19

If a tumor suppressor gene becomes mutated, which of the following is not true?

A "gain-of function" mutation has occurred.

What was the name of the first gene associated with breast cancer?

BRCA1

What do BRCA1 and RB have in common?

Both are tumor suppressors.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of cancer cells that distinguishes it from normal cells?

Cancer cells utilize mitosis to divide.

Which of the following dietary changes will not reduce your risk of developing cancer?

Decrease your consumption of high-fiber foods.

A carcinogen is not a mutagen.

False

Antiangiogenic drugs cause cytotoxic T cells to attack tumor cells.

False

Cancer is a single disease that affects one in three Americans.

False

Epstein-Barr virus is routinely isolated from cases of cervical cancers.

False

If the gene for telomerase is turned off in a cell, this is an indication this is a cancer cell.

False

If you have one of the seven warning signals in CAUTION, this means that you have cancer.

False

If you receive the new vaccine against HPV, then you do not need to get Pap tests anymore.

False

Tumor suppressor genes are often likened to the gas pedal of a car.

False

Which of the following is not a protective behavior that will help prevent cancer?

Increase consumption of salt-cured, smoked, and nitrite-cured foods.

Which type of test is particularly useful in analyzing tumors in tissues surrounded by bone?

MRI

Which of the following characteristics is not associated with metastasis?

The low oxygen content in the middle of a tumor may turn on genes for angiogenesis.

Both heredity and environmental risk factors come into play in the development of cancer.

True

Melacine, used against melanoma, is a type of cancer vaccine.

True

Thus far no evidence has been found that nonionizing radiation, such as the energy given off by cell phones, causes cancer.

True

Which of the following is not one of the seven warning signs?

a cut that bleeds

Which of the following is not one of the things to watch for in a mole?

a solid color, usually brown

What type of test is a CEA test?

a tumor marker test

A mole becomes suspicious when it is greater than 6 mm in diameter. How big is 6 mm approximately?

about the size of a pencil eraser

Which of the following is not a type of immunotherapy?

anti-p53 engineered adenovirus

Which of the following is not found in tobacco smoke?

asbestos

Which of the following tests is not used to screen for colon cancer?

blood test

Which of the following is not a type of chemotherapy?

bone marrow transplants

The American Cancer Society publicizes seven warning signals, which spell out the word CAUTION. The "C" in CAUTION stands for change in

bowel or bladder habits.

Which is responsible for more cancer deaths in women: breast, colon and rectum, pancreas, or ovary?

breast

Cancers of epithelial tissues are called

carcinomas

A Pap test looks for what type of cancer?

cervical cancer

Unfortunately, the cancer in Ted's body had spread to multiple sites. Which is the most viable treatment option to handle Ted's cancer?

chemotherapy

Proto-oncogenes

code for proteins that promote the cell cycle.

Which of the following is not a stage in carcinogenesis?

differentiation

Which two tests are done for prostate cancer?

digital rectal examination, PSA

Which of the following is a side effect of radiation therapy that is not also a side effect of chemotherapy?

dry, red, irritated skin and/or blisters

A benign tumor is not dangerous because it cannot metastasize.

false

Currently most cancers are diagnosed before metastasis.

false

If you only inherit one mutated copy of BRCA1 and the other copy is normal, you will not develop breast cancer.

false

In the case of a proto-oncogene like RET, both copies of the gene must be mutated to increase a predisposition to cancer.

false

Melanoma is the most serious form of skin cancer.

false

When the p53 gene is overexpressed in normal cells, the cells are killed.

false

What type of screening test could be used to determine the likelihood that someone might develop cancer?

genetic test

Which of the following is not a standard therapy for cancer treatment?

immunotherapy

When should screening for colorectal cancer begin?

in 50s

What type of cancer causes the most deaths in males?

lung and bronchus

Hodgkin lymphomas develop from

mutated B cells.

How often should a woman do a shower self-examination of her breasts for lumps, knots, or changes?

once a month

Taxol is used to treat what type of cancer?

ovarian cancer

What is the most common cancer found in males?

prostate

Which is responsible for more cancer deaths in women: breast, colon and rectum, pancreas, or ovary?

prostate

Which treatment does not work for leukemia?

surgery

The ends of the chromosomes are "capped" with special repetitive DNA sequences called

telomeres.

Which of the following is not a type of proto-oncogene?

the gene for p53

Ionizing radiation both causes cancer and can be used to treat cancer.

true

The earlier a cancer is detected, the more likely it can be effectively treated.

true

Which of the following is not a type of ionizing radiation?

ultraviolet radiation

Contact inhibition means that

when cells come in contact with a neighbor, they stop dividing.

How many Americans will deal with cancer in their lifetime?

1 in 3

What is the survival rate for children with childhood leukemia?

80%