12-neuro

A nurse is preparing to administer valproic acid 400 mg PO bid for migraine headaches. Available is valproic acid 250 mg/5mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

8 mL

A nurse is modifying the diet of a client who has Parkinson's disease and is prescribed selegiline, an MAOI. Which of the following foods should the nurse eliminate? Fresh fish Cheddar cheese Cherries Chicken

Cheddar cheese The nurse should eliminate aged cheeses from the diet of a client who is prescribed selegiline. Cheddar cheese contains tyramine, which can cause a hypertensive crisis.

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client. Client admitted to the emergency department with a 2-day history of lethargy, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, headache, and general muscle aches. The client reports diarrhea, abdominal pain, and a sore throat.

Condtiion: -meningitis Do: -seizure precuaations -dim lights monitor: -assess neurologic status -temp ev 2-4 hr

A nurse is caring for a client who has increased intracranial pressure. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take? Teach controlled coughing and deep breathing. Provide a brightly lit environment. Elevate the head of the bed. Encourage a minimum intake of 2000 mL (67.6 oz) of clear fluids per day.

Elevate the head of the bed. The nurse should elevate the head of the bed 30° to 45° to promote reduction of intracranial pressure, while monitoring for changes in blood pressure.

A charge nurse is teaching a group of nurses about the antagonist action of medications. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following antagonist medications is used for benzodiazepines? Flumazenil Diphenhydramine Protamine Naloxone

Flumazenil The nurse should teach that flumazenil is an antagonist that reverses the effects of benzodiazepines by recognition site on the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor complex.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. On which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to instruct the client? Piperacillin/tazobactam Levothyroxine Levodopa/carbidopa Carbamazepine

Levodopa/carbidopa Levodopa/carbidopa is the cornerstone of Parkinson's treatment. The nurse should prepare to instruct the client on the use of this medication.

A nurse is planning care for a client who has a cerebral aneurysm. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? Elevate the head of bed to 45°. Maintain the client on absolute bed rest. Administer a cleansing enema. Place the client in a room near the nurses' station.

Maintain the client on absolute bed rest. The nurse should place the client on absolute bed rest in a quiet environment. Activity can elevate blood pressure and increase the risk for bleeding.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a suspected diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. The provider prescribes a Tensilon test. Which of the following findings indicates a positive test? A pill-rolling tremor appears. Muscle contractions become progressively stronger. Electrical charge in a muscle increases in intensity. Muscle strength shows no change.

Muscle contractions become progressively stronger. A positive Tensilon test is indicated by a 4 to 5 min period of improved muscle tone and strength.

A nurse is shopping and finds a woman who has collapsed with right-sided weakness and slurred speech. Which of the following action should the nurse take? Provide the client with water to test the gag reflex. Perform carotid massage. Notify emergency management services. Drive the client to the nearest medical facility.

Notify emergency management services. The client is exhibiting manifestations of a stroke and a rapid diagnosis is vital to administering appropriate treatment; therefore, the nurse should call the emergency management services.

A nurse is caring for a client who has had a spinal cord injury at the level of the T2-T3 vertebrae. When planning care, the nurse should anticipate which of the following types of disability? Paresthesia Hemiplegia Quadriplegia Paraplegia

Paraplegia Paraplegia, or paralysis of both legs, is seen after a spinal cord injury below T1.

A nurse is teaching a client who is to start taking warfarin about herbal supplements. The nurse should inform the client that which of the following herbal supplements can interact adversely with warfarin? Valerian Black cohosh Echinacea St. John's wort

St. John's wort The nurse should instruct the client that St. John's wort can decrease anticoagulation when taking warfarin.

A nurse is receiving a transfer report for a client who has a head injury. The client has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 3 for eye opening, 5 for best verbal response, and 5 for best motor response. Which of the following is an appropriate conclusion based on this data? The client can follow simple motor commands. The client is unable to make vocal sound. The client is unconscious. The client opens his eyes when spoken to.

The client opens his eyes when spoken to. A GCS of 3-5-5 indicates that the client opens his eyes in response to speech, is oriented, and is able to localize pain.

A home health nurse is assessing an older adult client who reports falling a couple of times over the past week. Which of the following findings should the nurse suspect is contributing to the client's falls? The client takes alprazolam. The client has a nonslip bath mat in his shower. The client uses a raised toilet seat. The client wears fitted slippers.

The client takes alprazolam Alprazolam is a CNS depressant that can cause dizziness and orthostatic hypotension, which can cause the client to lose his balance and fall.

A nurse is caring for a client who has chemotherapy- induced peripheral neuropathy. The nurse should expect the client to report having experienced which of the following symptoms? Extremities that turned blue when exposed to cold Tingling feeling in the extremities Jerking movements of the extremities Spasms of the extremities

Tingling feeling in the extremities Peripheral neuropathy is a neurological disorder resulting from damage to the peripheral nerves. It may be caused by diseases of the nerves, systemic illnesses, or it may be a side-effect from chemotherapy. If a sensory nerve is damaged, the client is likely to experience pain, numbness, tingling, burning, or a loss of feeling in the extremities.

A nurse is creating a plan of care for a client who has a history of tonic-clonic seizure disorder. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) Provide a suction setup at the bedside. Elevate the side rails near the head when the client is in bed. Place the bed in the lowest position. Keep an oxygen setup at the bedside. Furnish restraints at the bedside.

a, b, c, d

A nurse in an emergency department is preparing to administer alteplase accelerated therapy to a client who is having a myocardial infarction. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select all that apply.) Administer the medication within 30 min of the client's arrival to the department. Reconstitute the medication with sterile water. Administer a 15 mg IV bolus. Tell the client that the purpose of the medication is to keep a new clot from forming. Assess the client for back pain.

a, b, c, e

A nurse is caring for a client on the medical-surgical floor. The client states, "I got admitted because they said I have a really bad UTI."

conditoin: -hemorrhagic stroke actions: -STAT CT brain -seizure precautions monitor: -BP -PT/INR

A nurse is caring for a 24-year-old client who reports a recent fall, hitting their head and right shoulder. The nurse should first address the client's _____ followed by the client's_____

drowsiness right shoulder pain

Client presented to the emergency department with reports of fever and heart palpitations for two days. Client states they do not have a thermometer, but "I can tell my temperature is high." Client states "I also have these small red spots all over." Client reports fatigue and anorexia. The client is at greatest risk for developing ______ due to _______

hearing loss antibiotics

For each client finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with Parkinson's disease, stroke, and/or multiple sclerosis. Each finding can support more than one disease process.

stroke: -facial symmetry -HTN All: -cog funct -speech -mobility

An acute care nurse receives shift report for a client who has increased intracranial pressure. The nurse is told that the client demonstrates decorticate posturing. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to observe when assessing the client? Extension of the arms Pronation of the hands Plantar flexion of the legs External rotation of the lower extremities

Plantar flexion of the legs Plantar flexion of the legs is an indicator of decorticate posturing and is a result of lesions of the corticospinal tracts.

A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled to have a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. The client asks the nurse what to expect during the procedure. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? "An MRI scan is not distorted by movement, so you do not have to lie still." "An MRI scan is a short procedure and should take no longer than 30 minutes." "The MRI contrast dye contains iodine and can cause your skin to itch." "An MRI scan is very noisy, and you will be allowed to wear earplugs while in the scanner."

"An MRI scan is very noisy, and you will be allowed to wear earplugs while in the scanner." The nurse should instruct the client that many clients report being disconcerted by the loud thumping and humming noises produced by the scanner, and for that reason, earplugs are offered to reduce the discomfort.

A nurse is caring for a client who has difficulty swallowing medications and is prescribed enteric-coated aspirin PO once daily. The client asks if the medication can be crushed to make it easier to swallow. Which of the following responses should the nurse provide? "Crushing the medication might cause you to have a stomachache or indigestion." "Crushing the medication is a good idea, and I can mix it in some ice cream for you." "Crushing the medication would release all the medication at once, rather than over time." "Crushing is unsafe, as it destroys the ingredients in the medication."

"Crushing the medication might cause you to have a stomachache or indigestion." The pill is enteric-coated to prevent breakdown in the stomach and decrease the possibility of GI distress. Crushing the pill destroys that protection.

A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client who has seizures and a new prescription for phenytoin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching? "I will notify my doctor before taking any other medications." "I have made an appointment to see my dentist next week." "I know that I cannot switch brands of this medication." "I'll be glad when I can stop taking this medicine."

"I'll be glad when I can stop taking this medicine Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant used to treat various types of seizures. Clients on anticonvulsant medications commonly require them for lifetime administration, and phenytoin should not be stopped without the advice of the client's provider.."

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a female client who has neuropathy and a new prescription for gabapentin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? "Take this medication with an antacid to reduce gastric irritation." "You should take this medication with meals." "You may continue to breastfeed while taking this medication."

"You may experience drowsiness while taking this medication." The nurse should instruct the client that drowsiness can occur while taking this medication and to exercise caution while performing activities that require alertness.

A nurse is preparing to administer gabapentin 900 mg PO once daily for a client who has neuropathic pain. The amount available is gabapentin 300 mg/capsule. How many capsules should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

3 capsules

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client following an automobile crash in which the client was unrestrained and thrown from the vehicle. When assessing the client, the nurse observes clear fluid draining from the client's nose. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take? Obtain a culture of the specimen using sterile swabs. Allow the drainage to drip onto a sterile gauze pad. Suction the nose gently with a bulb syringe. Insert sterile packing into the nares.

Allow the drainage to drip onto a sterile gauze pad. The nurse should allow the drainage to drip onto a sterile gauze pad in order to assess for the presence of cerebrospinal fluid. This intervention allows for the collection of data without increasing the risk for further injury.

A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has a new prescription for a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). When the client develops a sample lunch menu, which of the following items requires intervention by the nurse? Glass of whole milk Celery sticks Bologna sandwich Sliced apples

Bologna sandwich Clients who are receiving an MAOI should avoid foods containing a high tyramine content. Bologna has a high tyramine content and should be avoided.

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client following a lumbar puncture. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? (Select all that apply.) Provide oral fluids. Monitor for nausea. Maintain fetal position. Check level of consciousness. Check sensation in the toes.

a, b, d, e

A nurse is caring for a client who has expressive aphasia following a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Which of the following parameters should the nurse use first in order to assess the client's pain level? pulse and blood pressure findings behavioral indicators and effect scheduled treatments and client illness a self-report pain rating scale

a self-report pain rating scale Expressive aphasia results from damage to an area of the frontal lobe and is a motor speech problem. The client who has expressive aphasia is able to understand what is said but is unable to communicate verbally. However, this does not necessarily mean that a client is unable to reliably report pain. Evidence-based practice indicates the nurse should first attempt to obtain the client's self- report of pain. When assessing a client for pain, the nurse should utilize the hierarchy of pain measures which begins with self-report. It is always better to use a subjective method, such as a client report, instead of an objective method, such as something that is observable by the nurse, which is much less reliable.

A client who has a history of myocardial infarction (MI) is prescribed aspirin 325 mg. The nurse recognizes that the aspirin is given due to which of the following actions of the medication? analgesic anti-inflammatory antiplatelet aggregate antipyretic

antiplatelet aggregate Aspirin is used to decrease the likelihood of blood clotting. It also is used to reduce the risk of a second heart attack or stroke by inhibiting platelet aggregation and reducing thrombus formation in an artery, a vein, or the heart.