WWII APUSH 2

72. Director Frank Capra created a series of "____________" documentaries to explain war aims to drafted soldiers

Why We Fight

68. Navajos were used as____________in the Pacific theater.

Codebreakers

1. In the United States, World War II brought all of the following changes except A) an end to the Great Depression. B) increased urbanization. C) expanding the size and role of the federal government. D) ending legalized, racial segregation. E) accelerating the movement of women into the labor force.

D

15. Which of the following is properly matched? A) Office of War Information—helped save Jews from the Holocaust Fair Employment B)Practices Act—used direct action to protest discrimination C) War Refugee Board—promoted patriotism D) Congress of Racial Equality—enforced no discrimination policies in defense industries E) Lend-Lease—allowed the distribution of arms and equipment to nations whose defense was vital to the security of the United States

D

21. What did President Roosevelt call "a date that will live in infamy"? A) Germany's invasion of Poland B) Japan's invasion of Manchuria C) England's declaration of war on Germany D) Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor E) The stock market crash of 1929

D

23. Which of the following is properly paired? A) National War Labor Board—gave the president unprecedented authority to run the war B)War Powers Act—established wages, hours, and working conditions C)Office of Price Administration—was established to get the country and economy on a defense footing D) War Production Board—oversaw the conversion of industry to military manufacturing E) Council of National Defense—allocated resources and tried to keep inflation down

D

30. Which of the following statements accurately characterizes the entry of women into the American workforce during World War II? A) Most held the same sorts of jobs they held before the war. B) Government propaganda was directed mainly at single women. C) By 1945, women made up 68 percent of the labor force. D) Men earned higher wages than women for comparable work. E)All of the above

D

31. What progressive legislation was passed during World War II to encourage women workers in the war effort? A) Job sharing B) Equal pay for equal work C) Paid maternity leaves D) Government child-care programs E) Flexible hours

D

4. Prior to World War II, all of the following countries embraced fascist governments except A) Spain. B) Italy. C) Germany. D) Russia. E) Japan.

D

43. Executive Order 9066 A) banned gays or lesbians from serving in the military. B) gave the president unprecedented power to arrest and detain any Americans suspected of disloyalty during the war. C) permitted the U.S. military to use atomic weapons on Japan if it did not surrender unconditionally. D) allowed for the forced relocation of Japanese Americans on the West Coast to detention camps. E) created the first peacetime draft in American history.

D

54. In 1942, Japanese forces invaded all of the following except A) Malaya. B) the Philippines. C) Guam. D) New Zealand. E) Burma.

D

55. The two main American military commanders in the Pacific theater during World War II were A) Douglas MacArthur and Ernest King. B) George Marshall and Douglas MacArthur. C) Dwight D. Eisenhower and William D. Leahy. D) Douglas MacArthur and Chester W. Nimitz. E) George Patton and Omar Bradley

D

59. Which of the following was not agreed to at Yalta? A) The division of Germany into four occupation zones B) The establishment of the United Nations C) The determination that the Soviets would have a sphere of influence in Eastern Europe D) Dropping the atomic bomb on Japan E) The United States, France, England, China, and the Soviet Union becoming permanent members of the Security Council

D

69. During World War II, black leaders in the United States campaigned for ____________ victories over fascism abroad and discrimination at home.

Double V

18. All of the following steps were taken by FDR and Congress between 1939 and 1941 to prepare the United States for the possibility of war except A) the creation of the National Defense Advisory Commission. B) agreeing to a destroyers-for-bases deal with England. C) implementing the first ever peacetime draft in American history. D) the Lend-Lease Act. E) starting a massive government propaganda campaign to encourage Americans to support U.S. involvement in the war.

E

2. All of the following are true about World War II except A) it was fought on three of the seven continents and four of the five oceans. B) it killed fifty million people and injured hundreds of millions more. C) it was seen by FDR and Churchill as a war to defend democratic values against fascism. D) it involved every industrialized power in Europe, North America, and Asia. E) it was in part a war to maintain British, French, and Dutch control of their colonies.

E

26. A Progressive-era reform that was undermined by the government's action during World War II was A) child labor laws. B) worker compensation laws. C) Social Security. D) women's rights. E) antitrust prosecution.

E

3. All of the following governmental precedents were established in the United States during World War II except A) universal taxation of income. B) the creation of a huge military establishment. C) multibillion dollar budgets. D) active participation of the United States in international politics and alliances. E) the creation of a professional, all volunteer military.

E

61. The German form of "lightening war" using tanks was known as ____________

blitzkrieg

34. What was the result of the United Mine Workers' strike, led by John L. Lewis in 1943? A) The striking workers won recognition of their union and better working conditions. B) The workers received a higher pay increase than had been suggested by the National War Labor Relations Board and a promise that during the war, their pay would keep pace with inflation. C) President Roosevelt was forced to intervene in the strike and mediate a settlement that did not please either side. D) It led to a wave of copycat strikes as unions across the country abandoned their "no strike" pledges. E) Congress passed legislation limiting the ability of unions to strike during the war and forbidding political contributions by unions.

E

40. Problems on the home front included all of the following except A) zoot-suit riots. B) race riots. C) a shortage of consumer goods. D) a booming black market. E) a rise in the number of unmarried mothers.

E

45. Gordon Hirbayashi was A) the leader of the Japanese military during World War II. B) a Japanese American caught spying for Japan during World War II. C) the famous lawyer who convinced the Supreme Court to eventually declare the relocation camps for Japanese Americans on the West Coast to be unconstitutional. D) was the most decorated Japanese American soldier in World War II. E) a pacifist who was arrested and convicted for resisting the forced relocation of Japanese Americans on the West Coast.

E

5. Which of the following was characteristic of fascist governments in the 1930s and 1940s, especially Nazi Germany? A)Authoritarian dictatorships B)Militaristic governments C)Promoting racial superiority D) Intense nationalism E)All of the above

E

58. Which of the following statements regarding the atomic bomb and its use in World War II is not correct? A) U.S. military planners believed that dropping atomic bombs on Japan would ultimately save lives on both sides. B) Truman hoped the use of atomic bombs against Japan would impress Stalin and give the United States more leverage in dealing with Soviet postwar demands. C) U.S. officials doubted that even a successful demonstration of the atomic bomb could convince Japan to surrender. D) Soviet spies had informed Stalin about America's atomic bombs before one was ever dropped on Japan. E) The U.S. rushed to drop both atomic bombs before the Soviets could attack Japan so that it could play a bigger role in the postwar reconstruction of Japan.

E

6. to the rise of the Nazi Party in Germany? A) Huge World War I reparation payments B) Economic depression C) Fear of communism D) High unemployment E) All of the above

E

62. In 1935, Italy invaded ____________ and in response the League of Nations took only weak action

Ethiopia

17. The principles of freedom of the seas, national self-determination, and collective security were reiterated in A) the Atlantic Charter. B) the Munich Pact. C) the Potsdam Conference. D) the Yalta Conference. E) the Manhattan Project.

A

80. The only two cities to be attacked by atomic bombs are ____________ and ____________

Hiroshima, Nagasaki

25. Henry J. Kaiser was A) dubbed the "miracle man" for revolutionizing the production of naval vessels during the war. B) one of Roosevelt's most trusted advisors and an architect of both New Deal and World War II policies. C) an infamous German spy who was executed for sending classified secretes to the German military. D) the German military commander defeated in the North Africa campaign. E)the most prominent civil rights activist during World War II.

A

32. Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes U.S. politics during World War 11? A) Congress narrowed Roosevelt's call in 1944 for a second bill of rights program to include only veterans. B) The Republicans lost congressional seats and governorships in the 1942 elections. C)Voter turnout was at an all-time high for the nonpresidential elections of 1942. D) Southern Democrats pressured Roosevelt to run again in 1944. E)By 1944, Roosevelt had become deeply unpopular even as many Americans feared that he would remain president for life.

A

33. The GI Bill of Rights provided A) education, medical care, pensions, and mortgage loans to veterans. B) entertainment for the troops. C) higher pay for soldiers. D) transportation home for wounded soldiers. E) free housing for veterans of both World War I and World War II.

A

35. Which of the following is correctly paired with his or her activity during World War II? A) A. Philip Randolph—threatened to head a march on Washington to protest racial discrimination B) James Farmer—revolutionized the ship-building industry C) Thomas Dewey—helped found CORE D) Eleanor Roosevelt—was the model for the "Rosie the Riveter" painting by Norman Rockwell E) Henry J. Kaiser—helped found the NAACP

A

36. Harry S. Truman was nominated as Roosevelt's vice presidential running mate in 1944 because A) Vice President Wallace was considered to be too liberal by many party leaders. B) he was widely considered the ablest man in the party and best qualified if the presidency were to pass to him. C) he was regarded as having more expertise in foreign affairs than Vice President Wallace. D) Vice President Wallace was seen as too close to the Southern wing of the Democratic Party. E) all of the above.

A

37. Japanese Americans on the West Coast were interned during World War II because A) after Pearl Harbor, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that their presence constituted a "clear and present danger" to U.S. security. B) the West Coast was considered to be vulnerable to attack by Japanese forces, and inflammatory rhetoric demanded that the region be rid of supposed Japanese spies. C) they had a long history of antagonism toward white Americans. D) the Roosevelt administration realized that, for their own protection, they had to be relocated. E) the FBI had discovered several plots among Japanese Americans to spy on U.S. military facilities.

A

38. Which of the following statements accurately describes rationing during World War II? A) Most Americans complied with rationing. B) Among the food items in shortest supply were chewing gum and soft drinks. C) Only the poor had to cope with shortages. D) Families of servicemen and servicewomen were not required to comply with rationing. E) All of the above

A

48. During World War II, the "big three" consisted of A) England, the Soviet Union, and the United States. B) Germany, Japan, and Italy. C) France, England, and the Soviet Union. D) China, the Soviet Union, and India. E) the United States, China, and the Soviet Union.

A

56. In 1944, U.S. naval forces destroyed much of Japan's remaining naval fleet in the battle of A) Leyte Gulf. B) the Coral Sea. C) Midway Island. D) the Aleutian Islands. E) Manila Bay.

A

8. Hitler's Germany took all of the following steps as it marched toward war in the 1930s except A) refusing to negotiate with the Allies at the Munich Conference in 1938. B) reoccupying the Rhineland with military troops. C) rearming Germany in violation of the Versailles Treaty. D) annexing German-speaking Austria. E) signing treaties with Italy, Japan, and Russia.

A

53. The Battle of the Bulge A) resulted in the Allied breakout in Normandy and the rapid advance of Allied troops across northern France. B) was the final offensive launched by the Germans in Belgium in December 1944. C) occurred on the Eastern Front as Russian forces pushed back the German army to Berlin. D) was the name given to the Allied drive on Berlin, in the spring of 1945. E) was a huge Allied defeat in Western Europe.

B

60. Which of the following is not an enduring legacy of World War II? A) The atomic age B) The military-industrial complex C) The practice of integrated military units D) The onset of the Cold War E) The United States as one of the most powerful nations in the world

B

7. The United States' initial response to world problems in the 1930s was A) appeasement. B) neutrality. C) a quarantine of belligerents. D) preparation for war. E) naval disarmament talks.

B

71. About forty percent of America's vegetables during World War II were grown in ____________

Backyard Gardens

70. During World War II, tens of thousands of Mexican contract workers were brought into the United States to meet the wartime demands for farm labor as part of the ____________ program.

Bracero

13. Which of the following nations was not overrun by Germany in June 1940? A) France B) Denmark C) the Soviet Union D) Belgium E) Norway

C

16. In a famous 1941 speech, Roosevelt defined all of the following "four essential freedoms" except A) freedom from want. B) freedom from fear. C) freedom from discrimination. D) freedom of religion. E) freedom of speech.

C

22. In 1938, which of the following would have been least likely to support the policy of appeasement? A) Robert Taft B) Gerald Nye C) Franklin Roosevelt D) Charles Lindbergh E) Jeanette Rankin

C

24. According to the textbook, the most decisive American factor in determining World War II's outcome was A) the contributions of the "code-talkers." B) the sheer number of troops provided by the United States. C) the immense production of war material and other needed supplies. D) the contribution of women workers in America's factories. E) the staggering amount of money loaned by America to the Allies.

C

27. During World War II, federal income tax was A) paid by wealthy citizens for the first time. B) replaced by a national sales tax. C) paid by ten times as many Americans as before. D) cut in half for the duration of the war. E) implemented for the first time.

C

41. In June 1943, thirty-four people died during a major race riot in A) Washington, D.C. B) Cleveland. C) Detroit. D) Oakland. E) New York City.

C

46. Korematsu v. United States legitimized the A) elements of the Root-Takahira Agreement. B) discrimination against Japanese students in schools. C) forced internment of Americans of Japanese descent into relocation camps. D) use of Americans of Japanese descent in the armed forces. E) deportation of Japanese aliens.

C

47. Why did the United States participate in World War II? A) To become a global world power and expand its empire B) To protect the European colonial system C) To protect democracy in Europe and preserve American power outside the Western Hemisphere. D) To end the Great Depression. E) All of the above

C

51. Instead of immediately opening a second front in France in 1942—1943, Churchill successfully insisted that the Allies A) win the war in the west by means of saturation bombing attacks on German cities. B) send the Soviet Union enough arms to keep fighting the Germans, but otherwise let the Red army and the Nazis exhaust each other in fighting. C) invade North Africa and later Sicily and the Italian mainland. D) concentrate on the war against Japan. E) try to assassinate Hitler and his top commanders.

C

52. The massive Allied invasion of Europe was code-named A) Midway. B) Operation Barbarossa. C) D-Day. D) Kamikaze. E) the Manhattan Project.

C

57. All of the following were examples of the racial overtones of World War II except A) the Bataan death march. B) the "rape of Nanjing." C) kamikaze attacks. D) the Japanese military use of Korean "comfort women." E) the forced relocation of Japanese Americans on the West Coast.

C

9. The Nye Committee report stated that A) "merchants of death" were leading the nation into World War II. B) the New Deal had led to the recession of 1937. C) war profiteers had maneuvered the nation into World War I for financial gain. D) new immigrants were undermining American society. E) the neutrality declarations were unsuccessful.

C

67. The 1941 War Powers Act gave FDR unprecedented control over the war effort and marked the beginning of what historians have termed the ____________

Imperial Presidency

74. During World War II, one-tenth of all federal dollars flowed into the state of ____________

California

75. The zoot-suit riots in 1943 took place in ____________

Los Angeles

79. The top-secret American project to create an atomic bomb was known as ____________

Manhattan Project

78. In May 1942, the U.S. Navy halted the Japanese advance toward Australia in the ____________

New Guinea

64. At the ____________ in September 1938, the Allies allowed Germany to annex the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia as part of their policy of appeasement.

munich conference

77. In 1939, FDR refused to allow the ____________, a German vessel with a thousand Jewish refugees aboard, permission to dock at an American port.

St. Louis

10. The Neutrality Act of 1935 and its 1936 and 1937 amendments A) prohibited Americans from selling nonmilitary goods to nations at war. B) required belligerent nations that wanted to buy nonmilitary goods from the United States to pay in cash and supply their own shipping. C) prohibited Americans from sailing on the ships of nations at war. D) reflected the internationalist sentiments of the congressional majority. E) prevented American companies from investing in or doing any business whatsoever with a country that was at war.

B

11. The "cash-and-carry" provision of the 1937 Neutrality Act stated that A) the United States would give "all aid short of war" to the Allies. B) the United States would only purchase goods from countries who accepted cash and who would deliver the merchandise. C) the United States would sell arms to Spain if it paid for them in cash and picked them up. D) only the Soviet Union would be affected by it because it was a communist country. E) belligerents could buy nonmilitary goods from the United States under certain conditions.

B

12. World War II began in Europe when A) Germany invaded Czechoslovakia. B) Germany invaded Poland. C) Germany invaded France. D) Germany invaded Austria. E) Germany, Italy, and Japan signed a military alliance.

B

14. Which is true of the America First Committee? A) It believed the United States should be interventionist. B) Its intent was to keep the nation out of war. C) Japan had to be the first target in American involvement in World War II. D) It had very few influential followers. E) It believed in promoting the United States as a world power.

B

19. After the Japanese invaded China in 1937, President Roosevelt A) called for a League of Nations military force to free China. B) urged peace-loving nations to "quarantine" Japan and other aggressors. C) ordered U.S. naval forces to retaliate for the sinking of an American gunboat in the Yangtze River. D) broke diplomatic relations with Japan. E) threatened to declare war against Japan if it invaded any other Asian countries.

B

20. When Japanese troops occupied the northern part of French Indochina in fall 1940, the United States A) signed the Tri-Partite Pact with Great Britain and the Soviet Union. B) restricted trade with Japan, including fuel and scrap metal vital to Japan's war effort. C) reinforced its troops in the Philippines and prepared to occupy southern Indochina. D) protested verbally but otherwise did nothing. E) moved its entire fleet from the Philippines to Pearl Harbor to avoid a Japanese attack.

B

28. Which of the following is true of discrimination in the armed services during World War 11? A) Native Americans served in segregated units. B)The military segregated African Americans and assigned them menial duties. C) Mexican Americans, though serving bravely, were not eligible for the Congressional Medal of Honor. D)Having learned from World War I, the army did not segregate black soldiers. E)Women were not allowed to serve near the front lines.

B

29. The advertisement represents which of the following(ADEL Ad)? A) WACS (Women's Army Corps) B) Rosie the Riveter C) Frances Perkins D) WAVES (Women Accepted for Voluntary Service) E) Marine Corps Women's Reserves

B

39. Which of the following states was most affected by population migrations during World War 11? A) Texas B) California C) New York D) Florida E) Hawaii

B

42. The greatest civil rights abuse(s) during the war was (were) A) the way industry treated women. B) the internment of Japanese aliens. C) latchkey children. D) the lack of benefits for families with breadwinners fighting in the war. E) Jim Crow segregation.

B

44. All of the following are true regarding the forced relocation and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II except A) more than two-thirds of those Japanese Americans were native born American citizens. B) the Supreme Court ruled the policy unconstitutional in 1944, after fear of a Japanese attack had subsided. C) it did not apply to the many Japanese Americans who lived in Hawaii. D) some were allowed to leave the camps in order to work on farms or join the military. E) in 1988, Congress apologized and paid $20,000 to each of the remaining survivors.

B

49. From 1941 to 1943, Stalin was most interested in securing a guarantee that Britain and the United States would A) not stand in the way of the Soviet Union's annexation of much of northeast China after the war. B) open a second front in France to force Germany to withdraw troops from Russia. C) allow the Soviet Union to establish satellite states in Eastern Europe after the war. D) send reinforcements to fight on the Eastern Front. E) help defend the Soviet Union from a possible attack in Asia by Japan.

B

50. The turning point of World War II in Europe came when the A) U.S. Navy drove German submarines out of the Atlantic in spring 1942, thereby ensuring the flow of oil and other military supplies to Britain and the Soviet Union. B) Soviets halted the German advance at Stalingrad in the winter of 1942—43. C) Allies invaded Italy in 1943. D) Allies regained the offensive after the Battle of the Bulge in late 1944. E) United States developed the atomic bomb.

B

76. The Nazis euphemistically called their extermination camps the "____________ to the Jewish question."

Final Solution

66. By the fall of 1941, unbeknown to most Americans, the U.S. Navy was secretly at war with ____________

German U-Boats

73. ____________ was the first item to be rationed in the United States during World War II.

Tires

63. The ____________ consisted of Communists in Western Europe and the United States who supported various international causes such as the Loyalists in the Spanish Civil War.

popular front

65. In August 1939, Hitler and Stalin shocked the world by announcing that they had signed a ____________

pact