15 notecards Iranian Hostage Crisis

http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/Middleeastweb/factfile/Unique-facts-MiddleEast9.htm

The 6 Americans refuge at the Canadian and Swedish embassies, under the hospitality of Canadian Ambassador Ken Taylor. Mark Lijek, Cora Amburn Lijek, Joseph Stafford, Kathleen Stafford, Robert Anders and Henry Lee Schatz were then given fake Canadian passports so they were able to leave the Canadian Embassy, without being identified as Americans, after it had closed on January 20,1980. The CIA actually supplied the passports.

http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/27/world/ac-six-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-iran-hostage-crisis/

The Embassy that was attacked in Tehran, actually warned Washington that they were going to be attacked. Some of the captives were even tortured. Many of the Americans in the Embassy were not a big fan of President Carter for letting the Shah into the country.

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/272687/Iran-hostage-crisis

The United States bolstered its position by refusing to purchase Iranian oil, by freezing billions of dollars of Iranian assets in the United States, and by engaging throughout the crisis in a vigorous campaign of international diplomacy against the Iranians.

http://www.historyguy.com/iran-us_hostage_crisis.html#.VNQnE1XF-nQ

The United States's immediate reaction was to halt oil exports from Iran, and expelled many Iranians living in the U.S. The negotiations went on forever, but the moment Reagan took the oath they were released after 444 days.

http://www.historyguy.com/iran-us_hostage_crisis.html#.VNQnE1XF-nQ

The hostility between Iran and the U.S.A. continues to this day. Mainly just because they thought the Americans were trying to make the Shah better, and then they would return him to power.

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/carter-hostage-crisis/

The popular movement against the Shah grew until January 16, 1979, when he fled to Egypt. The Shah had cancer, but President Carter didn't want to let him enter the U.S., because bad things may happen to American's in Iran.

http://www.whha.org/whha_classroom/classroom_9-12-transitions-carter.html

The scene was the Oval Office. In just hours this president would leave it for good, and a new leader, Ronald Reagan, would move in. As the clock ticked the time away, Carter tried to resolve a crisis that had almost destroyed his presidency. He was close, very close, and as he said, "At stake were the lives of 52 precious human beings who had been imprisoned in Iran for 444 days-and almost 12 billion dollars of Iranian assets."

http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/argo_2012

There was a movie made after this major event, it was named Argo, it is actually a good movie, which helps explain the Iranian Hostage Crisis.

http://www.history.com/topics/iran-hostage-crisis

This event ruined President Carter's presidency and no one wanted to vote for him again, because he handled this contact with a foreign country terribly.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/picture_gallery/04/middle_east_iran_hostage_crisis/html/1.stm

Thousands of protestors stood around the Embassy, responding to a call by the new leader, Khomeini, Khomeini was a guy who wanted the best for Iran. 6 Americans working at the Embassy managed to escape, and they stayed at other embassies.

http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/Middleeastweb/factfile/Unique-facts-MiddleEast9.htm

A second rescue attempt was planned using highly modified YMC-130H Hercules aircraft. Outfitted with rocket motors fore and aft to allow an extremely short landing and take-off in a soccer stadium, three aircraft were modified under a rushed super-secret program known as Credible Sport. One aircraft crashed during a demonstration at Duke Field, Florida (Eglin Air Force Base Auxiliary Field 3) on October 29, 1980 when the landing braking rockets were fired too soon causing a hard touchdown that tore off the starboard wing and started a fire. Fortunately, all on board survived.

http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/iran-hostage-crisis.html

After the election, with the assistance of Algerian intermediaries, successful negotiations began. On Jan. 20, 1981, the day of President Reagan's inauguration, the United States released almost $8 billion in Iranian assets and the hostages were freed after 444 days in Iranian detention; the agreement gave Iran immunity from lawsuits arising from the incident.

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/short-history/iraniancrises

Although patient diplomacy conducted by Deputy Secretary Warren Christopher eventually resolved the crisis, Carter's foreign policy team often seemed weak and vacillating.

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/carter-hostage-crisis/

Carter approved a high-risk rescue operation named desert one, but due to three helicopters malfunctioning, and one crashed into a plane when taking off, about 8 soldiers were killed, and the next day the Iranians broadcasted the wreckage and laughed in America's face at their poor try.

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/272687/Iran-hostage-crisis

Earlier, on November 17, Khomeini had ordered the release of 13 hostages, all women or African Americans, on the grounds that they were unlikely to be spies (another hostage, who became gravely ill, was released on July 11, 1980, producing the final number of 52 hostages).

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/carter-hostage-crisis/

Ever since oil had been found in Iran, it had become a big point of interest for the West. The U.S. didn't play a major role at the start but they advocated for a young kind, but when he might've moved Iran closer to Moscow, the CIA got him out and brought in the Shah.

http://www.voanews.com/content/former-iran-hostages-caught-in-waiting-game/2500990.html

For 14 months, the young Marine and many of the others endured interrogations, beatings and more brutality. Hermening recalled being pistol-whipped, and having his hands and feet bound. After a failed escape attempt, he spent 43 days in solitary confinement.

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/272687/Iran-hostage-crisis

In October 1979 the U.S. State Department was informed that the deposed Iranian monarch required medical treatment that his aides claimed was available only in the United States; U.S. authorities, in turn, informed the Iranian prime minister, Mehdi Bazargan, of the shah's impending arrival on American soil. Bazargan, in light of the February attack, guaranteed the safety of the U.S. embassy and its staff.

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/carter-hostage-crisis/

Nothing much had happened over the summer, but when it was time for the election, Carter spent all night negotiating, but minutes after Reagan was voted as President, the Iranians released them.

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/272687/Iran-hostage-crisis

On November 12 acting Iranian foreign minister Abolhasan Bani-Sadr indicated that the hostages would be released if the United States ceased interfering in Iranian affairs, if the shah was returned to Iran for trial, and if assets in the possession of the shah were declared stolen property.

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/carter-hostage-crisis/

On November 4th 1979, a group of angry Islamic Revolutionaries overtook the U.S. Embassy taking over 60 Americans.

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/carter-hostage-crisis/

When Iranians overran the Embassy in 1979, it wasn't clear what exactly they wanted. However, they did want something, they wanted the Shah to return and be put on trial along with the billions of dollars the Shah stole from Iran.

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/short-history/iraniancrises

While the courage of the American hostages in Tehran and of their families at home reflected the best tradition of the Department of State, the Iran hostage crisis undermined Carter's conduct of foreign policy.