13a psychological disorders

As compared with its prevalence among girls, the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among boys is:

2 times as frequent.

_____ disorder is characterized by symptoms of unexplained and continually tense and uneasy feelings.

Generalized anxiety

Until 1973, homosexuality was classified as an illness by the American _____ Association.

Psychiatric

According to the DSM-5, which symptom would NOT be required to be diagnosed with insomnia disorder?

a lack of distress or impairment in everyday functioning

Thoughts, memories, interpretations, and expectations are collectively referred to as:

cognition

Lenore is continually tense and plagued by muscle tension, sleeplessness, and an inability to concentrate. Lenore MOST likely suffers from _____ disorder.

generalized anxiety

A large pharmaceutical company is conducting a clinical trial for a new antidepressant to treat major depressive disorder. The company is concerned with the efficacy and safety of the new medication. Its perspective is MOST in line with the _____ model.

medical

Helena believes that people with psychological disorders are suffering from diseases that have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and sometimes even cured. Helena believes in the _____ model of psychological disorders.

medical

Michael is extremely fearful of germs. He sleeps in a special chamber at night, wears gloves, and will only eat food that he can unwrap. His symptoms are MOST characteristic of _____ disorder.

obsessive-compulsive

Warren is extremely fearful of germs. He sleeps in a special chamber at night, wears gloves, and will only eat food that he can unwrap. His symptoms are MOST characteristic of _____ disorder.

obsessive-compulsive

Without success, Maxine spends hours each day trying to suppress the intrusive worry that she may have forgotten to lock her house when she left for work. Her experience is MOST symptomatic of _____ disorder.

obsessive-compulsive

Thirty-five-year-old Aria needs to have her blood taken. She is so distraught by this that she must mentally prepare herself for it as well as take a short-acting sedative. Aria seems to be suffering from a(n) _____

phobia

Stella has been diagnosed with panic disorder and refuses to leave her home without her husband. She fears any situation in which she cannot escape or find help when a panic attack strikes. Stella suffers not only from panic disorder but also from _____.

agoraphobia

Of the perspectives on anxiety disorders discussed in the text, the _____ perspective is MOST likely to emphasize hypervigilance toward anxiety-related stimuli.

cognitive

Elsa is a 50-year-old teacher who is openly gay. According to the American Psychiatric Association (APA), Elsa's homosexuality:

is not classified as an illness.

When the brain's danger detection system becomes too active, the risk for _____ does NOT increase.

major depressive disorder

Autism and Asperger's syndrome are now considered to be _____ in the DSM-5.

one combined disorder

Several times in the past two months, Petra has experienced a racing heart, intense fear that something horrible is about to happen, and an inability to breathe. Petra MOST likely is suffering from _____ disorder.

panic

At one time, disordered people were simply warehoused in asylums. Asylums have been replaced with psychiatric hospitals, where attempts are made to diagnose and cure people suffering from psychological disorders. This BEST illustrates one of the beneficial consequences of:

the medical model.