and 1975?

South Africa

Which countries' leaders worked together to determine the direction of the world after World War II?

The United States, the Soviet Union, and Great Britain

What was the goal of the Marshall Plan?

To limit the appeal of communism in western Europe by providing grants for reconstruction to democratic governments

Many leaders of African anticolonial movements were:

Western-educated, charismatic individuals.

Under what circumstances did the Cold War become a "hot" war?

When the United States and the Soviet Union armed their Third World allies and encouraged their conflicts

In post-World War II western Europe, the "woman question" concerned what new problem?

Women were making gains in the workplace, but without a proportional decrease in domestic responsibility.

Which of the following is not a reason why World War II can be described as a worldwide, total conflict?

World War II led to a reassessment of all the major prewar forms of government.

All of the following were ways in which the United States responded to radicalism in Latin America except:

accepting the right of Latin American peoples to choose their own form of governance.

During the 1950s and 1960s, Third World leaders believed all of the following except:

alliance with the Western powers provided the greatest opportunity for political recognition.

The onset of the Cold War transformed Japan's position from World War II loser to:

an important ally of the United States in the fight against communism.

Apartheid-era South Africa was able to gain international recognition and support by reminding the world that it was _______.

anticommunist

How did Japan justify its conquest of neighboring territory during World War II?

by claiming that it was driving out European imperialists and establishing "Asia for the Asians"

American actions in Vietnam during the 1960s and 1970s were an example of its _______ policy.

containment

Which of the following characteristics was not shared by the Germans and Japanese during World War II?

encouraging veneration of the emperor in order to mobilize support for the war

The Soviet Union responded to the creation of NATO by:

establishing the Warsaw Pact.

At the end of World War II, communism appealed to many Europeans because

it seemed to be an effective way to build powerful, egalitarian modern states.

During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union expected that Third World countries would:

join one or the other of the two opposing Cold War camps.

In comparison with life in First World countries, life for ordinary people in Second World countries provided:

lower standards of living, but higher levels of economic security.

During the 1950s, American anxiety about communism was expressed through all of the following except:

making American society more egalitarian so that communism would be less appealing.

Which of the following was not a pattern that emerged during the post-World War II wave of decolonizations?

negotiated transfer of control from one colonial ruler to another

During the Chinese civil war, which group became the base of support for Mao Zedong and the Communists?

peasants

At independence, British India was partitioned into two parts based on differences of _______.

religion

The pattern of government developed in independent India combined which elements from the First World and Second World?

state-planned development projects and democratic institutions

The failed CIA attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro in Cuba is known as:

the Bay of Pigs invasion.

During the 1960s, Chinese leader Mao Zedong sought to reinvigorate the country's communist revolution through:

the Cultural Revolution.

The vast majority of total German casualties during World War II were suffered during fighting against _______.

the Soviet Union

Egypt emerged as a potent symbol of pan-Arab nationalism after which event?

the Suez Canal crisis

The idea of negritude can best be described as:

the belief that people of African descent were more humane and had stronger communal feelings than Europeans.

All of the following were reasons for Jewish migration to Palestine during the first half of the twentieth century except:

the wish to create a new European colony in the Middle East.

The United States and the Soviet Union emerged as superpowers after World War II because of all of the following except

their control of large overseas empires.

The United States and the Soviet Union emerged as superpowers after World War II because of all of the following except:

their control of large overseas empires.

The approach of Chinese communism toward women was:

to enact laws freeing women from oppressive laws and customs as part of their government.