15-

A measure of reliability that is a statistical measure of how many failures 3 component will have over1 billion hours of operation is called

failures in time

A(n) is defined as the organizational structure, responsibilities, procedures, processes, and resources for implementing quality management.

quality assurance system

_____ encompasses the degree to which a design meets the functions and features specified in the requirements model.

quality of design

Identify the model that helps to define the level of review formality.

reference model

At the end of a review meeting, the reviewer records and summarizes the problems raised in the meeting and produces a(n) _____ _____ _____

review issues list

Identify the benefits provided by high-quality software products for the end-user community.

Availability of information is improved. Better profitability is achieved when an application supports a business process. Software product revenue is greater.

How can an organization understand the cost of quality?

By providing a comparison between current costs and opportunities to reduce the cost of quality By providing a baseline for the present cost of quality By identifying chances for reducing costs

Identify the subattributes of reliability.

Fault tolerance Maturity Recoverability

Which of the following are umbrella activities?

Change management Technical reviews

Which of the following are external failure costs?

Complaint resolution and help line support Product return and replacement Labor costs associated with warranty work

Identify the attributes of the requirement quality goal.

Completeness Ambiguity Understandability

Identify the attributes of the design quality goal from the following-

Component completeness Architectural integrity Interface complexity

Identify the most commonly used process framework standards used in software quality assurance.

ISO 9000 standards CMMI standards

_____ costs are incurred when an error in a product is detected prior to shipment.

Internal failure

Identify the activities that are performed by an independent software quality assurance group.

Reviews software engineering activities to verify compliance with the defined software process. Participates in the development of the project's software process description. Prepares a software quality assurance plan for a project.

Software quality assurance encompasses concerns and activities that focus on the management of software quality. Identify these concerns.

Safety Educafion

Software quality assurance encompasses a broad range of concerns and activities that focus on the management of software quality. Identify these activities and concerns from the following.

Testing Standards Reviews and audits

Identify the benefits provided by high-quality software products for the software organization.

They reduce the number of bugs to be fixed. They reduce the need for customer support. They reduce the effort required for maintaining software.

Software quality assurance (SQA) encompasses _.

a procedure to ensure compliance with software development standards control of all software work products and the changes made to them effective software engineering practice

Software engineers address quality (and perform quality control activities) by _.

applying solid technical methods and measures conducting technical reviews performing well-planned software testing

The requirements delineated by ISO 9001:2015 address topics such as _.

contract review management responsibility quality system

In a software process, the term _ implies a quality problem that is discovered after the software has been released to end users.

defect

__ __ makes the following argument—an error introduced early in the software engineering work flow and undetected can and often will be amplified into multiple errors during design.

defect amplification

___ ___ is a term used to describe the impact an undiscovered error has on future development activities or product behavior.

defect propagation

In the context of analyzing metrics, __ __ represents the errors found per unit of work product reviewed.

error density

Correctness, reliability, integrity, efficiency, and usability focus on _____.

the operational characteristics of a software product

During the sprint planning meeting, _ _ are reviewed and ordered according to priority, before selecting them to include in the next sprint.

user stories

Choose the attribute and quality goal of the metric "design factors."

Attribute: Maintainability; Goal: Code quality

Program X is estimated to have a reliability of 0.837 over eight elapsed processing hours. If program X is to be executed 1000 times and require a total of 8 hours of elapsed processing time (execution time), it is likely to operate correctly (without failure) for _ times.

837

ldentify the decisions that must be taken by all attendees of the formal technical review at the end of each review-

Accept the product without further modification. Reject the product due to severe errors. Accept the product provisionally.

In Six Sigma ideology, identify the core steps that are augmented when an organization is developing a software process (rather than improving an existing process).

Design the process to meet customer requirements. Design the process to avoid the root causes of defects.

The total review effort and the total number of errors discovered are defined as .

Ereview : p a r Errtot= Errminor+ Errmajor

Which of the following software quality factors focus on a product's revision?

Flexibility Testability

The figure represents data collection for statistical software quality assurance. Identify the vital few causes that account for 53 percent of all errors.

Incomplete or erroneous specifications Misinterpretation of customer communication Error in data representation

In statistical software quality assurance, which step is applied before an attempt is made to trace each error and defect to its underlying cause?

Information about software errors and defects is collected and categorized.

Identify the benefits of developing a checklist for each product that is likely to be reviewed.

It helps each reviewer to focus on important issues. It helps the review leader to structure a formal technical review meeting.

If mean time between failure = MTBF, mean time to failure = MTTF, and mean time to repair = MTI'R, identify the correct equation from the following.

MTBF = MTI'F + MTI'R

Identify the review metrics that are collected for each review conducted.Bug severityMajor errors foundMinor errors foundModule name

Major errors found Minor errors found

Which of the following views defines quality in terms of the original specification of a product?

Manufacturer's view

Quality assurance systems cover a wide variety of activities encompassing a product's entire life cycle. Identify these activities.

Measuring Controlling Testing

Identify the subattributes of maintainability.

Modifiability Testability Modularity

Identify the metric of the understandability attribute of the requirement quality goal.

Number of sections/subsections

Identify the analysis techniques that can be used to predict the chain of events that can cause hazards and the probability that each of the events will occur to create the chain.

Petri net models Fault tree analysis Real-time logic

Identify the review metric that requires an effort to review a work product prior to the actual review meeting.

Preparation effort

_____ include the cost of management activities required to plan and coordinate all quality control and quality assurance activities.

Prevention costs

Identify the different types of cost of quality.

Prevention costs Appraisal costs Failure costs

Identify the factors on which the training for all reviewers should stress.

Process-related issues Human psychological side of reviews

Identify the responsibilities of the software quality assurance group.

Quality assurance reporting Quality assurance planning Quality assurance oversight Quality assurance record keeping

Identify the subattributes of portability.

Replaceability Installability Adaptability

Identify the internal failure costs.

The cost required to perform rework (repair) to correct an error The cost that occurs when rework inadvertently generates side effects that must be mitigated The costs associated with the collection of quality metrics that allow an organization to assess the modes of failure

How does the use of higher-grade materials contribute to the quality of a design?

The design quality of a product is increased. A tighter tolerance is specified. A greater level of performance is specified.

An effective software process applied in a manner that creates a useful product that provides measurable value for those who produce it and those who use it is defined as .

software quality

List the objectives of a formal technical review.

To make projects more manageable To ensure that the software has been represented according to predefined standards To achieve software that is developed in a uniform manner

Software quality assurance encompasses a broad range of concerns and activities that focus on the management of software quality. Choose these activities and concerns from the following.

Vendor management Risk management Safety Security management

Appraisal costs include test planning costs and the cost of added technical activities to develop complete requirements and design models.

false

Identify the categories of software that are acquired from external software vendors.

shell shrink contract

The activity that focuses on the identification and assessment of potential hazards that may affect software negatively and cause an entire system to fail is called _ _ management , Incorrect Unavailable activity.

software safety