13 Colonies & Growth of Representative Gov
Salutary Neglect
"hands off approach" Freedom of American colonists to control local matters in the colonies. Great Britain allowed this because of their distance, and because they believed it would help the colonies flourish.
Transatlantic Trade
- between American colonists (raw materials), European countries (finished goods), and Africa (slaves). Cash crops and raw materials made this system more profitable.
Quakers
- religious group that settled in Pennsylvania in order to worship freely -led by William Penn -Were pacifists (believed in nonviolence) -were anti-slavery -believed in rights for women
Massachusetts Bay Colony
- settled in 1630 (Boston) -settled by Puritans - settled to have religious freedom - not tolerant of others who disagreed with them (dissenters) -many people were kicked out for disagreeing with the Puritan style of religion (ex: Anne Hutchinson & Rogers Williams)
Characteristics of the Middle colonies
-Breadbasket -grew wheat and grains -fertile soil -Natural Harbor (New York) -Most diverse region.
Characteristics of the Southern colonies
-fertile soil -large plantations - slavery -natural harbor (Charleston, SC) -Cash crops
Characteristics of the New England colonies
-rocky soil -natural harbors (Boston) -subsistence farming -fishing -Mostly settled due to search for religious freedom
Slavery
Cash crops and plantation agriculture this system the most prominent in the Southern Colonies
Thomas Hooker
Established Connecticut, believe in order to rule, the government needed the "consent of the governed" Wrote the fundamental orders of Connecticut. Believed voting should be for all men
Georgia
Established as a home for debtors and served as a buffer colony to Spanish Florida
Magna Carta
Established the ideas of due process, limited government, and rule of law
1607
First permanent/successful English colony America. Jamestown, Va.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
First written constitution in America. Established the idea of representative government, and democracy.
Southern Colonies
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
New England Colonies
Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire
Middle Colonies
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
1620
Pilgrims led by William Bradford settle Plymouth, Massachusetts. Before leaving the ship they wrote and signed the Mayflower Compact which established self-government in the colony.
John Locke
The British philosopher inspired Americans to support natural rights such as life and liberty. Believed in the natural (inalienable rights) of man.
Charles de Montesquieu
This Frenchman inspired Americans to support a government divided into 3 branches.
William Penn
This Quaker believed in equality, embraced diversity, opposed slavery, and supported representative government in his colony.
The Great Awakening
This religious social movement inspired colonists to have religious freedom and inspired them to want a voice in government (representative government)
The Enlightenment
This social movement encouraged colonists to become knowledgeable about the world around them and inspired them to want a voice in government. (representative government)
Mercantilism
economic system in which all trade was done to benefit the mother country. (Ex: the colonist could only send their raw materials to England, and then England sold finished goods back to the colonists.)
Maryland
established by Lord Baltimore as a safe haven for catholics
Mayflower Compact
established the idea of self government
English Bill of Rights
limited the powers of the king and queen. Established limited government, and rights.
Virginia House of Burgesses
the first representative body in the American colonies. Wanted to establish self-government
Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and Charleston
these cities were major ports in the colonies due to their natural harbor
New York
this colony was established by Dutch and then taken over British due to its natural harbors.
Cash Crops of the South
tobacco, rice, cotton, and indigo