1338 Chapter 13 (Quiz 4)

If you have an epinephrine concentration of 0.1 mg/mL, how many milligrams would be present in 5 mL?

0.5mL

The most appropriate administration set to use for a patient who requires rapid fluid replacement is one that delivers 1 mL of IV fluid per:

10 drops

A 7-year-old child has swallowed a bottle of aspirin. Medical control orders you to give the child 0.5 g/kg of activated charcoal. Based on the child's weight of 45 pounds, how much charcoal will you administer?

10 g

A 44-year-old man is experiencing a ventricular dysrhythmia. Medical control orders your paramedic partner to administer 1.5 mg/kg of lidocaine to the patient, who weighs 185 pounds. Lidocaine is supplied in a concentration of 100 mg/10 mL. How many milliliters should your partner administer to this patient?

12.6 mL

Prior to administering oral glucose to your diabetic patient, you look at the dosage, which reads 15 g. How many milligrams is this equivalent to?

15,000

How many pounds does a 90-kg patient weigh?

198lbs

Which of the following IV catheters would deliver the largest volume of fluid?

1¼ in 14-gauge catheter

A severely injured patient has lost approximately 750 mL of blood. What is the appropriate volume of crystalloid solution to administer to the patient?

2,250 mL

Once the protective wrap is removed from a bag of IV fluid, the fluid must be used:

24 hours

You are performing an interfacility transfer of a patient that will take approximately 15 minutes. The patient has an IV line of normal saline set at a rate of 125 mL/hr. What is the approximate total fluid amount this patient will receive during the transport?

30 ml

A 40-year-old female requires a medication to decrease her heart rate. The medication to be administered is supplied in a prefilled syringe in a concentration of 6 mg/2 mL. How many milliliters are required to achieve a dose of 12 mg?

4 mL

You have set an IV to deliver 250 mL of normal saline over 3 hours using microdrip tubing. How much fluid are you delivering every 30 minutes?

42 mL

A patient with congestive heart failure requires medication administration. Which of the following IV solutions would be most appropriate to use?

5% dextrose in water

A 68-year-old female with unstable bradycardia requires 0.5 mg of atropine. Your paramedic partner opens a prefilled syringe of atropine containing 1 mg/10 mL. How many milliliters should be administered to the patient?

5mL

A microdrip administration set features a small, needle-like orifice inside the drip chamber and delivers:

60 gtt/mL.

What is the approximate weight in kilograms of a 155-lb patient?

70 kg

Which of the following is a systemic complication associated with IV therapy?

Air embolus

Which of the following techniques is appropriate when cannulating a vein?

Apply traction to the vein and insert the needle with the bevel side up at a 45° angle.

You respond to a residence where a 5-year-old male has ingested an unknown substance. Upon arrival at the scene, the child's mother tells you that her son swallowed approximately 20 Tylenol capsules. What is the most logical way of determining how much this child weighs?

Ask the mother if she knows the weight of her son.

Which of the following is a major anion in the body?

Chloride

Which of the following formulas is correct for converting a patient's weight in pounds to his or her weight in kilograms?

Divide the patient's weight in pounds by 2 and subtract 10%.

Which of the following would be least likely to result in overhydration?

Excessive GI drainage

In addition to administering supplemental oxygen, what is the most appropriate management for a patient with circulatory overload caused by excessive IV fluid administration?

Head elevated, medical control notified

_______ fluid accounts for approximately 16% of the body's total weight.

Interstitial

The majority of the body's potassium is found within the:

Intracellular fluid

What is the most significant drawback to cannulating a scalp vein in a child with a butterfly catheter?

It does not allow for rapid fluid administration.

What role does phosphorus play in the body?

It is an important component in the formation of adenosine triphosphate.

Filtration, a type of diffusion, is commonly used to clean the blood via the:

Kidneys

Which of the following is the smallest unit of weight?

Microgram

Which of the following potential complications of IV therapy are you least likely to encounter in the prehospital setting?

Phlebitis

You respond to a call for an unresponsive diabetic. Upon arrival, you find a 23-year-old female unresponsive on her couch. During your assessment, you determine that her blood glucose level is 38 mg/dL. You attempt to start an IV, but are unsuccessful after several attempts. Which of the following routes could be used to administer 50% dextrose?

Rectal

You are transporting a patient with an IV of D 5W. Which of the following signs would be atypical of infiltration?

Redness around the IV site

A 66-year-old male with congestive heart failure presents with pulmonary edema and difficulty breathing. His blood pressure is 180/90 mm Hg and his pulse rate is 110 beats/min and irregular. When starting an IV, which of the following, if available, would be most appropriate for this patient?

Saline lock

Which of the following electrolytes is essential for the distribution of water throughout the body?

Sodium

Which of the following statements regarding subcutaneous injections is correct?

Subcutaneous injections are usually given with a 24-gauge to 26-gauge needle

After inserting the needle into the injection port of a saline lock, you pull back on the plunger and observe blood return in the syringe. You should next:

administer the medication and observe for infiltration.

The term "bolus" is defined as:

administering a drug in one mass of volume.

A breakable glass container that is designed to carry a single medication dose is called a(n):

ampule.

Factors that can cause an insufficient or absent flow of fluid through an IV line include:

an IV bag that is placed too low.

Third spacing is defined as:

an abnormal fluid shift into the serous linings of the body.

An over-the-needle catheter is commonly referred to as a(n)

angiocath.

An ion that has an overall positive charge is called a(n):

cation

A hypertonic solution is one that:

draws fluid and electrolytes out of the cell.

You have inserted an IV catheter into a vein in a patient's hand and have secured the IV line appropriately. You assess the flow of the IV and note that it is not flowing. You should first:

ensure that the constricting band has been released.

Sclerosis of a vein is caused by:

frequent cannulation.

A solution that hydrates the cells while depleting the vascular compartment is referred to as being:

hypertonic

A solution that has a greater concentration of sodium than the cell is referred to as being:

hypertonic.

A 50-year-old patient complains of abdominal muscle cramps and spasms of his hands. Which of the following electrolyte disturbances does this patient most likely have?

hypocalcemia

The purpose of a constricting band when starting an IV is to:

increase venous pressure at the puncture site.

Reconstituting a drug, such as glucagon, involves:

injecting liquid from one vial into another vial that already contains powder.

Actions taken after administering a medication to a patient include all of the following, except:

inquiring about drug allergies.

An anion is an:

ion with an overall negative charge

Five percent dextrose in water (D 5W) is an isotonic solution until it:

is administered to a patient.

When choosing an IV site on an elderly patient, you should:

know that varicose veins allow minimal circulation.

An isotonic solution is one that causes:

no change in the shape of the cell.

Shortly after starting an IV on a patient with a possible femur fracture, the patient experiences a sudden onset of shortness of breath and develops cyanosis. After reassessing airway patency and breathing adequacy, you should position the patient

on the left side with the head down.

When attaching an administration set to a bag of IV fluid and priming the IV tubing, you should ensure that the drip chamber is:

one half full.

Other than oxygen, prior to administering any medication to a patient, you must take standard precautions and then:

perform a careful assessment of the patient.

You have attempted to cannulate a vein in a patient's hand; however, shortly after inserting the IV catheter, the vein infiltrates. You should:

search for a vein in the opposite extremity.

When administered to a normally hydrated patient, normal saline will:

stay in the intravascular space.

Prior to administering an oral medication to a patient, you must:

take standard precautions.

Unlike IM or SC injections, intravenously administered drugs rapidly affect the body because:

they bypass most barriers to drug absorption.

A stable patient requires an IV line in the event that medication therapy is needed. When selecting the appropriate vein, you should first attempt to cannulate the:

vein on the hand.

If used in pediatric patients, butterfly catheters are commonly placed in the:

veins of the scalp.

Which of the following is not a crystalloid?

whole blood

When administering a medication via the intranasal route with a mucosal atomizer device, it is important to remember that:

you must spray half of the medication dose into each nostril.