2-4 New Netherlands and Pennsylvania

3 colonies/regions.

Southern, New England, Middle

How did Penn's attitudes and actions toward the Native Americans differ from those of the Puritans?

Unlike the Puritans, William Penn believed in treating the Native Americans as friends not their owners. Penn had the desire to gain the trust, love, and respect of the Native Americans. Whereas Puritan groups sought no effort into helping or protecting them.

In what ways do the Puritan and Quaker meeting houses resemble each other? In what ways are they different?

At Quaker meeting houses, men and women were given the right to talk, but they had to sit and enter through different sides of the building. Whereas in Puritan households, also used for town meetings, the main speaker stood on pulpit's and instructed the listeners to think about societies common good. This is very similar to the Quaker meeting house. Both the Puritans and Quakers spoke of values and inspirations in Jesus, God, and the Holy Spirit.

New Netherlands:

England didn't like New Netherlands, feeling the settlers had driven a wedge between the northern and southern colonies. To be rid of the Netherlands, King Charles II allowed James, the duke of York, to send an army. No shots were made before Peter Stuyvesant, the Netherlands governor, surrendered. The land was renamed New York.

Pennsylvania: Religion

Everyone in the Pennsylvania colony were labeled as "Quakers". - Quakers believed that anyone is capable to practice Christianity without the help or guidance of a minister, allowing him or her to speak to the spirit freely. - They dressed very plain and similar to one another, not wanting to differate a person based on their social ranking. - Also, Quakers did not join the army, seeing that they frowned upon war itself.

Who founded Maryland?

George Calvert, the first Lord Baltimore

What is hierarchy (look up and define in your own words) How does the interior of the Anglican church show a respect for hierarchy?

Hierarchy is a system where individuals or groups are seen as higher or lower than others. A person's rank determines how they're treated throughout the community or town. This idea of social order is very similar to the Anglican church. For instance, they emphasized the importance of control and social rank. Also, certain pews were reserved for the wealthy, and a screen completely separated the altar from the congregation.

William Penn

His beliefs of freedom, equal rights, and respect enabled his colony to live in peace. His principles of equality, cooperation, and religion tolerance embarked the values that are still used in today's American nation.

Who founded Georgia?

James Oglethorpe, as a colony for debtors.

How did Quaker beliefs compare to Puritan beliefs?

Like the Puritans, Quakers believed in Jesus, God, and the Holy Spirit. Also, they believed in helping Christians reach a true faith and sense of spirituality. Both religions wanted to create a society to purify Christianity.

New Netherlands:

Native Americans were one of the many people to be welcomed into New Netherlands, seeing that the Dutch compact needed settlers to work and create a profitable colony. Unlike other colonies, the Dutch were more friendly towards the Native Americans, uninterested in controlling them.

What were the important characteristics of the colony of New Netherland?

New Netherland was a very peaceful colony, believing everyone deserved the freedom and right to do as they please. Also, the New Netherlands created friendships with the people they welcomed into their land. Rather than controlling the people within the colony, the Netherlands were more focused on trading fur and supplies with them.

Pacifists

Person who opposed war or violence.

New Netherlands: Population

- Dutch, Germans, Scandinavians, French, African Americans (both free and enslaved), and Europeans lived in this area. - One-fifth of New Netherland's population could be traced to African ancestry. - Believed in equality, cooperation, and religious tolerance. -The Dutch did partake in fights with the Natives for land and trade.

Pennsylvania: Proprietor

- In the late 1660s, William Penn took Quakers from England to Pennsylvania. Here, every male adult received 50 acres of land, freedom, separation from England, and the right to vote. - Penn believed in equality, cooperation, and religious tolerance.

Pennsylvania: Population

- Quakers were harrassed by Anglicans and Puritans for believing in Gods "inner light". - People were friendly towards everyone they met. Expecting the same respect in return. - At first, many people weren't coming to the new colony. As a solution, Penn brought in different immigrants from all over western Europe to help create a profitable colony. - Thousands of Germans brought craft and farming skills. - The colony included traders, farmers, builders, and immigrants. - Unlike Penn's wishes, Quakers owned slaves.

Pennsylvania: Relations with Native Americans

- The Native Americans were already on edge about trusting the Europeans, from their war and diseases. Penn went out of his way and wrote a letter to signify peace. In the letter, Penn claimed he has deep love, respect, and desire to regain their trust, love, and friendship. - Penn traded with the Natives in favor for a court hearing, one where everyone was welcomed to get over their disagreements. - This sign of peace was respected by the Natives. For over 50 years, the Pennsylvania colony had no disputes with the Native Americans.

New Netherlands: Econamy

- The New Netherland colony was able to thrive and expand for its trade in fur. Even when the Dutch opened their land to different cultures, they were mainly focused on trading with the Natives, rather than controlling them. - Controlled large areas of trade.

Proprietor

-An owner of something (colony). -In this reading, the proprietor was James, brother of King Charles II, who was given permission to drive out the Dutch. By doing so, New Netherlands was renamed New York. A portion of New York was later given to two of James' friends, whom of which named the new land, New Jersey.

New Netherland

-New Netherland began when the Dutch West India Company was given permission to start the new colony and expand the thriving fur trade. New Amsterdam became the colonies capital in 1625. -New Netherland was the first Dutch colony in North America. The colony was taken over by England because it was seen as a wedge between the northern and southern colonies. New Netherland was renamed New York.

Quakers

-The Quakers was a form of religion that believed in Jesus and God's inner light. -By believing in equality, the Quakers were able to bind with the Native Americans, regaining their lack of trust from previous settlers.