[1S-MIDTERMS] General Physics 1 - Module 1
Mass
(SI Fundamental Units) A measure of the amount of matter in an object
Temperature
(SI Fundamental Units) A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system.
Amount of Substance
(SI Fundamental Units) A measure of the size of elementary entities (such as atoms, molecules and electrons, along with other particles)
Time
(SI Fundamental Units) A measured or a measurable period
Length
(SI Fundamental Units) A physical measurement of distance
Luminous Intensity
(SI Fundamental Units) Amount of light that a point source radiates in a given direction
Electric Current
(SI Fundamental Units) The rate at which charge flows through a surface
centi
(What Unit Prefix?) C
deca
(What Unit Prefix?) Da
giga
(What Unit Prefix?) G
deci
(What Unit Prefix?) d
hecto
(What Unit Prefix?) h
kilo
(What Unit Prefix?) k
mega
(What Unit Prefix?) m
milli
(What Unit Prefix?) m
nano
(What Unit Prefix?) n
pico
(What Unit Prefix?) p
tera
(What Unit Prefix?) t
micro
(What Unit Prefix?) 𝛍
small
A _____ standard deviation means that most of the measurements are close to their average.
large
A _____ standard deviation means that the measurements are very diverse.
small
A _____ variance indicates that the values are close to one another, which means they are precise.
zero
A variance of _____ means that all measurements are identical.
Electromagnetism
Deals with phenomena associated with electrical charges, magnetism, and their relationship.
Acoustics
Deals with properties, transmissions, and propagation of sound waves.
Particle Physics
Deals with the building blocks of matter
Thermodynamics
Deals with the phenomena associated with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy.
Nuclear Physics
Deals with the properties and reactions within the atomic nucleus
Mechanics
Deals with the study of forces acting on bodies whether at rest or in motion
General Relativity
Deals with the study of law of gravitation and its relation to other forces of nature.
Optics
Deals with the study of light and its properties
Quantum Mechanics
Deals with the study of the behavior of matter and light, on the atomic and subatomic scale.
Special Relativity
Deals with the study of the elementary particles and their interactions. (Gravity is absent)
Reaction time
Error caused if a measurement relies on your reaction time, then you may react too early or too late by different amounts of time. (Example: pressing the stopwatch button)
Zero error
Error caused if a piece of equipment has an offset (Example: a digital balance shows a reading that is not zero when there is nothing on it).
Scale error
Error caused if a piece of equipment is not calibrated correctly.
Parallax error
Error caused if an experimenter's eye is not aligned with a pointer in a scale, the angle at which he/she views it will affect the reading.
Measurement errors
Error caused if you are measuring something that falls between two markings on a scale (You cannot measure its precise value so you just simply round it up or down)
Vector Quantities
Examples: Displacement Velocity Weight Acceleration Force Impulse Friction Momentum Gravity
Scalar Quantities
Examples: Distance Speed Mass Energy Density Power Length, Area, Volume Time Temperature Work Pressure
Fundamental quantity
Fundamental quantities are basic quantities which are independent of one another.
Physics
It is the branch of science that deals with the fundamentals laws of nature and properties of matter, force, and energy. It is defined as the study of matter and energy and their interactions.
International System of Units
It is the system of units that is generally used in almost all parts of the world which was agreed and approved by the General Conference on Weights and Measures.
physica
Latin word which means "natural thing"
Modern Physics
Physics after 1900's
Classical Physics
Physics before 1900's
mole
SI unit for amount of substance
ampere
SI unit for electric current
meter
SI unit for length
candela
SI unit for luminous intensity
kilogram
SI unit for mass
kelvin
SI unit for temperature
second
SI unit for time
square root
The standard deviation is simply the _____ _____ of the variance.
Errors arising from the environment
These are errors brought by the environment such as air pressure, temperature, humidity, vibrations, noise, or other conditions that may affect the measuring instrument.
Classical and modern
Two major classifications of physics
May 20
World Metrology Day
Relative uncertainty
a.k.a. relative error
International System of Units
abbreviated as SI units from the French origin Sytème International
Percent error
also called as the percentage error
Scientific notation
also called exponential notation
Systematic errors
also called systematic bias
Uncertainty
also known as margin of error
Derived quantity
are combinations of fundamental quantities.
Random errors
are defined as variations in the measured data due to the precision limitations and other external factors beyond the control of the person doing the measurement. usually result from the experimenter's inability to take the same measurement in exactly the same way to get exact the same number. Increasing the number of trials of a measurement and averaging the results can reduce errors.
Vector Quantities
are physical quantities that has both magnitude and direction.
Scalar Quantities
are physical quantities that has only magnitude.
Derived units
are products or ratios of the base or fundamental units.
Unit Prefixes
are specifiers placed before a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or a fraction of a quantity.
Scientific notation
is a convenient way of writing values using the power of ten notation wherein we can determine the number of significant digits as well as the place value of the digit.
Standard deviation
is a measure of how far each measurement (experimental value) is from the mean.
Uncertainty
is characterized as the dispersion of the values that is associated with the result of the measurement. It is also known as margin of error
Percent error
is defined as an expression of the difference between a measured value and the known or accepted value. It is usually considered in judging the accuracy of a measurement.
Precision
is defined as closeness of two or more measurements to each other. It is the amount of consistency of independent
Accuracy
is defined as how close a measured value to a true or accepted value.
Physics
is derived from the Latin word *physica*, which means "natural thing"
Systematic errors
is the consistent repeatable error associated with faulty equipment or a flawed experimental design
Error
is the difference between the actual value and the calculated value of any physical quantity.
Cubit
is the distance between the tip of the middle finger (outstretched) and the elbow
Hand span
is the distance between the tip of the thumb and the tip of the pinky finger of a fully stretched hand
Fathom
is the length of the outstretched arms.
Measurement
is the process of comparing a particular value with a standard value.
Absolute uncertainty
is the range of measurements in which the true value of a measurement likely lies. It carries the same units as the measurement itself.
Relative uncertainty
is used to calculate the uncertainty of a of a measurement compared to the size of the measurement.
Percent Difference
is used when comparing two experimental results and it measures how far apart the two measured values are from each other.
Variance
measures the average degree to which each point differs from the mean. It measures how far/ spread the values are from each other.
English System
system of unit that is also known as the fps system (foot-pound-second)
Metric System
system of units that has two variations namely: mks (meter-kilogram-second) cgs (centimeter-gram-second)
Metrology
the science of measurements
Physical Quantities
these are quantities in physics that can be measured or quantified.
Physical Quantities
these quantities consist of a numerical value (magnitude) and a unit of measurement
International System of Units
which is commonly known as the metric system, is the International Standard for measurement
