1101 Chapter 14

The effectiveness of psychotherapy has been assessed both through clients perspectives and through controlled research studies. What have such assessments found?

Clients perceptions strongly affirm effectiveness of psychotherapy, but studies point to more modest results

Which type of psychotherapy emphasizes the individual's inherent potential for self-fulfillment?

Humanistic therapy

Which of the following is NOT a common criticism of psychoanalysis?

It gives therapist too much control over patients

Which of the following is NOT necessarily an advantage of group therapies over individual therapies?

They are more effective

The operant conditioning technique in which desired behaviors are rewarded with points or poker chips that can later be exchanged for various rewards is called

a token economy

Among the common ingredients of the psychotherapies is(are)

all of these answers

The results of outcome research on the effectiveness of different psychotherapies reveal that

all of these answers are correct

Cognitive-behavioral therapy aims to

alter the way people think and act

The type of drugs criticized for reducing symptoms without resolving underlying problems are the

antianxiety drugs

Using techniques of classical conditioning to develop an association between unwanted behavior and an unpleasant experience is known as

aversive conditioning

Which type of psychotherapy focuses on changing unwanted behaviors rather than on discovering their underlying causes?

behavior therapy

Which form of therapy is most likely to be successful in treating depression?

cognitive therapy

Which type of therapy focuses on eliminating irrational thinking?

cognitive-centered therapy

One variety of___________therapy is based on the finding that depressed people often attribute their failures to__________

cognitive; themselves

The technique of systematic desensitization is based on the concept that maladaptive symptoms are

conditioned responses

Electroconvulsive therapy is most useful in the treatment of

depression

The antipsychotic drugs appear to produce their effects by blocking the receptor sites for

dopamine

Which biomedical therapy is most likely to be practiced today?

drug therapy

The technique in which a person is asked to report everything that comes to his or her mind is called __________; it is favored by _______therapists.

free association;psychoanltic

Family therapy differs from the other forms of psychotherapy because it focuses on

how family tensions may cause individuals problems

Of the following categories go psychology, which is known for its non directive nature?

humanistic therapy

Carl Rogers developed the_________technique of__________

humanistic; client-centered therapy

Although Moniz won the Nobel prize for developing the lobotomy procedure, the technique is not widely used today because

it is irreversible

Which of the following is the mood-stabilizing drug most commonly used to treat bipolar disorder?

lithium

Some antidepressant drugs are believed to work by affecting serotonin and

norepinephrine

Psychologists who advocate a _________ approach to mental health contend that many psychological disorders could be prevented by changing the disturbed individuals____________

preventive; environment

Before 1950, the main mental health providers were

psychiatrists

Which of the following types of therapy does not belong with the others?

psychosurgery

Long-term use of antipsychotic drugs can result in a condition in which facial muscles sometimes twitch involuntarily. This condition is called

tardive dyskinsea

A person can benefit fromm psychotherapy simply by believing in it. This illustrates the importance of

the placebo effect

Principles of operant conditioning underlie which of the following techniques

the token economy

The idea that the mind and body are inseparable is the basis for

therapeutic lifestyle change

A therapist who describes his or her approach as eclectic is one who

uses a variety of techniques, depending on client and the problem