Zinc Quiz
What are the 3 ways that Zinc aids in cell signaling and influences?
Hormone release Nerve impulse transmission Apoptosis
A vegan may have inadequate serum zinc levels because of: No consumption of meat High consumption of foods that contain oxalate and phytate No consumption of Dairy Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are correct
E. All of the above
Which of the following nutrient(s) does zinc interact with? Vitamin A Protein Folate Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
E. All of the above
Casein is An amino acid A lipid found in milk A protein structure found in fish Only two of the above are correct None of the above are correct
E. None of the above
Which of the following are correct about Metallothioneins? Can be toxic in large amounts Are localized in the nucleus There only located in the liver and intestinal cells Only two of the above are correct None of the above are correct
E. None of the above
Which of the following increases the absorption of Zinc in the large intestine? Serine Legumes Albumin Soluble fiber None of the above are correct
E. None of the above
Which of the following is a/are function(s) of zinc? Heme synthesis Taste perception Overall growth Only two of the above A, B, and C are all correct
E. all of the above
Zinc Functions? What is G
Wound healing Heme synthesis Antioxidant Taste Perception Immune system Sexually maturation Growth
What is night blindness?
??? When there is not adequate retinol in the bloodstream rhodopsin cannot be created and that is needed for light absorption
What is the RDA for Zinc for individuals >19
8mg/day Female 11mg/day Male
Which of the following is/are (a) symptom(s) of a severe zinc deficiency? Behavioral disturbances Increase blood clotting Hypoglycemia Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
A. Behavioral Disturbances
Zinc acetate lozenges may: Decrease scratchy throat Decrease duration of hyperplasia Decrease duration of Emphysema Only two of the above are correct None of the above are correct
A. Decrease scratchy throat
Which of the following is/are deficiency (a) symptom(s) of Zn? Dwarfism Poor chylomicron formation and hyperlipidemia Decreased activity of PPAR Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
A. Dwarfism
Which of the following is/are true regarding zinc? Free zinc in the body can act as a prooxidant Free zinc in the body is an antioxidant Free zinc in the body increases glucagon synthesis Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
A. Free zinc in the body can act as a prooxidant
The Zn2+ form of zinc is largely regulated by Metallothioneins Hydration level Cu levels Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
A. Metallothionines
Zinc can aid in cell signaling by influencing, which of the following: Promotes apoptosis Promotes lipid oxidation DNA repair Only two of the above are correct A, B, C are all correct
A. Promotes Apoptosis
Oxalate is found in? Spinach Legumes Potatoes Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
A. Spinach
Which enzyme(s) rely/relies on zinc as a cofactor? Superoxide dismutase Leukotriene anhydrase Pyruvate decarboxylase Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
A. Superoxide dismutase
What is the least bioavailable source of zinc? Oysters. Green leafy vegetables. Milk. Red meat. Pork
B. Green leafy vegetables
Which of the following is/are true a. MTs are made primarily in the liver, gallbladder, kidneys and intestines. b. MTs can bind many molecules including Zn, Ca, Se, and xenobiotics. c. MTs exhibit antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties. d. Only two of the above are correct. e. A, B, and C are all correct.
B. MTs can bind many molecules including Zn, Ca, Se, and xenobiotics.
Which of the following is/are true about zinc toxicity? It often looks like an iron deficiency. Metallothionein levels will be higher in an individual with Zn toxicity. LDL levels will be higher in an individual with Zn toxicity. One of the common symptoms is poor development and growth. All of the above
B. Metallothionein levels will be higher in an individual with Zn toxicity.
Which of the following decrease Zn absorption? Cysteine Oxalic acid Histidine Only two of the above are correct. A, B, and C are all correct.
B. Oxalic acid
Zinc is a component of retinol-binding protein, a protein necessary for transporting what in the blood. Vitamin C Vitamin A Cu Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
B. Vit a
Zn2+ is moved in the body by which of the following ways? It moves Zn2+ out the cytoplasm by ZIPs It moves Zn2+ into the cytoplasm by ZnTs Zn2+ can move between cells via pericellular diffusion Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
C. Zn2+ can move between cells via pericellular diffusion
Which of the following is/are true of ZIPs? Carry Zn out of the cytoplasm They are only found in small intestinal cells 14 members of ZIP family Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
C. 14 members of ZIP family
How does Zn help stabilize proteins and cell membranes? By binding amino acids together By binding with cholesterol for decreased fluidity By stabilizing phospholipids and thiol groups in cell membranes Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
C. By stabilizing phospholipids and thiol groups in cell membranes
Which of the following decreases zinc absorption? A vitamin D deficiency High amounts of potassium High amounts of calcium Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
C. High amounts of calcium
Once Zn has been absorbed into the enterocyte it can perform which of the following function(s)? Binds directly to Cu forming an antioxidant. Starts to release the Cu in MTs in place of the Zn being stored. Move into the blood. Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
C. Move into the blood
Which of the following is/are (a) true statement(s)? Largest amounts of Zinc found in the body is in the blood The enzyme gustin aids in eicosanoid metabolism One way that Zn stabilizes cell membranes is by quenching free radicals Only two of the above are correct A, B, C are all correct
C. One way that Zn stabilizes cell membranes is by quenching free radicals
Low levels of Zn within the body can increase. Metallothioneins levels Retinal levels Spina bifida None of the above are correct
C. Spina Bifida
Which statement(s) is/are true about zinc supplements and the common cold? There are hundreds of peer-reviewed articles published providing significant evidence that it shortens the duration of a fever. Zinc glycerate lozenges have been shown to shorten the duration of common colds. There is evidence that they can shorten the duration of sore throats and coughing. Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct None of the above are correct
C. There is evidence that they can shorten the duration of sore throats and coughing.
What is used as a transporter for Zn? Albumin Transferrin IgG antibodies Only two of the above are correct. A, B, and C are all correct.
D. A, B, and C are all correct.
Which of the following foods decrease zinc absorption? Broccoli Berries Fish Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
D. Broccoli & Berries
In plants, zinc is important in which of the following ways? Chloroplast development Phloem development Linear growth Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
D. Chloroplast development & Linear growth
Zinc is used in over 300 enzymes, which enzyme(s) below are zinc dependent? Pyruvate Hydrolase DNA and RNA Polymerase Superoxide dismutase Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
D. DNA and RNA Polymerase & Superoxide dismutase
Zinc's regulatory functions include? Hormone release Nerve impulse transmission IgG synthesis Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
D. Hormone Release & Nerve Impulse transmission
A toxicity of Zinc can come from: Inhalation Ingestion Topical use of creams and lotions Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
D. Ingestion & Topical use of creams and lotions
Which of the following is/are (a) symptom(s) of a Zinc toxicity? Lower HDL levels Miscarriages Increased blood pressure Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
D. Lower HDL Levels & Miscarriages
Which of the following is/are considered great bioavailable sources of zinc (based on the lecture)? Oysters/Shellfish Red Meat Fruit Only two of the above A, B, and C
D. Oysters/Shellfish & Red Meat
What does your body do in response to being deficient in Zinc? Zinc concentration in bone is released Physical growth slows down Absorption of zinc increases Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
D. Physical growth slows & Absorbtion of Zn increases
How can zinc be excreted? Feces Sweat Exhalation Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
D. Sweat & Feces
What is the function of the enzyme gustin? Gluconeogenesis DNA replication and transcription Eicosanoid metabolism Taste acuity Cytosolic antioxidant
D. Taste Acuity
Which of the following is/are true? Zinc is regulated by Zn importers Zinc is regulated by Zn transporters Zinc is regulated by Zn non-coding proteins Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct
D. Zinc is regulated by Zn importers & Zinc is regulated by Zn transporters
What 4 things do you need for transcription?
DNA RNA Polymerase ATP Transcription Factors (Zinc Fingers)
What nutrient interactions does Zinc affect? Converting retinal to retinol The coating of vitamin D receptors The conversion of folate to folic acid Only two of the above are correct A, B, and C are all correct None of the above are correct
F. None of the above
IgG is a type of eicosanoid. T/F
False
Polyphenols are bad and should not be consumed. T/F
False
Superoxide dismutase is a zinc dependent enzyme that plays a role in gluconeogenesis. T/F
False
The binding of zinc or copper to transcription factors results in a conformational change called a zinc finger, which interacts with specific DNA sequences known as regulatory elements, located in the promoter region of selected genes. T/F
False
The enzyme Leukotriene hydrolase serves a similar function as an antioxidant. T/F
False
Transcription requires ATP, RNA oxidase, transcription polymerase, and DNA. T/F
False
Zinc is never found free in the body because of the harm that it can cause. T/F
False
Zinc regulates apoptosis which is a process that upregulates nerve conduction. T/F
False
Zn is excreted through feces, urine, exfoliation of skin, and sweat. Its primary means of excretion is through the urine. T/F
False
Achromotrichia is the absence or loss of pigment in the hair and skin. T/F
False (just hair)
What medications can put you at risk for Zn deficiencies?
Proton Pump inhibitors Anti-inflammatories Antacids
What are the 6 Zn dependent enzymes?
Puryvate dehydrogenase DNA and RNA Polymerase Superoxide Dismutase Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase Leukotriene Hydrolase Gustin
Why is Zn needed for Folate
The bioavailability of folate is increased by the action of a zinc-dependent enzyme
Children, pregnant women, alcoholics, individuals older than 65 years, and strict vegans are more at a higher risk for being Zn deficient. T/F
True
Inadequate intake of Zn when pregnant can lead to low birth weight, premature delivery, and complications during delivery. T/F
True
More paracellular diffusion occurs when excess amounts of zinc are consumed. T/F
True
Multivitamins supplements typically have around 15 mg T/F
True
Zinc is a common deficiency throughout the world. T/F
True
Zinc toxicity is rare from food sources alone and is mostly seen with over-supplementation. T/F
True
Zincs upper limit is 40 mg/day. T/F
True
Why is Zn needed for Vit A
Zinc is a component of a retinol-binding protien that is needed for VitA transportation in the blood stream & Zn is required for the enzyme that converts retinol to retinal
