WS/BIOL Final Study Guide

A.28; 14th B.21; 7th C.35; 21st

If a menstrual cycle is ______ days long, ovulation will take place on the ______ day of the cycle. A.28; 14th B.21; 7th C.35; 21st D.24; 17th

B. Hormonal contraceptives

If you or someone you know suffers from bad PMS (pre-menstrual symptoms), which of the following options might help ease the PMS? A. Spermicides B. Hormonal contraceptives C. Diaphragm D. Condom

B. Between the anus and the vaginal opening.

In someone with XX anatomy, where is the perineum located? A. Between the myometrium and endometrium. B. Between the anus and the vaginal opening. C. Between the urethra and the vagina.

B. Prostate cancer

In the US, what type of cancer is most common among men? A. Lung cancer B. Prostate cancer C. Testicular D. Breast cancer

C. Breast cancer

In the US, what type of cancer is most common among women? A. Cervical cancer B. Lung cancer C. Breast cancer

A. STD prevention B. Abstinence education C. Teen pregnancy prevention

In the context of the U.S., what factors are the main drives behind public sex education? A. STD prevention B. Abstinence education C. Teen pregnancy prevention D. Healthy sexual relationships E. Sexual identity

False

Just like the testes, the ovaries keep producing new eggs that are being released each month. It takes 28 days for a new egg to develop. True False

D. ovaries

Most people with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) will grow cysts that are formed on the: A. uterus B. fallopian tubes C. cervix D. ovaries

A. Consent, Equality, Respect, Trust, Safety

The CERTS model describes five components important to healthy sexual relationships, what are they? A. Consent, Equality, Respect, Trust, Safety B. Commitment, Equity, Refuse, Thoughtfulness, Sex C. Collaboration, Empowering, Rightfulness, Teamwork, Support

A. fimbriae

The _____ are the hand-like structures at the end of the fallopian tubes. A. fimbriae B. perineum C. cervix

A. Hyde Amendment

The __________ , is a legislative provision excluding the use of certain federal funds to pay for abortions. A. Hyde Amendment B. Roe v. Wade C. Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (Webster Decision)

C. Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (Webster Decision)

The ____________ , was a U.S. Supreme Court decision in 1989 upholding a Missouri law that imposed restrictions on the use of state funds, facilities, and employees in performing, assisting with, or counseling on abortions. A. Hyde Amendment B. Roe v. Wade C. Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (Webster Decision)

A. Enzymes

The substance called, ______ is produced by a living organism that acts as catalysts to bring about a specific biochemical reaction. A. Enzymes B. Neurotransmitters C. Endocrines D. Hormones

B. DepoProvera D. Implanon

Which of the following contraception does only contain progesterone? A. Combination pill B. DepoProvera C. NuvaRing D. Implanon

D. Aromatase

Which of the following enzymes is needed to convert testosterone to estrogen? A. Sucrase B. 5α-reductase C. Ribonuclease D. Aromatase

True

he hymen is often attributed important cultural significance to indicate virginity. The notion that an intact hymen is proof of virginity is rooted in inaccurate and patriarchal beliefs about controlling sexuality. Most hymens do not cover the vaginal opening. A hymen that covers the vaginal opening is called an imperforate hymen and is a congenital disorder where a hymen without an opening completely obstructs the vagina. Let's debunk the myth of virginity and ask some critical questions about the hymen... Most often, menstruation begins sometime around the age of 10-15 and menstrual blood needs to leave the vagina out through the vaginal opening. The average age of a U.S. bride is somewhere between 25-30. If an intact hymen was to be broken at the time of penile/vaginal penetration during the wedding night, then how would virgins menstruate?! Most hymens do not cover the vaginal opening, which allows for menstruation to leave the body. An imperforate hymen is not very common and is most often diagnosed during adolescence when menstrual blood accumulates in the vagina and sometimes also in the uterus. In October 2018, the UN Human Rights, UN Women, and the World Health Organization (WHO) stated that virginity testing must end as it is a painful, humiliating and traumatic practice, constituting violence against women. TrueFalse

True

Abortions in the third trimester are very rare and is not legal in most states. Abortions after fetal viability are very restricted, and states that do allow them, only do so under specific circumstances. As a result, there are only a few doctors in the U.S. that perform abortions in the third trimester. TrueFalse

True

After ovulation, under the influence of LH, a new gland is formed from the follicle cells left behind in the ovary. This gland is called thecorpus luteum. The corpus luteum, which means "yellow body" body in Latin (it actually is yellow!) secretes progesterone and some estrogen, helping the endometrium to prepare for a potential pregnancy. TrueFalse

A. AAS negatively affects LH

Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetically produced variants of the naturally occurring hormone testosterone. Taking AAS will elevate testosterone levels yet decrease sperm production, why is this? A. AAS negatively affects LH B. AAS negatively affects bodily testosterone levels C. AAS positively affects the Sertoli cells

A. are responsible for the development of pubic and axillary hair. B. affects the vocal cords causing the voice to deepen. C. are involved in the growth of the penis at puberty. D. are necessary for sperm production.

Androgens... A. are responsible for the development of pubic and axillary hair. B. affects the vocal cords causing the voice to deepen. C. are involved in the growth of the penis at puberty. D. are necessary for sperm production.

A. 1-12 weeks

During what weeks of pregnancy are the vast amount of abortions performed in the U.S.? A. 1-12 weeks B. 14-20 weeks C. >21 weeks

B. Acts as negative feedback on the HPGA hormones GnRH, FSH, and LH so that no ovulation will occur. C. Makes the endometrium less blood-rich and therefore inhospitable to implantation. D. Thickens the cervical mucus to act as a plug the cervix, which makes it challenging for sperm to enter.

Hormonal birth control pills, like the combination pill and the mini pill, works by three main ways, what are they? A. Makes the endometrium produce a blood-rich lining in case of possible implantation. B. Acts as negative feedback on the HPGA hormones GnRH, FSH, and LH so that no ovulation will occur. C. Makes the endometrium less blood-rich and therefore inhospitable to implantation. D. Thickens the cervical mucus to act as a plug the cervix, which makes it challenging for sperm to enter.

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Hot Spot Items Item 1 Sexual orientation Item 2 Gender role Item 3 Gender identity 2 3 1

Pic in Docs

Hot Spot Items Item 1 The day ovulation occurs Item 2 Uterine cycle Item 3 Secretory Phase Item 4 Luteal Phase Item 5 Follicular Phase Item 6 Proliferative Phase Item 7 Ovarian Cycle

D. 74 days

How long does it take to produce a human sperm? A. 24 hours B. 74 hours C. 7 days D. 74 days

A. Since prehistoric times.

How long has cancer been around? A. Since prehistoric times. B. Since the twentieth century. C. Since the Victorian Era.

C. Three weeks

How long is the NuvaRing left in place? A. One week B. Two weeks C. Three weeks D. Four weeks

D. All of the above

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with which of the following cancers? A. Cervical cancer B. Penile cancer C. Anal cancer D. All of the above

Fill in Blanks

Once the egg has been ovulated, the remaining follicle cell develops into the corpus luteum . This yellow body produces large amounts of the hormone progesterone , which causes the endometrium to become secretory in preparation for implantation should the ovum be fertilized. If the ovum is not fertilized, the body degenerates resulting in a drop of both estrogen and progesterone levels. The endometrium then sloughs off in the menstrual flow . The drop in estrogen and progesterone removes the negative feedback inhibitionand GnRH is once again released by the hypothalamus and the cycle begins anew. Keywords: degenerates; negative feedback inhibition; secretory; menstrual flow; implantation; corpus luteum; progesterone

True

One ejaculate can contain between 40 million and 1.2 billion sperm. True False

Fill in Blank

Part of the menstrual cycle is also the ovarian and uterine cycles. Prior to ovulation, the first phase of the ovarian cycle is called follicularphase and refers to the egg when it is still in the ovary. In the uterus prior to ovulation, the first phase of the uterine cycle is called the proliferative phase and refers to the buildup of blood in the endometrial lining. Once ovulation takes place about 14 days before the onset of menstruation, the second phase of the ovarian cycle called luteal phase begins. This phase corresponds to the corpus luteum that is forming in the ovary after ovulation. The corpus luteum produces high levels of the hormone progesterone . In the uterus, after ovulation, the second phase of the uterine cycle begins, which is called the secretory phase. In this second phase, progesterone from the corpus luteum acts on the endometrial lining to become secretory in preparation for possible implantation of a fertilized egg. If no implantation takes place, the endometrial lining sloughs off in menstruation and the cycle begins anew. Keywords: corpus luteum; menstruation; secretory; luteal; progesterone; follicular; proliferative;

A. To prevent masturbation.

Penile circumcision became a routine medical practice in the US during the Victorian Era in the mid-19th-20th century. What was the main drive behind this new medical practice? A. To prevent masturbation. B. To prevent the transmission of chlamydia and gonorrhea. C. To prevent urinary tract infections.

False

Penile circumcision is often done for cultural reasons, whereas circumcision of the vulva is strictly performed for religious purposes. TrueFalse

A. are species-specific. B. causes synchronization of menstrual cycles. D. are airborne chemicals.

Pheromones... A. are species-specific. B. causes synchronization of menstrual cycles. C. causes infatuation. D. are airborne chemicals.

A: Vasectomy B:. Tubal ligation

Please match the following terms with the correct definition. A. A surgical procedure where the vas deferens from each testicle is clamped, cut, or otherwise sealed. This prevents sperm from mixing with the rest of the semen that is ejaculated from the penis, thus resulting in sterilization. B. A surgical procedure in which both fallopian tubes are blocked, tied, and/or cut. Though the ovaries will continue to produce and release mature eggs, tubal ligation will prevent egg and sperm from getting together, thus resulting in sterilization.

A.Peyronie's disease:Fibrous tissue develops in the V-groove between the corpora cavernosa. B.Priapism: A painful, persistent, non-erotic erection that is not relieved by ejaculation. C.Paraphimosis: The inability to pull the foreskin back over the penile glans. D.Phimosis: The inability to retract the foreskin; the foreskin is too tight to be retracted.

Please match the following terms with their correct definition: A.Peyronie's disease B.Priapism C.Paraphimosis D.Phimosis select A B C D1. Fibrous tissue develops in the V-groove between the corpora cavernosa. select A B C D2. The inability to retract the foreskin; the foreskin is too tight to be retracted. select A B C D3. The inability to pull the foreskin back over the penile glans. select A B C D4. A painful, persistent, non-erotic erection that is not relieved by ejaculation.

A.Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): A serious infection that develops in the pelvic region when certain STDs are not treated. B.Obstetric fistula: A hole between the vagina and rectum or bladder that is caused by prolonged obstructed labor. C.Endometriosis: An often painful disorder in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus. D.Dysmenorrhea: Painful menstruation due to cramping in the pelvis and lower abdomen.

Please match the following terms with their correct definitions: A. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) B. Obstetric fistula C. Endometriosis D. Dysmenorrhea

A. the adrenal gland.

Puberty is triggered by the development of: A. the adrenal gland. B. menarche. C. sperm production.

A. and no to unwanted sexual behavior. B. young people feeling empowered to say yes to wanted sexual behavior. C. a confident and positive exploration of sexuality. D. an increase in teen's accessing and using contraception. E. teens initiating sexual behavior at a later age.

Recent research about sexuality education in schools and in the home, suggests that when teachers and parents have sound conversations about sex and sexuality this contributes to... A. and no to unwanted sexual behavior. B. young people feeling empowered to say yes to wanted sexual behavior. C. a confident and positive exploration of sexuality. D. an increase in teen's accessing and using contraception. E. teens initiating sexual behavior at a later age.

A. Increase acceptance and access to contraception. C. Comprehensive pregnancy prevention education. D. The use of contraception needs to be a formal/informal value.

Reducing the number of unwanted pregnancies will also reduce the number of abortions. According to your course reader some ways to achieve this include: A. Increase acceptance and access to contraception. B. Solely teach abstinence education. C. Comprehensive pregnancy prevention education. D. The use of contraception needs to be a formal/informal value.

A. The biological female

STDs like chlamydia or gonorrhea can cause something called pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). PID is possible when the reproductive system opens into the abdominal cavity. Which system, the biological male or the biological female opens into the abdominal cavity? A. The biological female B. The biological male C. Both systems open into the abdominal cavity

A. Sarah

Sarah has been in a relationship with her boyfriend Matt for about three months. A few weeks ago, they decided to skip using condoms since Sarah is now on the pill (hormonal contraception). Nor Sarah neither Matt knows that Matt is infected with chlamydia. This last week they had penile/vaginal intercourse five times without a condom. Sarah's friend Michelle is newly single, and over the last two months, she has had penile/vaginal sex with five different guys without using a condom. One of the guys Michelle had unprotected penile/vaginal intercourse with had an unknown infection with chlamydia. Who do you think is more likely to contract chlamydia, Sarah or Michelle? A. Sarah B. Michelle

A. Cowper's gland B. Prostate gland C. Seminal vesicles

Semen is made up of fluids from which of the following structures? A. Cowper's gland B. Prostate gland C. Seminal vesicles D. Epididymis E. All of the above

Gender role, gender identity, sexual orientation

Sexual identity is comprised of three components, gender identity, gender role, and sexual orientation. The term gender role refers to a set of social and behavioral norms that dictate how we should think, speak, dress, and interact within the context of society. In contrast, gender identity refers to a person's individual and internal sense and subjective experience of their own gender irrespective of sex assigned at birth. Lastly, sexual orientation is a term used when referring to an individual's physical and/or emotional attraction to the same and/or opposite gender.

A. performing regular self-exams to check for possible testicular and/or breast cancer. B. knowing your body, recognizing what it looks and feels like when it is healthy. C. being committed to STD testing and gynecological exams when needed.

Some of the recommendations for improving sexual health include... A. performing regular self-exams to check for possible testicular and/or breast cancer. B. knowing your body, recognizing what it looks and feels like when it is healthy. C. being committed to STD testing and gynecological exams when needed.

True

Sperm that has been ejaculated into a body can live inside that body for up to 5 days. True False

A. Do they have all the information needed to make an informed decision? B. Is the method they chose in agreement with their values? C. Does their personality fit with using the method chosen? D. Can they obtain the device they decide to use?

Ted and Alexis are considering becoming sexually active. They are about to have a conversation about contraception. What are some things to consider about what kind of contraception they should choose? A. Do they have all the information needed to make an informed decision? B. Is the method they chose in agreement with their values? C. Does their personality fit with using the method chosen? D. Can they obtain the device they decide to use?

A. Younger men between the ages of 15-34.

Testicular cancer is most common in what age group? A. Younger men between the ages of 15-34. B. Middle-aged men between the ages of 45-65. C. Older men in the ages of 65+.

B. Roe v. Wade

The ______________, was a landmark controversial decision by the U.S. Supreme Court on the issue of abortion. The court decided that a right to privacy under the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution extends to a woman's decision to have an abortion, but that right must be balanced against the state's two legitimate interests for regulating abortions: protecting prenatal life and protecting the mother's health. A. Hyde Amendment B. Roe v. Wade C. Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (Webster Decision)

False

The average scrotal temperatures in humans are typically 2.5 to 3 degrees Celsius higher than regular body temperature (37 degrees Celsius). True False

True

The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, and there are approximately 100 billion (100,000,000,000) neurons in the human brain. TrueFalse

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The clitoris 1 contains numerous nerve endings and is the most sexually sensitive area with the sole purpose of producing pleasure. The clitoris has no reproductive functioning (only pleasure!), the organ of reproduction is the vagina 8 . The anus 7 is another area that contains numerous nerve endings and is a part of the body's primary erogenous zones. Wrapped around the urethra 6 you find the Skene's glands 16 . The Skene's glands develop from the same underlying tissue as the prostate gland and have the ability to release fluid (sometimes a significant amount of fluid!) during orgasm. This is sometimes referred to as squirting, gushing, "female" ejaculation.

True

The clitoris consists of erectile tissue and engorges with blood during sexual arousal causing an erection. TrueFalse

True

The clitoris lacks a reproductive function. True False

C. Those over the age of 35 especially if they smoke more than 15 cigarettes a day. D. Those with cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, or diabetes.

The combination pill or other methods of administering estrogen/progesterone combinations may be risky for people who experience what kind of conditions? A. Those with low cholesterol. B. Those with scanty or irregular periods. C. Those over the age of 35 especially if they smoke more than 15 cigarettes a day. D. Those with cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, or diabetes.

Fill in the Blanks

The hypothalamus has neurosecretory neurons that produce the hormone GnRH . In response, the anterior pituitary releases two hormones known as FSH and LH . FSH will act on the seminiferous tubules to initiate sperm production. This in turn causes the Sertoli cells to produce the hormone inhibin . LH will act on the Leydig cells to initiate the production of testosterone . Keywords: FSH and LH; sperm; GnRH; Leydig cells; Sertoli cells; testosterone; seminiferous tubules; inhibin

Fill in Blank

The hypothalamus secretes the hormone GnRH, which acts on the anterior pituitary gland, causing secretion of the two hormones FSH and LH. FSH acts on the ovary to begin the maturation of about 20 pre-mature ovarian follicles. As these follicles mature, they produce the hormone estrogen . This causes the proliferation of the endometrial lining of the uterus and a surge in LH levels just prior to ovulation , which lasts for about 12-48 hours each month. Keywords: LH; ovary; hypothalamus; ovulation; endometrial; estrogen; pituitary

True

The hypothalamus serves as the connection between the nervous system and the endocrine system and is an area of the brain that is involved in many functions including sexual response. TrueFalse

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The ovary 4 is responsible for producing hormones and ova (eggs). At the time of ovulation, the fimbria 5 which is the fingerlike structures at the end of each fallopian tube 7 sweeps over the ovary to catch the egg. Once caught, the egg moves down the fallopian tube to reach the uterus 6. If the egg is fertilized, it will implant here into the endometrium 3 which is the innermost lining of the uterus. The neck of the uterus is known as the cervix 2 which reaches into the vagina, also known as the birth canal. The vaginal walls contain numerous folds called rugae 1 . The vaginal opening, introitus 8 is covered by inner lips known as the labia minora 11 . The outer lips of the vulva are known as the labia majora 15 .

C.Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D.Luteinizing hormone (LH) A.Prolactin E.Oxytocin

The pituitary gland secretes, which of the following hormones? A.Prolactin B.Adrenaline C.Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D.Luteinizing hormone (LH) E.Oxytocin

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The shaft of the penis consists of three cylindrical structures. To distinguish between these it helps to remember that the urethra runs through the corpus spongiosum . The corpora cavernosa occurs as a pair and are located on top of the corpus spongiosum. The corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum are erectile tissues that engorge with blood during sexual arousal causing an erection. Shortly after erection, pre-cum can be seen exuding from the urethra. Pre-cum is produced by the bulbourethral glands also known as Cowper's glands. The testicles are housed in the scrotum. On the top of each testicle, you find the epididymis , and mature sperm are stored here prior to ejaculation. During ejaculation, sperm will travel from the epididymis through the vas deferens and pick up fluids from the seminal vesicles , and from the prostate gland .

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The testis 2 are the site of sperm and hormone production housed by the scrotum 1 . Sperm production is dependent on optimal temperature conditions, hence the testis location outside of the body. The average scrotal temperatures in humans are typically 2.5 to 3 degrees Celsius lower than body temperature (37 degrees Celsius). Spermatogenesis, which means the production of sperm, is most efficient at 34 degrees Celsius. The shaft of the penis contains erectile tissues that engorge with blood during an erection. The average shaft 13 of a human penis in an unaroused flaccid state is 3.61 inches or 9.2 centimeters. With an erection, the shaft stretches to an average length of 5.16 inches or 13.1 centimeters. The penile glans 6 contains the numerous nerve endings and is the most sexually sensitive area of the penis. In a flaccid state, the foreskin covers the penile glans to protect its sensitivity. The rim of the penile glans is known as the corona 14 . The anus 5 also contains numerous nerve endings and is a part of the body's primary erogenous zones. In contrast, the rectum 7 which is similar in size and shape to the vagina has few nerve endings.

A. Mons pubis B. Clitoris C. Vaginal opening E. Labia majora F. Labia minora

The vulva is a cover term and includes which of the following structures? A. Mons pubis B. Clitoris C. Vaginal opening D. Anus E. Labia majora F. Labia minora G. All of the above

A. fainting B. high fever C. vomiting D. diarrhea

Though symptoms of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is rare some may be: A. fainting B. high fever C. vomiting D. diarrhea

A. Increased muscle mass and strength B. Growth of body hair, axillary and pubic hair C. Deepening of the voice D. Enlargement of breasts and erection of nipples

What are secondary sexual characteristics? A. Increased muscle mass and strength B. Growth of body hair, axillary and pubic hair C. Deepening of the voice D. Enlargement of breasts and erection of nipples E. Internal and external genitalia

A. Insufficient lubrication. B. Not fitting properly. C. Not checking the expiration date. D. Breakage when opening the package. E. Too much air in the tip. F. Slipping during penetration and/or when pulling out.

What are some common reasons that might contribute to the ineffectiveness of condoms? A. Insufficient lubrication. B. Not fitting properly. C. Not checking the expiration date. D. Breakage when opening the package. E. Too much air in the tip. F. Slipping during penetration and/or when pulling out.

a. b. c.

What are some of the benefits of breastfeeding an infant? A. Breast milk contains antibodies that help infants fight off viruses and bacteria. B. From a global perspective, and infant that is not exclusively breastfed could be at a substantially greater risk of death from diarrhea or pneumonia than one who is. C. Breast milk supports infants' immune system and may protect them later in life from chronic conditions such as obesity and diabetes.

C. Typically, there are no obvious symptoms.

What are the symptoms of cervical cancer in the early stages? A. Significant hair loss. B. Heavy bleeding including clotting. C. Typically, there are no obvious symptoms. D. Severe abdominal cramps.

B. Easy access as no prescription is needed. C. Some protection against STD transmission.

What do condoms offer that other forms of birth control do not? A. The most reliable method in preventing pregnancy. B. Easy access as no prescription is needed. C. Some protection against STD transmission.

B. 5α-reductase

What enzyme is needed to convert testosterone to dihydrotestosterone? A. Sucrase B. 5α-reductase C. Aromatase D. Ribonuclease

A. Luteinizing hormone (LH)

What hormone in urine will an ovulation predictor kit search for? A. Luteinizing hormone (LH) B. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) C. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

C. Oxytocin

What hormone triggers the expulsion of milk? A. Prolactin B. Follicle-stimulating hormone C. Oxytocin D. Luteinizing hormone

C. Oxytocin

What hormone triggers the expulsion of milk? A.Luteinizing hormone B.Follicle-stimulating hormone C.Oxytocin D.Prolactin

A. A urinary tract infection, also known as UTI

What is cystitis? A. A urinary tract infection, also known as UTI B. Inflammation of the vagina, also known as vaginitis. C. Inflammation of the cervix, also known as cervicitis.

C. Endometrium

What is the innermost lining of the uterus called? A. Myometrium B. Perimetrium C. Endometrium

A. The scrotum has no specific function other than housing the testes. B. To acts as a "climate control system" for the testes. C. In cold temperatures, it pulls the testes closer to the body. D. In warm temperatures, it lowers the testes away from the body.

What is the purpose of the scrotum? A. The scrotum has no specific function other than housing the testes. B. To acts as a "climate control system" for the testes. C. In cold temperatures, it pulls the testes closer to the body. D. In warm temperatures, it lowers the testes away from the body.

B. Provide sexual pleasure

What is the sole purpose of the clitoris? A. It has no function B. Provide sexual pleasure C. Produce lubrication

B. Glans

What part of the penis has the most nerve endings? A. Shaft B. Glans C. Corona D. Frenulum

A. Aspiration abortion

What type of abortion is most commonly performed in the U.S.? A. Aspiration abortion B. Medical abortion C. Dilation and Evacuation (D&E)

DepoProveraD. NuvaRingF. IUDG. The patch

What type of contraception would you recommend to someone who is forgetful and have trouble forming daily habits? A. Combination pill B. None at all C. DepoProvera D. NuvaRing E. Mini pill F. IUD G. The patch

D. Silicone-based lube E. Water-based lube

What type of lubricant should be used with condoms? A. Petroleum Jelly B. Body lotion C. Body lotion D. Silicone-based lube E. Water-based lube F. Coconut oil

A. Copper B. Hormonal

What type(s) of intrauterine device (IUD) is available on the market? A. Copper B. Hormonal C. Titanium D. All of the above. E. None of the above.

Fill in Blank

When the infant begins to suck on the nipple, the sucking acts as a stimulant triggering the hypothalamus to begin the production of GnRH . This causes the pituitary gland to release prolactin to initiate milk production, and oxytocin to trigger the expulsion of milk. Since oxytocin is also released during arousal it is not uncommon to experience feelings that remind of sexual pleasure when nursing. Keywords: GnRH; oxytocin; arousal; pituitary; sucking; hypothalamus; prolactin

B. In the uterus

Where in the body is an IUD placed? A. In the cervix B. In the uterus C. Subdermally in the upper arm D. In the vagina

B. Hypothalamus

Where is gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) produced? A. Testicles B. Hypothalamus C. Pituitary gland D. Ovaries

D. Testicles

Where is sperm stored prior to ejaculation? A. Seminal vesicles B. Epididymis C. Prostate gland D. Testicles

A. Combination pill B. Mini pill C. NuvaRing

Which methods of birth control need a prescription? A. Combination pill B. Mini pill C. NuvaRing D. Penile condom E. Spermicide F. All of the above.

B. Formation and maintenance of the corpus luteum

Which of the following are functions of luteinizing hormone (LH)? A. Initiation of GnRH production B. Formation and maintenance of the corpus luteum C. Stimulation of follicle development

D. Lung and bronchial cancer

Which of the following cancers is most deadly? A. Cervical cancer B. Prostate cancer C. Breast cancer D. Lung and bronchial cancer

A. United States military personnel who rely on military insurance. C. People who rely on Medicaid or other federally funded health care.

Which of the following groups are directly affected by the federal regulations prohibiting federal money for abortion care? A. United States military personnel who rely on military insurance. B. People with the ability to afford private insurance. C. People who rely on Medicaid or other federally funded health care.

C. Prolactin

Which of the following hormones initiates milk production? A. Oxytocin B. Luteinizing hormone C. Prolactin D. Follicle-stimulating hormone

B. Progesterone

Which of the following hormones is produced by the corpus luteum? A. Luteinizing hormone B. Progesterone C. Estrogen D. Follicle-stimulating hormone

A. Mogen clamp method

Which of the following is the most commonly performed method of neonatal male circumcision in the US? A. Mogen clamp method B. Dorsal slit method C. Plastibell method D. Gomco method

D. All of the above

Which of these are risk factors for developing cervical cancer? A. Human papillomavirus (HPV) B. Smoking cigarettes C. Living with untreated HIV D. All of the above

B. Frequent headaches C. Irregular bleeding D. Nausea

Which of these is a possible side effect of hormonal birth control pills? A. Multiple orgasms B. Frequent headaches C. Irregular bleeding D. Nausea

A. Pap smear test

Which of these tests effectively screens for cervical cancer? A. Pap smear test B. Blood sugar test C. Blood pressure test D. Cholesterol test

B. 10-14

Young boys often being puberty sometime between the ages of: A. 8-10 B. 10-14 C. 14-16

A. 8-12

Young girls often being puberty sometime between the ages of: A. 8-12 B. 12-14 C. 14-16

B. she could be pregnant and experiencing an ectopic pregnancy. C. she might have pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) due to an infection with gonorrhea or chlamydia. D. she could have endometriosis, which is commonly associated with pelvic pain and the pain is often worse during and after intercourse. E. she may be experiencing mittelschmerz pain due to ovulation.

Your sister tells you that she is having pain in the lower abdomen. After reading about conditions of XX genitalia you might suspect a number of things related to the reproductive tract... A. the abdominal pain might be caused by cryptorchidism. B. she could be pregnant and experiencing an ectopic pregnancy. C. she might have pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) due to an infection with gonorrhea or chlamydia. D. she could have endometriosis, which is commonly associated with pelvic pain and the pain is often worse during and after intercourse. E. she may be experiencing mittelschmerz pain due to ovulation.

B. Hormones

______ are chemical messengers that are produced in one body region but affect a different body region. A. Enzymes B. Hormones C. Endocrines D. Neurotransmitters