16.4-16.9

After brain surgery, a patient receiving postoperative care in an intensive care unit began to pass large volumes of very dilute urine. Therefore, The ICU nurse administered a medicine that mimics one of the following hormones. Which one? ANSWER: ADH epinephrine aldosterone renin cortisol

a

Liver cells respond to growth hormone by releasing hormones called ANSWER: somatomedins. gonadotrophins. hepatic hormones. glucocorticoids. prostaglandins.

a

The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in testes is ANSWER: FSH. LH. GH. TSH. ACTH.

a

The two lobes of the pituitary gland together produce how many hormones? ANSWER: 9 3 7 16 5

a

When blood glucose levels rise, ANSWER: insulin is released. protein synthesis decreases. glucagon is released. peripheral cells break down glycogen. peripheral cells take up less glucose.

a

Alpha cells are to ________ as beta cells are to ________. ANSWER: glucagon; somatostatin glucagon; insulin somatostatin; insulin insulin; glucagon pancreatic polypeptide; insulin

b

Changes in blood osmotic pressure would most affect the secretion of ANSWER: ACTH. ADH. TSH. oxytocin. LH.

b

Identify the hormone labeled "4." ANSWER: thyroid-releasing hormone thyroid-stimulating hormone thyroxin thyrotropin calcitonin

b

Reduction of fluid losses at the kidneys due to the retention of Na+ is the action of ANSWER: calcitonin. aldosterone. antidiuretic hormone. cortisone. oxytocin.

b

The exocrine portion of the pancreas produces ANSWER: glucagon. digestive enzymes. insulin. bile. somatotropin.

b

The pituitary hormone that promotes ovarian secretion of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone is ANSWER: GH. LH. ACTH. TSH. FSH.

b

A hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is ANSWER: thyroxine. glucagon. calcitonin. parathyroid hormone. oxytocin.

c

A rise in cortisol would cause an increase in each of the following, except ANSWER: the rate of glucose synthesis by the liver. the rate of glycogen formation by the liver. ACTH levels. the level of fatty acids in the blood. fatty acid metabolism by muscle cells.

c

The adrenal medulla produces the hormones ANSWER: norcortisol and cortisol. synephrine and neosynephrine. epinephrine and norepinephrine. corticosterone and testosterone. androgens and progesterone.

c

The hormone that plays a pivotal role in setting the metabolic rate and thus impacting body temperature is ANSWER: somatotropin. glucagon. thyroxine. calcitonin. parathyroid hormone

c

When blood glucose levels fall, ANSWER: glucagon is released and protein synthesis increases. protein synthesis increases. glucagon is released. peripheral cells take up more glucose. insulin is released.

c

The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar to enter its target cells is ANSWER: glucagon. somatotropin. erythropoietin. insulin. cortisol.

d

The targets for insulin is (are) ANSWER: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells. adipocytes. liver cells. all of the above none of the above

d

A hormone that helps to regulate the sodium ion content of the body is ANSWER: parathormone. cortisol. thymosin. somatotropin. aldosterone.

e

Shelly has a hormone-secreting tumor of the adrenal gland. The tumor is causing her to have a deep voice, to grow extensive body hair, and to stop menstruating. This tumor probably involves cells of the ANSWER: pars intermedia. adrenal medulla. zona fasciculata. zona glomerulosa. zona reticularis.

e

The hormone that does the opposite of calcitonin is ANSWER: glucagon. insulin. thyroid hormone. growth hormone. parathyroid hormone.

e

The hormone(s) that may be slowly administered by intravenous drip to accelerate labor and delivery is (are) ANSWER: luteinizing hormone. just extra fluids. oxytocin and luteinizing hormone. prolactin. oxytocin.

e

The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth and replication by accelerating protein synthesis is ANSWER: MSH. prolactin. ACTH. insulin. growth hormone.

e

Where does the chemical reaction between thyroglobulin and iodine take place? ANSWER: in pinocytotic vesicles in rough endoplasmic reticulum in lysosomes in apical microvilli in the lumen of the thyroid follicle

e

Which of the following organs contain target cells for oxytocin? ANSWER: prostate ductus deferens mammary glands uterus all of the above

e