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अब Quizwiz के साथ अपने होमवर्क और परीक्षाओं को एस करें!

The following entry is in a cron table. When will the myscript script run? (be very specific)

45 23 * * 6 /bin/myscript

On Linux, the root user always has a UID of what number? a. 0 b. q c. 23 d. 500

Which command should be used to restrict access to printers? a. lpadmin b. lpa c. lpr d. admin

character

A device that transfers data in a character-by-character fashion is referred to as what type of device?

A system that uses an /etc/passwd file only can be converted to use /etc/shadow for security by using what command? a. passwdconv b. pwconv c. passwd d. pwdcv

What priority used by the System Log Daemon indicates a very serious system condition that would normally be broadcast to all users? a. alert b. panic c. crit d. error

Which kill signal terminates a process by taking the process information in memory and saving it to a file called core on the hard disk in the current working directory? a. SIGINT b. SIGQUIT c. SIGKILL d. SIGTERM

Adding the -t option to what command below will provide a list of all printers on the system and their status? a. lp b. lpr c. lps d. lpstat

In order to create user accounts on a Linux system, what command should be utilized? a. uadd b. usercreate c. adduser d. useradd

In order to download DPM packages, what command should be used below? a. apt-search b. yum c. dpm-grab d. apt-get

The GUI components and related software take up how much space on a typical Linux installation? a. 1 GB b. 2 GB c. 3 GB d. 4 GB

____ are constructs that alter the flow of a program based on whether a command in the program completed successfully or based on a decision that the user makes given a question posed by the program.

Decision construct

The ps command is the only command that can view process information. T/F

False

What does the setfacl -b command do?

Removes all extra ACL assignments on a given file.

Which kill signal terminates a process by taking the process information in memory and saving it to a file called core on the hard disk in the current working directory?

SIGQUIT

vmlinuz

The Linux kernel exists as a file named:

Each process can start an unlimited number of other processes. True or False

True

What command can be used to copy files?

/etc/systemd/system/default.target

What file controls the default runlevel when using Systemd?

2; SIGINT

What kill signal and number can be used to send an interrupt signal to a process, and is the same as using the Ctrl_c combination to kill a running process?

;

What metacharacter can be used to issue tw term-31o commands to be run in consecutive order, without piping or redirecting output?

What metacharacter indicates background command execution?

-e

What option, when added to the crontab command, opens the vi editor with a user's cron table?

-r

What option, when added to the rm command, is commonly referred to as the -resume option?

execute

What permission (when applied to a directory) allows a user to enter the directory and work with directory contents?

What is the term for a ZFS managed filesystem that is created from ZFS pools?

ZFS volume

To display the contents of a text file called data, what command should be used?

cat data

Which command is used to list and modify password expiration information for user accounts?

chage

What two commands below can be used to modify the password expiry information and a user's default shell?

chage chsh

Select the command that can be used to change the root filesystem to a different directory, such as when you are in a rescue environment.

chroot

what command can be used to change the root filesystem to a different directory, such as when in a rescue environment?

chroot

Which command can be used to download an updated copy of the master branch from the original Git repository?

git pull origin master

Which command should be used to restrict access to printers?

lpadmin

Select the two commands below that can be used to prepare a swap partition and then enable it for use:

mkswap swapon

In the output of the ps -l command, the ____ column is the most valuable to systems administrators because it indicates what the process is currently doing.

process state

What command below can be used to uninstall the LILO bootloader from an active partition?

lilo -U

What command option, when added to the rm command, is commonly referred to as the -resume option?

-r

Select the command that can be used to create partitions that will be stored in an MBR after installation: - fdisk - formatdisk - partition - format

fdisk

What command that can be used to create partitions that will be stored in a MBR after installation?

fdisk

Which command can be used to see processes running in the background?

jobs

In Fedora 20, where are user configured settings for Xorg stored? a. /etc/X11/xorg.conf b. /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/ c. /etc/inittab d. /etc/X11.conf

Processes are started with what nice value by default? a. -20 b. 0 c. 1 d. 19

What option should be used in conjunction with lp command in order to specify destination printer name? a. -n b. -d c. -p d. -l

What priority used by the System Log Daemon indicates a very serious system condition that would normally be broadcast to all users? a. alert b. panic c. crit d. error

Select the two window managers that have been used in GNOME:' Multiple Answer a.kwin b. lxde c. metacity d. mutter

C and D

In order to create a hard link, what command must be used?

image=

In the /etc/lilo.conf file, what keyword should be specified in order to provide the absolute pathname to the Linux kernel?

Ctrl+k

In the GNU Emacs editor, what key combination can be used to delete all characters between the cursor and the end of the line?

What is the effect of changing the date the password was last changed to zero?

It forces the user to change the password at the next login.???

Pog U

Pog Off

Hardware Compatibility List (HCL)

Prior to performing an installation of Linux, the hardware components of the target system should be checked against what known compatible list below?

If you have ____ permission to a shell script, you can execute the shell script like any other executable program on the system.

Read and execute

Which of the following system variables can you modify to override the default system timezone within your current shell?

Linus Torvalds

The Linux kernel was developed and released in 1991 by:

mount -a

To mount all filesystems in the /etc/fstab file that are intended to mount at boot time, what command can be used?

Any command that can be executed on the command line can also be placed inside any environment file. True or False

True

Each process can start an unlimited number of other processes. True or False?

True

T or F: Logs from the cron daemon (crond) can be viewed using the command journalctl _COMM=crond

True

parent process ID

What can be used on a Linux system to trace the lineage of each child process?

What character combination at the start of a shell script are referred to as a hashpling, and allow for the specification of the shell that interprets the contents of the script?

/dev/ttyS1

What character device file represents the second serial port on a system (COM2)?

colon

What character is used to delimit most Linux configuration files?

read and execute

What permissions are required to execute a shell script in a manner similar to any other executable program on the system?

Freeware

What software type is software that is distributed free of charge, but the source code is not available?

Stage1

What stage of the GRUB boot loader typically resides on the MBR / GPT?

/etc/profile; /etc/bashrc

What two files below are the first two BASH environment files to be executed?

init; systemd

What two processes below will show up as PID 1, depending on whether a system uses UNIX SysV or System init processes?

The ____ escape sequence represents a form feed.

Select the escape sequence that starts a new line when used with echo:

Which of the following commands can be used to display general hardware information for the entire system?

lshw

The subdirectory newdir does not currently exist in the current directory that you are in. Which of the following commands will create a new directory named newdir and then change into that directory? (Choose two.)

mkdir newdir && cd newdir mkdir newdir; cd newdir

What command below can be used to create a new physical volume?

pvcreate

What command will create a new physical volume?

pvcreate

What command below can be used to create a new physical volume? a. lvcreate b. pvdisk c. pvcreate d. new_pv

pvcreate

What command can be issued to confirm what directory you are in at a command line prompt?

pwd

at command

the command used to schedule commands and tasks to run at a preset time in the future

What command can be used to replace characters in a file sent via Standard Input?

Data is read from physical hard drives in concentric circles known as which of the following? a. blocks b. tracks c. sectors d. cylinders

tracks

What operator below is known as the NOT operator?

The contents of a certain variable in memory can be viewed using which metacharacter below in combination with the echo command?

The contents of a certain variable in memory can be viewed using which metacharacter below in combination with the echo command? - $ - & - # - *

The contents of a certain variable in memory can be viewed using which metacharacter in combination with the echo command?

When there are multiple background processes executing in the shell, the jobs command indicates the most recent one with a(n) ____ symbol.

When there are multiple background processes executing in the shell, the jobs command indicates the most recent one with which symbol?

Which switch below can be added to the ls command to show a list of files and their type?

-F

Which of the following files can you add filenames to so that the git add * command will not stage them?

.gitignore

In Linux, the group database configuration file is ____.

/etc/group

The _________________ file often contains a single uncommented line that configures the default runlevel for a system.

/etc/inittab

Which file contains user account information?

/etc/passwd

What environment file is always executed immediately after login for all users on the system, and sets most environment variables, such as HOME and PATH?

/etc/profile

Match the file with the order in which the BASH shell environment files are read: First Second Third Fourth

/etc/profile /etc/profile.d/* /etc/bashrc ~/.bashrc

What file in the /proc directory contains information about a computer's CPU?

/proc/cpuinfo

The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard specifies what directory as the root user's home directory?

/root

The location of user cron tables.

/var/spool/cron

On Linux, the root user always has a UID of what number?

Process are started with what nice value by default?

Processes are started with a nice value of ____ by default.

What number represents the stdin file descriptor?

You have a script to run on April 1 each year at 9:00am. Write the cron table entry to make this happen. The script is located in /bin and named aprilfools.

0 9 1 4 * /bin/aprilfools

The first software RAID volume on a system will use a multiple disk device file that starts with what number? a. 254 b. 127 c. 128 d. 255

127

What number indicates the lowest kernel priority (PRI) of a process possible?

127

In Linux, what runlevel is also known as the multiuser mode?

The file descriptor stderr is represented by the number ____.

What number represents the stderr file descriptor?

Which of the following represents stderr at the command line when used for redirection?

In a SCSI chain the highest priority SCSI device is given what SCSI ID?

In a SCSI chain the highest priority SCSI device is given what SCSI ID? a. 1 b. 6 c. 7 d. 15

When using the chmod command, the mode rwx can be represented by which number?

When using the chmod command, the mode rwx can be represented by which number? - 0 - 1 - 7 - 8

What hex code is associated with a Linux swap type partition?

What hex code is associated with a Linux swap type partition? a. 96 b. 83 c. 12 d. 82

What kill level signal cannot be trapped?

What value in the /etc/shadow file's password expiration field means the user's password never expires?

99999

You can redirect a file to the standard input of a command using the ____ metacharacter.

When issuing the ls -F command, what special character indicates a linked file?

After a background process has been started, what command below can be used to move it to the foreground?

True

After a process has been started, you can change its priority by using the renice command.

exit

After a shell is no longer needed, what command can be given to exit the shell?

shell

After logging into a terminal, a user will receive an interface known as which option below?

grub-mkconfig

After modifying the /etc/default/grub file, what command should be run to rebuild the grub config files?

How many DNS servers can be configured in the /etc/resolv.conf file? a. two b. three c. four d. five

Processes are started with what nice value by default? a. -20 b. 0 c. 1 d. 19

When there are multiple background processes executing in the shell, the jobs command indicates the most recent one with which symbol? a.* b. + c. - d. /

After a background has been started, what command below can be used to move it to the foreground? a. b2f b. fgd c. fg d. fgnd

After a background process has been started, what command below can be used to move it to the foreground? a. b2f b. fgd c. fg d. fgnd

What kill signal stops a process, then restarts it with the same PID? a. SIGINT b. SIGQUIT c. SIGHUP d. SIGTERM

What two commands below can be used to stop a process, either by PID number or process name? Multiple Answers a. end b. stop c. kill d. killall

C and D

What two processes below will show up as PID 1, depending on whether a system uses UNIX SysV or Systemd init processes? Multiple Answers a. kthreadd b. syslogd c. init d. systemd

C and D

What two options below are used to tell the useradd command where a user's home directory will be, and where the skeleton directory is? Multiple Answers a. -s b. -h c. -d d. -k

C and D

What two ps options can be used to display a full list of information about each process, and a long list of information about each process? a. -e b. -p c. -f d. -l

C and D

Which of the following is the default desktop environment used by Linux Mint?

Cinnamon

Most configuration files on Linux systems are delimited using ____ characters.

Colon

Which of the following key combinations, commonly used in the vi editor command mode, displays current line statistics?

Ctrl +g

Which command can be used to count the number lines, words, and characters in a file? a. pr b. nl c. tr d. wc

Which of the following is not one of the three main Linux commands? a. binary programs b. shell scripts c. shell functions d. device calls

tracks

Data is read from physical hard drives in concentric circles known as which of the following?

An alternative to the vi editor that offers an equal set of functionality is the GNU _________________________.

Emacs (Editor MACroS) editor

____ are shell variables that are typically set by the system and contain information that the system and programs access regularly.

Environment variables

filesystem corruption

Errors on a filesystem are common on most filesystems. What do these errors indicate?

____________________ defines a standard set of directories for use by all Linux and UNIX systems, as well as the file and subdirectory contents of each directory.

FHS

By default, new users are forced to change their passwords.

False

____ are labels representing command input and output.

File descriptors

_______________ represents a text description of the user and is typically left blank.

GECOS

Which of the following is an on-screen keyboard used with Linux?

GOK

The GNOME 3 desktop environment utilizes what window manager and toolkit below?

GTK+ toolkit mutter

False

Given the syntax command && command, the command on the left of the && construct is executed only if the command on the right of the && construct completes successfully.

vim file1

I order to quickly create an empty file, what command can be used?

True

If the /etc/at.allow and /etc/at.deny files do not exist the root user is allowed to schedule tasks using the at daemon.

journald

In Fedora 20, the logging system used to record the messages normally stored within the boot.log, messages, and syslog files has been replaced by a journaling database system called?

tty1

In Fedora 20, what terminal is used for graphical login?

system-config-keyboard

In order to change keyboard layout if X Windows can't detect the layout, you should use what CLI command?

1024

In some cases, the installation process fails to place a boot loader on the hard disk properly; this is often caused by hard drives with over what number of cylinders?

In the fdisk interactive mode, what letter can be used to save changes to the partition table and exit?

root

In what filesystem are most of the operating system files contained?

command mode

In what mode does the vi editor open by default?

Which of the following will the split command do on a file when no other options are specified?

It will split a file into new equally sized files that are 1/10th of the original file size.

The ____________________ facility used by the System Log Daemon specifies messages from the Linux kernel.

Kern

A user account can be locked with the usermod command using what option?

Which of the following options is passed to the Linux kernel from the GRUB2 configuration file to set the locale?

LANG

In order to send a print job to a printer using CUPS, what command must be used?

Most Parallel SCSI controllers are capable of supporting up to how many devices?

chkconfig

On Linux systems that use the traditional UNIX SysV init, what command below can be used to list and modify the runlevels that a daemon is started in?

/var/spool/at

On a Fedora based system, where are the shell environment and scheduled commands for at stored?

Pog O

Pog

A set of information that is sent to a printer at the same time is called a(n) ____________________.

Print Job

An executable file on the hard disk that can be run when you execute it.

Program

Network Address Translation (NAT)

Proxy servers keep track of the information passed to each client by maintaining what type of table?

A ZFS volume that uses a variable stripe size and requires a minimum of 3 hard disks to protect against a single disk failure is known as

RAID-Z

A ZFS volume that uses a variable stripe size and requires a minimum of three hard disks to protect against single disk failure is known as: a. RAID+ b. RAID-Z c. RAID 5 d. ZFS Extended RAID

RAID-Z

Text wildcards used to ease the searching of specific text information are called _________________________.

Regular expressions (regexp)

What SCSI type supports speeds of up to 80 MB/second?

SCSI-3 Ultra2 Wide

What SCSI type supports speeds of up to 80 MB/second? a. SCSI-3 Ultra b. SCSI-2 Wide c. SCSI-3 Ultra2 Wide d. SCSI-3 Ultra3 Wide

SCSI-3 Ultra2 Wide

What two special permissions can be applied in order to effectively allow a user to become owner of a file, or become a member of a group, by executing a file?

SGID and SUID

What two special permissions can be applied in order to effectively allow a user to become owner of a file, or become a member of a group, by executing a file? - SGID - SUID - SQUID - sticky bit

SGID, SUID

What kill signal stops a process, then restarts it with the same PID?

SIGH UP

The ____ kill signal stops a process and then restarts it with the same PID.

SIGHUP

What kill signal stops a process, then restarts it with the same PID?

SIGHUP

Explain why scheduling commands can be beneficial, and detail some of the methods available for scheduling commands.

Scheduling system maintenance commands to run during nonworking hours is good practice, as it does not disrupt normal business activities. There are two different methods to schedule commands: At daemon (atd) - which can be used to schedule a command to execute once in the future cron daemon (crond) - which is used to schedule a command to execute repeatedly in the future

mke2fs

Select the command that can be used to check an ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystem:

Which of the following does Click Assist do?

Simulates a right click by holding down the left mouse button

What stage of the GRUB boot loader typically resides on the MBR / GPT?

Stage 1

What stage of the GRUB boot loader typically resides on the MBR / GPT?

Stage1

Which of the following accessibility features simulates simultaneous key presses when two keys are pressed in sequence?

Sticky Keys

Each SCSI device attached to a system must be assigned an ID number. What is this ID number called?

Target ID

/root

The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard specifies what directory as the root user's home directory?

KDE

The QT toolkit is utilized by which GUI environment?

PATH

The ______ environment variable contains a list of directories used to search for executable programs.

awk

The ability to extract, manipulate, and format text using pattern action statements belongs to which command below?

man -k list

The apropos list command produces the same results as which command below?

127

The first software RAID volume on a system will use a multiple disk device file that starts with what number?

Firewall

The iptables software on Linux is an example of what kind of software?

False

The killall command uses the PID to kill a process.

Total cost of ownership (TCO)

The overall cost of using a particular operating system is known as?

edquota

The quotas for certain users can be edited by using which command?

tac

To display a text file in reverse order, what command should be used?

Ignoring a kill signal.

Trapping

Most daemon scripts accept the arguments start, stop, and restart.

True

When using the chage command, how do you set the maximum password age?

Type 90 and press Enter.

/var

Under the root directory in Linux, which directory contains system commands and utilities?

/boot

Under what directory is the Linux kernel stored?

Which of the following is responsible for starting tasks and services during boot, stopping them during shutdown, and supervising them while the system is running?

Upstart

ioports

What file in the /proc directory contains a list of memory address ranges reserved for device use?

/proc/cpuinfo

What file in the /proc directory contains information about a computer's CPU?

udf

What file system below is used by software programs that write to a CD-RW or DVD-RW drive?

9; SIGKILL

What signal name and number function as the absolute kill signal, and when issued, forces the Linux kernel to stop executing the process by sending the process's resources to /dev/null?

When issuing the ls -F command, what special character indicates a linked file?

When killing a background job with the kill command, the background job ID must be prefixed by what character below?

When there are multiple background processes executing in the shell, the jobs command indicates the most recent one with which symbol?

When using the chmod command, the mode rwx can be represented by which number?

Which of the following is a lightweight desktop environment that uses very few system resources that a system administrator might choose to install on a Linux server instead of one of the two main desktop environments?

XFCE

What is the term for a ZFS managed filesystem that is created from ZFS pools? a. ZFS vault b. ZFS volume c. ZFS store d. ZFS lake

ZFS volume

True

Zombie processes are also known as defunct processes.

Select the test statement that can be used to determine if A is numerically greater than B:

[ A -gt B ]

The test statement ____ would be used to determine if A is numerically greater than B.

[ A -gt B ]

Select the escape sequence that is used for a form feed:

Which of the following is the common escape sequence to display a horizontal tab using the echo command?

cron table

a file specifying tasks to be run by the cron daemon; there are user cron tables and system cron tables

parent process

a process that has started other processes (child processes)

process ID (PID)

a unique identifier assigned to every process as it begins

What System Log Daemon priority indicates an error that should be rectified immediately, such as a corrupt system database?

alert

Select the two keywords that can be used in the lilo.conf file in order to specify where LILO should be installed, and what parameters should be passed to the Linux kernel when loaded:

append= boot=

The ability to extract, manipulate, and format text using pattern action statements belongs to which command below?

awk

Which two problems below are typically seen on large systems that write large amounts of data to a non-ZFS filesystem? a. snapshotting b. bit rot c. misdirected writes d. segment faults

bit rot, misdirected

Which of the following commands will send the output of the cat command to the grep command to be filtered?

cat /etc/passwd | grep jsmith

Which of the following commands will display the current CPU(s) detected by a Linux system?

cat /proc/cpuinfo

In order to move from the /home/joe/test/data to the /home/joe directory, what command below should be issued? a. cd .. b. /home/joe c. cd ./.. d. cd ../..

cd ../..

On Linux systems that use the traditional UNIX SysV init, what command below can be used to list and modify the runlevels that a daemon is started in?

chkconfig

What two* commands will grant only the execute permission to username bob on file1, assuming bob is the file's owner?

chmod 777 file1

Select the command that can be used to change the root filesystem to a different directory, such as when in a rescue environment. a. croot b. set_root c. change_root d. chroot

chroot

What command can be used to copy files?

What command can be used to copy files? - copy - cp - cpy - mv

You have run the top command successfully, but realize that the q key on the keyboard has suddenly stopped working. What is another way that you can exit out of the top program?

ctrl-c

What option should be used in conjunction with the lp command in order to specify the destination printer name?

What two options below are used to tell the useradd command where a user's home directory will be, and where the skeleton directory is?

d k

In vi, using command mode, what series of key presses below will cause the line on which the cursor is on to be deleted? a. yw b. dd c. d d. X

Which of the following is not one of the three main types of Linux commands?

device calls

Which of the following commands will display messages that were displayed during the boot sequence by the kernel?

dmesg

A list of all exported environment and user-defined variables in a shell can be viewed with what command below?

env

To see a list of all exported environment and user-defined variables in the shell, you can use the ____ command.

env

What two files contain settings for the CUPS daemon and the configuration information for each printer installed on a system, respectively?

etc/cups/printers.conf /etc/cups/cupsd.conf

What permission (when applied to a directory) allows a user to enter the directory and work with directory contents?

execute

Volumes can contain a filesystem but they can't be mounted to directories within the Linux filesystem hierarchy. true or false

false

Select the command that can be used to create partitions that will be stored in an MBR after installation:

fdisk

Errors on a filesystem are common on most file systems. What do these errors indicate?

filesystem corruption

Errors on a filesystem are common on most filesystems. What do these errors indicate?

filesystem corruption

Errors on a filesystem are common on most filesystems. What do these errors indicate? a. filesystem corruption b. raid degradation c. hard drive failures d. filesystem breaks

filesystem corruption

What construct is intended for use in processing a list of objects, such as files, directories, users, printers, and so on?

for

A process spawning or initiating another process is referred to as _____________________.

forking

In a process referred to as _________________, when executing compiled programs or shell scripts, the BASH shell that interprets the command you typed creates a new BASH shell.

forking

What command can be used to check different kinds of filesystems on Linux for errors? - chkdsk. - errorchk - fs_check - fsck

fsck

What argument can be used with the chmod command to add read permission and remove write permission for a group on a file?

g+r-w

what two commands can be used to edit a GPT based hard disk's partitions?

gdisk and parted

What two commands below can be used to edit a GPT based hard disk's partitions? (Select 2 answers) - gdisk - parted - fdisk - gtpedit

gdisk, parted

What is the default target on a system with a GUI installed?

graphical.target

Which of the following will look at the /etc/passwd file for any lines containing the word root and display them out to the screen while simultaneously writing the results to a file?

grep root /etc/passwd | tee ~/root.txt

After modifying the /etc/default/grub file, what command should be run to rebuild the grub config files?

grub-mkconfig

What command can be used to configure the LILO, ELILO, GRUB, and GRUB2 bootloaders?

grubby

The first line in a shell script, which specifies the pathname to the shell that interprets the contents of the shell script, is ____.

hashpling

Which of the following can be used to compare the hardware clock to the system clock, writing a new result to a new line every 10 seconds?

hwclock -c

Which of the following is a type of software that allows a piece of hardware to host multiple operating systems?

hypervisor

Which of the following commands can be used to convert files between different character encodings?

iconv

Which of the following constructs can be used in a shell script to determine whether two values are equal and if so run another set of commands?

Which of the following statements is true? (choose all that apply)

if /etc/at.allow exists, only users listed in it can use the at command if /etc/cron.allow exists, only users listed in it can use the cron command if /etc/cron.deny exists and /etc/cron.allow does no exist, any user not listed in /etc/cron.deny can use the cron command

The first daemon process on a system is called the ____________________ daemon.

initialize

In Fedora 20, what journaling database system has replaced the logging system used to record the messages normally stored within the boot.log, messages, and syslog files?

journald

In Fedora 20, the logging system used to record the messages normally stored within the boot.log, messages, and syslog files has been replaced by a journaling database system called?

journald

What two commands below can be used to stop a process, either by PID number or process name?

kill killall

Which of the following commands will send a process's resources to /dev/null to kill the process for process ID 1357?

kill -9 1357

Select the two commands in fdisk's interactive mode that can be used to show known partition types and view the current partition table:

l p

what are two commands in fdisk's interactive mode that can be used to show known partition types and view the current partition table

l and p

In order to create and manage KVM or Qemu virtual machines, a Linux system must have which of the following installed?

libvert

What command below can be used to uninstall the LILO bootloader from an active partition?

lilo -U

In order to create a hard link, what command must be used? - ln - link - lk - lnk

Select the file in the /proc directory that contains statistics on the performance of the processor:

loadavg

Select the file in the /proc directory that contains statistics on the performance of the processor: a. kcore b. loadavg c. cpuinfo d. modules

loadavg

What file in the /proc directory that contains statistics on the performance of the processor?

loadavg

What two commands below can be used to locate files on a filesystem?

locate find

What two commands can be used to locate files on a filesystem? - locate - grep - read - find

locate, find

A government office wants to secure a few of its Linux systems so that they can only use certain USB devices. After plugging in a USB device, which of the following commands could be used to detect certain identifying information that can be used to only allow that type of USB device?

lsusb

what are the commands that can be used to extend a volume group and logical volume respectively.

lvextend and vgextend

What command is used to manage a software RAID configuration after installation?

mdadm

Which of the following commands will generate a new initramfs?

mkinitrd dracut

What file under the proc directory contains information regarding what modules are currently loaded into the Linux kernel? a. kmods b. modinfo c. mod_info d. modules

modules

Which of the following is the default window manager used by the GNOME version 3 desktop environment?

mutter

The ______________ can be used to affect the process priority indirectly.

nice value

The ____________________ can be used to affect the process priority indirectly.

nice value

Which of the following commands will display the output of a file while also displaying a line number at the left side of each line for the /etc/passwd file?

nl /etc/passwd

What priority used by the System Log Daemon indicates a very serious system condition that would normally be broadcast to all users?

panic

Every process has a process ID and a __________________.

parent process ID

What can be used on a Linux system to trace the lineage of each child process?

parent process ID

What can be used on a Linux system to trace the lineage of each child process?

parent process ID

Which of the following commands can be used to terminate a process by the process name?

pkill

A(n) ____________refers to a program that is running in memory and on the CPU.

process

Which command when entered without argument is used to display a list of processes running in the current shell?

To copy a directory full of files in Linux, you must tell the cp command that the copy will be ____________________ (involve files and subdirectories too) by using the -r option

recursive

Which command below can be used to start, stop, or restart any daemons in the /etc/init.d directory?

service

In a cron table entry, what field specifies the absolute pathname to a command that is to be executed?

sixth

Which of the following commands will display the contents of the /etc/passwd file in alphanumerical order?

sort /etc/passwd

Which of the following is a valid method of running a script named myscript.sh? (Choose two)

source myscript.sh ./myscript.sh

The ____________ command can be used to start X Windows and the default window manager or desktop environment.

startx

____ is the normal output of a command.

stdout

Most commands that are run by the shell are run in a separate ____________________, which is created by the current shell.

subshell

To create a(n) ____________________ link, you use the -s option to the ln command.

symbolic

The /etc/login.defs file is a(n) ____ file.

text

background (bg) command

the command used to run a foreground process in the background

Trapping

the process of ignoring a kill signal

The ____ command can be used to replace characters in a file sent via Standard Input.

What file system below is used by software programs that write to a CD-RW or DVD-RW drive?

udf

In order to create user accounts on a Linux system, what command should be utilized?

useradd

What two commands can be used to show information about physical volumes and logical volumes respectively?

vgdisplay and lvdisplay

What two commands can be used to show information about physical volumes and logical volumes respectively? (Select 2 answers) a. showvg b. showlv c. lvdisplay d. vgdisplay

vgdisplay, lvdisplay

In order to quickly create an empty file, what command can be used?

vim file1

Which command can be used to count the number lines, words, and characters in a file?

FTP

what service provides a method for the efficient transfer of files over the Internet?

What permission grants a user the ability to open, read, and edit the contents of a file?

write

The root UID is ____.

zero

Segmentation faults can sometimes be fixed by performing what two tasks below?

turn off CPU cache memory increase the number of memory wait states in BIOS

The contents of a certain variable in memory can be viewed using which metacharacter below in combination with the echo command?

As daemon process are not associated with terminals, you must use the -e switch with ps command to view them. True or False?

True

Logs from the cron daemon (crond) can be viewed using the command journalctl_COMM=crond True or False?

True

Much like the SysV init daemon, the Systemd init daemon is used to start daemons during system initialization as well as start and stip daemons after system initialization. True or False?

True

Much like the SysV init daemon, the Systemd init daemon is used to start daemons during system initialization as well as start and stop daemons after system initialization.

True

Segmentation faults can sometimes be fixed by performing what two tasks?

Turning off CPU cache memory and increasing the number of memory wait states in BIOS

[1-4]

Using wildcard metacharacters, how can one indicate a number is either 1, 2, 3, or 4?

Red Hat

What Linux distribution is the most commonly used distribution within organizations today?

grub2-install

What command below can be used to re-install GRUB2 in the event that the boot loader becomes corrupted?

lilo -U

What command below can be used to uninstall the LILO bootloader from an active partition?

pstree

What command below is used to display the lineage of a process by tracing its PPIDs until the init daemon?

What command below takes a list of arguments specifying the absolute or relative pathnames of files to remove?

pwd

What command can be issued to confirm what directory you are in at a command line prompt?

What command can be used to replace characters in a file sent via Standard Input?

stat

What command is most effective at identifying different types of files?

mdadm

What command is used to manage a software RAID configuration after installation?

What hex code is associated with a Linux swap type partition?

ZFS volume

What is the term for a ZFS managed filesystem that is created from ZFS pools?

quiet

What keyword tells the Linux kernel to avoid printing errors to the screen during system startup?

What metacharacter can be used to refer to the current user's home directory?

127

What number indicates the lowest kernel priority (PRI) process possible?

What number represents the stdin file descriptor?

What operator below is known as the NOT operator?

-e

What option can be used with the ps command to display an entire list of processes across all terminals and including daemons?

GNU Public License

What stipulates that the source code of any software published under its license must be freely available.

virtual host

What term describes the physical hardware and the underlying operating system upon which a virtual machine runs?

whoami

Which Linux command can be utilized to display your current login name?

What is contained in the DISPLAY variable on a Linux system running the X window system?

Which X server the client is supposed to connect to by default.

/dev/hdb1

Which device file below represents the first primary partition on the second PATA hard disk drive?

child process

a process that was started by another process (parent process)

What environment file is always executed immediately after login for all users on the system, and sets most environment variables, such as HOME and PATH? a. ˜/.bash_profile b. ˜/.bash_login c. /etc/profile d. ˜/.profile

What is the average compression ratio for the gzip utility using the LZ77 compression algorithm? a. 40%-50% b. 50%-60% c. 60%-70% d. 70%-80%

What is the default print job priority for all print jobs created by the lp command? a. -50 b. 0 c. 50 d. 100

What is the default target on a system with a GUI installed? a. multi-user.target b. single-user.target c. graphical.target d. gui.target

When using Systemd, what command can be used to start, stop and configure daemons to start automatically when the system starts? a. chkconfig b. service c. systemctl d. syscontroller

Which command below can be used to start, stop, or restart any daemons in the /etc/init.d directory? a. daemon b. manip-daemon c. service d. daemon-service

What option can be added to the rpm command to upgrade a specified package only if an older version exists on the system? a. -c b. -U c. -F d. -z

When using Systemd, what command can be used to start, stop, and configure daemons to start automatically when the system starts? a. chkconfig b. service c. systemctl d. syscontroller

The secure log file contains information regarding the last user to log in to a system. True or False

False

To kill a process running in the background, you must place a % characters before its process ID. True or False?

False

A device that transfers data in a character-by-character fashion is referred to as what type of device? a. text b. binary c. block d. character

character

In order to set all of the special permissions on a certain file or directory, which command below should be used on a file named filename?

chmod 7777 filename

What two commands below can be used to modify the password expiry information and a user's default shell?

chsh chage

What command is used to view and modify user jobs scheduled to run with cron?

crontab

Which of the following commands will show the current user cron jobs that have been created for the currently logged in user?

crontab -l

A(n) ____________________ defines the number and type of daemons that are loaded into memory and executed by the kernel on a particular system.

runlevel

What section of a filesystem contains information about the filesystem in general?

superblock

In the event that you wish to disable a swap partition, what command must be used?

swapoff

In the event that you wish to disable a swap partition, what command must be used? a. umount b. swapoff c. swapdrop d. delete_swap

swapoff

segmentation fault

If a Linux installation ends abnormally and the screen displays a fatal signal 11 error, what type of error has occurred?

Tab

If enough unique letters of a directory name have been typed, what key can be pressed to activate the BASH shell's completion feature?

The default BASH shell prompt is set by an environment variable. What command can be used to view this variable? a. ls $PWD b. echo #PWD c. echo $PS1 d. ls #PS1

time slice

the amount of time a process is given on a CPU in a multiprocessing operating system

Under what directory is the Linux kernel stored? a. / b. /boot c. /root d. /krnl

The ____ command counts the number of lines, words, and characters in a file.

What file in the /proc directory contains information about a computer's CPU?

/proc/cpuinfo

Select the escape sequence that starts a new line when used with echo: a. \\ b. \a c. \n d. \r

What number represents the stderr file descriptor? a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3

Select the command that can be used to send a small TCP/IP packet to another IP address and await a response: a. png b. ipquery c. ring d. ping

The GUI components and related software take up how much space on a typical Linux installation? a. 1 GB b. 2 GB c. 3 GB d. 4 GB

What log file contains information and error messages regarding network access generated by daemons such as ssd and xinetd? a. wtmp b. messages c. dmesg d. secure

What number indicates the lowest kernel priority (PRI) of a process possible? a. -20 b. 0 c. 20 d. 127

What number indicates the lowest priority kernel priority (PRI) of a process possible? a. -20 b. 0 c. 20 d. 127

What option can be added to the netstat command in order to display network statistics? a. -s b. -p c. -a d. -i

T/F - A value of 0 for a process priority indicates low priority.

False

T/F - Can the top command be used to change the priority of processes?

False

The /etc/rc.d/rc 5 script only executes files that start with S in the /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/ directory. True and False

False

The killall command uses the PID to kill a process. True or False

False

The killall command uses the PID to kill a process. True or False

False

The killall command uses the PID to kill all process. True or False?

False

Identifies the process that started another process.

PPID

The standard output and standard error from a terminal screen within the BASH shell can be redirected to a file on the filesystem using what shell metacharacter, followed by the absolute or relative pathname of the file?

After a process has been started, you can change its priority by using the renice command. True or False

True

After a process has been started, you can change its priority by using the renice command. True or False?

True

After a process has been started, you can change its priority by using the renice command. True or False.

True

CUPS contains versions of the lpr, lpc, lpq, and lprm commands. True or False?

True

Each process can start an unlimited number of other processes. T/F

True

SIGHUP

What kill signal stops a process, then restarts it with the same PID?

Levi wants to run 5 commands sequentially, but does not want to create a shell script. He knows that each command is going to take approximately 20 minutes to run individually. However, he would like to go to lunch 15 minutes from now. He knows that he can type all of the commands on the same line and separate them with a certain character to run them sequentially. Which character can he type after each command to have them run one after the next without requiring further input from him?

a semicolon

daemon process

a system process that is not associated with a terminal

In the process called ____________________, a user's user name and password are checked against a system database that contains all user account information.

authentication

The ____ command can be used to extract, manipulate, and format text using pattern-action statements.

awk

In a file's mode, a permission that is unavailable is represented by what character? - ? - * - "b -" - +

b -

What two window managers is the Compiz Fusion window manager based upon?

beryl compiz

Each field in the /etc/passwd file is separated by ____.

colons

In what mode does the vi editor open by default? a. command mode b. overview mode c. insert mode d. append mode

command mode

Processes that have encountered an error during execution and continuously uses up system resources are referred to as ____________________ processes.

rogue

In what filesystem are most of the operating system files contained?

root

In what filesystem are most of the operating system files contained? a. boot b. data c. root d. mnt

root

Which of the following commands will show the current runlevel along with the previous runlevel? (Choose all that apply.)

runlevel

The ____ command could be used to view the contents of the environment variable that represents the BASH shell prompt.

$PS1

In a file's mode, a permission that is unavailable is represented by what character?

What permissions are required to execute a shell script in a manner similar to any other executable program on the system?

read and execute

If a file's permissions are set to 760, what permission(s) are available to the group assigned to the file? - read - write - execute - move

read, write

The at command is used to ________________.

schedule processes to run at a single instance in the future

What log file contains information and error messages regarding network access generated by daemons such as ssd and xinetd?

secure

What log file contains information and error messages regarding network access generated by daemons such as ssd and xinetd?

secure

Which of the following commands will count down from 10 to 1?

seq 10 -1 1

What section of a filesystem contains info about the filesystem in general?

superblock

What file controls the default runlevel when using Systemd?

/etc/systemd/system/default.target

On a Fedora based system, where are the shell environment and scheduled commands for at stored?

/var/spool/at

The GUI components and related software take up how much space on a typical Linux installation?

4 GB

What does the setfacl -b command do?

It removes all extra ACL assignments on a given file

On Linux systems that use the traditional UNIX SysV init, what command below can be used to list and modify the runlevels that a daemon is started in?

chkconfig

What is the default target on a system with a GUI installed?

graphical.target

After modifying the /etc/default/grub file, what command should be run to rebuild the grub config files?

grub-mkconfig

What command below can be used to re-install GRUB2 in the event that the boot loader becomes corrupted?

grub2-install

What terms describe a computer connected to a remote hard disk via iSCSI, and the remote hard disk?

iSCSI initiator iSCSI target

When killing a background job with the kill command, the background job ID must be prefixed by what character below?

When there are multiple background process executing in the shell, the jobs command indicates the most recent one with which symbol?

A system administrator wants to allow most users to be able to run cron jobs, but wants to specifically prevent a couple of users from doing so. Which of the following files could the administrator edit to disallow these users from creating cron jobs?

/etc/cron.deny

In which directory would a system administrator store scripts that should be run monthly by the cron daemon?

/etc/cron.monthly

The location of system cron tables.

/etc/crontab

In addition to /etc/localtime, some Linux distributions also have an /etc/timezone text file that contains a reference to the correct time zone file contained in which directory?

/usr/share/zoneinfo

At what runlevel does a Linux system have no daemons active in memory, allowing it to be safely powered off?

On Linux, the root user always has a UID of what number?

The file descriptor stdin is represented by the number ____.

What character, when appended to a command, causes the command to be run in the background? a. & b. $ c. # d. %

What option can be added to the userdel command to remove the home directory of the target user? a. -r b. -d c. -R d. -x

A hard drive or SSD can be divided into partitions. What is the maximum number of primary partitions that can be used on these devices?

tarball

An archive of files that usually contain scripts that install the software contents to the correct location on the system is referred to as a:

:q!

At the vi command mode prompt, what key combination below will force a quit from the vi editor without saving changes

In Linux, what runlevel is also known as the multiuser mode? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

What can be used on a Linux system to trace the lineage of each child process? a. process ID b. parent process ID c. execution order ID d. process fork ID

What character combination at the start of a shell script are referred to as a hashpling, and allow for the specification of the shell that interprets the contents of the script? a. @! b. #! c. // d. ->

The GNOME 3 desktop environment utilizes what window manager and toolkit below? Multiple Answer a. kwin b. mutter c. Qt toolkit d. GTK+ toolkit

B and D

What kill signal and number can be used to send an interrupt signal to a process, and is the same as using the Ctrl+c combination to kill a running process? Multiple Answers a. SIGHUP b. SIGINT c. 1 d. 2

B and D

Select the test statement that can be used to determine if A is numerically greater than B: a. [ A -g B ] b. [ A -ge B ] c. [ A -gt B ] d. [ A +eq B ]

The ability to extract, manipulate, and format text using pattern action statements belongs to which command below? a.sed b. grep c. awk d. nl

What command can be used to troubleshoot routing by displaying all routers between the current computer and a remote computer? a. route b. route add c. traceroute d. ip

What configuration file contains parameters that set the default location for e-mail, password expiration information, minimum password length, and the range of UIDs and GIDs available a. system.conf b. local.setup c. login.defs d. user.defs

What is the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption algorithm's largest key length size? a. 192-bit b. 64-bit c. 256-bit d. 128-bit

What is the most commonly used LAN protocol? a. DLC b. UDP/IP c. TCP/IP d. IPX/SPX

What is the subnet mask for a Class C IP address? a. 255.0.0.0 b. 255.255.0.0 c. 255.255.255.0 d. 255.255.255.255

What kill signal stops a process, then restarts it with the same PID? a. SIGINT b. SIGQUIT c. SIGHUP d.SIGTERM

What option can be used with ssh to enable tunneling of X Windows information? a. -L b. -f c. -X d. -x

What option should be used in conjunction with the lp command in order to specify the destination printer name? a. -n b. -p c. -d d. -l

Which command below can be used to start, stop, or restart any daemons in the /etc/init.d directory? a. daemon b. manip-daemon c. service d. daemon-service

Adding the -t option to what command below will provide a list of all printers on the system and their status? a. lp b. lpr c. lps d. lpstat

An IPv6 IP address consists of 16-bit numbers in what numbering scheme? a. decimal b. octal c. binary d. hexadecimal

In a cron table entry, what field specifies the absolute pathname to a command that is to be executed? a. first b. second c. fifth d. sixth

In order to change keyboard layout if X Windows can't detect the layout, you should use what CLI command? a. sys-conf-kb b. system-config-kb c. sys-config-keyboard d. system-config-keyboard

In order to create user accounts on a Linux system, what command should be utilized? a. uadd b. usercreate c. adduser d. useradd

In order to redirect a file to the standard input of a command, what metacharacter should be used? a. > b. # c. | d. <

Given the syntax command && command, the command on the left of the && construct is executed only if the command on the right of the && construct completed successfully. True or False

False

T/F - To prevent a file from being cleared by the BASH shell and append output to the existing output, you can specify three > metacharacters alongside the file descriptor.

False

How many different kill signals can be sent by the kill command to a given process?

Describe the system cron table. How is it organized, and what information may be contained within it?

the cron table includes six fields separated by space or tab characters the first 5 fields specify the times to run the command and the sixth field is the absolute pathname to the command to be executed.

Options

When using command-line terminal, specific letters that start with a dash ("-") and appear after command names are considered to be:

The process is high priority.

When viewing the output of the ps ax command, what does a < symbol in the STAT column indicate for a process?

Daemon used to schedule a command to execute repeatedly in the future.

cron daemon

A case construct must be ended by ____________________.

esac

What command that can be used to check an ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystem?

mke2fs

cal

A calendar for the current month can be shown on the command line by issuing which command?

Select the escape sequence that is used for a form feed: \n b. \f /f /n

In order to send a print job to a printer using CUPS, what command must be used? a. print b. pl c. lp d. pr

device driver

What piece of software tells the operating system how to use a specific hardware device?

superblock

What section of a filesystem contains information about the filesystem in general?

{}

Which character(s) below represent extended regular expression metacharacter(s)?

Which of the following command can be used to remove a job from the list of pending jobs? (Choose all that apply.)

at -d at -r atrm

In order to quickly create an empty file, what command can be used?

vim file1

What permission (when assigned to a file) grants a user the ability to open, read, and edit the contents of a file?

write

What permission (when assigned to a file) grants a user the ability to open, read, and edit the contents of a file? - read - write - sticky bit - execute

write

How can you bypass the wait function and send a user process to the background?

you can use the Ctrl+z key combination and the bg command

In order to list all configuration parameters that can be modified for a subfilesystem, what command should be issued?

zfs get all

In order to list all configuration parameters that can be modified for a subfilesystem, what command should be issued? a. zfs list b. zpool list c. zpool get all d. zfs get all

zfs get all

Nice values are used to affect process priorities using a range between ______________________.

-20 and 19

In some cases, the installation process fails to place a boot loader on the hard disk properly; this is often caused by hard drives with over what number of cylinders?

1024

In some cases, the installation process fails to place a boot loader on the hard disk properly; this is often caused by hard drives with over what number of cylinders? a. 256 b. 512 c. 1024 d. 2048

1024

Most Parallel SCSI controllers are capable of supporting up to how many devices? a. 12 b. 13 c. 14 d. 15

In standard GRUB notation, select the option below that represents the first hard drive in a system, and the first partition on that hard drive. a. (hd0,0) b. (hd1,1) c. (hda,0) d. (hda,1)

What System Log Daemon priority indicates an error that should be rectified immediately, such as a corrupt system database? a. info b. alert c. debug d. panic

What command below can be used to re-install GRUB2 in the event that the boot loader becomes corrupted? a. grub-install b. grub2-install c. install_grub d. install_grub2

What command below is used to display the lineage of a process by tracing its PPIDs until the init daemon? a. psbranch b. pstree c. psparent d. pshead

What device file below indicates the first ATAPI IDE tape device (nonrewinding)? a. /dev/st0 b. /dev/nht0 c. /dev/nst0 d. /dev/ht0

What file controls the default runlevel using Systemd? a. /etc/inittab b. /etc/systemd/system/default.target c. /etc/systemd/inittab.target d. /etc/systemd.comf

When there are multiple background processes executing in the shell, the jobs command indicates the most recent one with which symbol? a. * b. + c. - d. /

Adding the t option to what command below will provide a list of all printers on the system and their status?

lpstat

What command is used to manage a software RAID configuration after installation? a. mdraid b. vgadm c. mdadm d. pgadm

mdadm

Select the command that can be used to check an ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystem: a. mke2fs b. ext2fsck c. fdisk d. e2fsck

mke2fs

The CUPS Web administration tool can be accessed via web browser by accessing what TCP port below? a. 780 b. 631 c. 4586 d. 8080

In Linux, you are restricted to using only one type of filesystem on a system.

False

In a file's mode, a permission that is unavailable is represented by what character?

elif; else

In an if construct, what statements are optional?

-l

In order to display a list of at job IDs, what option can be specified to the at commands?

A(n) ____________________ refers to a program that is running in memory and on the CPU.

Process

Select the escape sequence that is used for a form feed:

In a cron table entry, what field specifies the absolute pathname to a command that is to be executed?

Sixth

CUPS contains versions of the lpr, lpc, lpq, and lprm commands. True or False

True

Most daemon scripts accept the arguments start, stop, and restart. True or False

True

T/F - Aliases are shortcuts to commands stored in special variables that can be created and viewed using the alias command.

True

To see a list of the environment variables and their current values on a system, you can use the ____ command.

set

Which of the following commands will show a list of process names along with their process ID (PID)? (Choose two.)

top ps

Data is read from physical hard drives in concentric circles known as which of the following?

tracks

If a file's permissions are set to 760, what permission(s) are available to the group assigned to the file?

write and read

Once X Windows is configured, what command can be used to fine tune the vertical and horizontal refresh rate?

xvidtune

Select the metacharacter that can be used to send the standard output of one command to another command as standard input:

Which command can be used to create a new command that will monitor the contents of auth.log as they get added to the file?

alias showauth='tail -f /var/log/auth.log'

The command used to schedule commands and tasks to run at a present time in the future.

at command

Daemon used to schedule a command to execute once in the future.

at daemon

What terms describe a computer connected to a remote hard disk via iSCSI, and the remote hard disk? (Select two answers.) a. iSCSI initiator b. iSCSI host c. iSCSI slave d. iSCSI target

iSCSI initiaitor, iSCSI target

Which process will all have PID of 1 and a PID of 0?

init

In order to create a hard link, what command must be used?

Select the command below that utilizes a premade database that contains a list of all the files on a system: - locate - search - find - id

locate

Which command below provides the easiest method for monitoring free space on mounted filesystems? - du - df - fs - fd

What option can be used with the ps command to display an entire list of processes across all terminals and including daemons?

Which of the following commands will display the exit status of the last command used in the BASH shell?

echo $?

The quotas for certain users can be edited by using which command? - chquota - usrquota - repquota - edquota

edquota

What permission (when applied to a directory) allows a user to enter the directory and work with directory contents? - write - sticky bit - execute - read

execute

You have started a job running in the background that you want to now bring to the front so that you can watch it execute. Which of the following commands can be used to display the job's output to the terminal?

When writing shell scripts and using an if statement to determine whether a set of code should be executed, what is the proper syntax to end the if construct? ___________

In the /etc/lilo.conf file, what keyword should be specified in order to provide the absolute pathname to the Linux kernel?

image=

Select the two commands in fdisk's interactive mode that can be used to show known partition types and view the current partition table: (Select 2 answers) a. l b. a c. p d. v

l, p

Which of the following commands can be used to display the current locale of a system? (Choose two.)

locale localectl

Select the command below that utilizes a premade database that contains a list of all the files on a system:

locate

What command utilizes a pre-made database that contains a list of all the files on a system?

locate

what two commands can be used to locate files on a filesystem?

locate and find

What configuration file contains parameters that set the default location for e-mail, password expiration information, minimum password length, and the range of UIDs and GIDs available for use?

Which of the following commands can be used to see files that are currently being used by a specific process ID (PID)?

lsof

Select the two window managers that have been used in GNOME:

metacity mutter

Leonard wants to find detailed information about the Bluetooth kernel module. Which of the following commands can he use to display this information?

modinfo bluetooth

What file under the proc directory contains information regarding what modules are currently loaded into the Linux kernel?

modules

To mount all filesystems in the /etc/fstab file that are intended to mount at boot time, what command can be used?

mount -a

To mount all filesystems in the /etc/fstab file that are intended to mount at boot time, what command can be used? a. mount -f b. mount -u c. mount -o d. mount -a

mount -a

To change the primary group temporarily to another group that is listed in the output of the groups and id commands, you can use which command below?

newgrp

Users can change their own passwords by typing passwd with ____ to specify the username.

no argument

In the output of the ps -l command, what column is the most valuable to systems administrators because it indicates what the process is currently doing?

process state

Which of the following can be included in a shell script to ask the user to type in a password and then store it in the variable named $password?

read -s -p "Please enter the password: " password

Which of the following commands will most likely increase the chance of a process receiving more time slices?

renice -12

What command below takes a list of arguments specifying the absolute or relative pathnames of files to remove?

What command below takes a list of arguments specifying the absolute or relative pathnames of files to remove? - rm - del - delete - remove

what two commands will work recursively if specified with the -R option?

rm and cp

The System Log Daemon rsyslogd loads what configuration file under /etc, as well as any files within which directory under /etc?

rsyslog.conf rsyslog.d

If a Linux installation ends abnormally and the screen displays a fatal signal 11 error, what type of error has occurred? a. page fault b. IRQ fault c. segmentation fault d. RAM failure

segmentation fault

Any error messages generated by a command is ____.

stderr

The information that is processed by the command during execution is ____.

stdin

Which of the following is a virtual filesystem that is made up of virtual files that a Linux operating system is able to export information to about kernel sub-systems, hardware devices, and device drivers to make it easy for users to access the information?

sysfs

In order to change keyboard layout if X Windows can't detect the layout, you should use what CLI command?

system-config-keyboard

When using Systemd, what command can be used to start, stop, and configure daemons to start automatically when the system starts?

systemctl

Which of the following commands will set the default runlevel of a Linux system?

systemctl set-default runlevel5.target

Each SCSI device attached to a system must be assigned an ID number. What is this ID number called? a. SCSI controller b. target ID c. SCSI number d. device ID

target ID

____ is a filter command that takes information from standard input and sends that information to a file, as well as to standard output.

tee

The amount of time a process has to use the CPU is called a(n) ____________________.

time slice

The amount of time a process has to use the CPU is called a(n) __________________________.

time slice

Which command is used to gain real-time information about processes running on the system, with the most processor-intensive processes appearing at the beginning of the list?

top

RAID level 6 is basically the same as RAID level 5, but it adds a second set of parity bits for added fault tolerance and allows up to two simultaneous hard disk drive failures while remaining fault tolerant. true or false

true

Which of the following commands will prompt you to answer a series of questions to help determine which time zone file you should use?

tzselect

What file system below is used by software programs that write to a CD-RW or DVD-RW drive? - udf - ntfs - hpfs - ext2

udf

Which command is used to create user accounts and update default information for new users?

useradd

What two log files below will show a history of all login sessions, or a list of users and their last login time, depending on which one is viewed?

wtmp lastlog

Using the syntax below, what command will create directories named one, two, and three? echo one two three | ___________ mkdir

xargs

in order to list all configuration parameters that can be modified for a sub-filesystem, what command should be issued?

zfs get all

What metacharacter can be used to refer to the current user's home directory?

In standard GRUB notation, select the option below that represents the first hard drive in a system, and the first partition on that hard drive.

(hd0,0)

In Fedora 20, where are user configured settings for Xorg stored?

/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/

Which option, when used with the mount command, enables loopback mode so that an iso image can be mounted onto a directory? a. -o loop b. --mode l c. --option l d. --loop

--loop

A user account can be locked with the usermod command using what option?

-L

What option should be used in conjunction with the lp command in order to specify the destination printer name?

-d

To create or edit a user cron table, you can use the ____ option to the crontab command.

-e

To display an entire list of processes across all terminals and including daemons, you can add the ____ option to any ps command.

-e

What option can be used with the ps command to display an entire list of processes across all terminals and including daemons?

-e

What option, when added to the crontab command, opens the vi editor with a user's cron table?

-e

What two ps options can be used to display a full list of information about each process, and a long list of information about each process?

-f -l

What two options below are used to tell the useradd command where a user's home directory will be, and where the skeleton directory is?

-k -d

In order to display a list of at job IDs, what option can be specified to the at command?

-l

In order to display a list of at jobs IDs, what option can be specified to the at command?

-l

Select the command below that can be used to provide a long listing for each file in a directory:

-l

To display a list of at Job IDs, you can specify the ____ option to the at command.

-l

which option, when used with the mount command, enables loopback mode so that an iso image can be mounted onto a directory?

-loop

What option, when added to the rm command, is commonly referred to as the -resume option? - r - d - f - i

-r

The mfks command can be issued with what switch in order to specify a filesystem type?

-t

The mkfs command can be issued with what switch in order to specify a filesystem type? a. -o b. -f c. -c d. -t

-t

. In vi, using command mode, what series of key presses below will cause the line on which the cursor is on to be deleted?

The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard specifies what directory as containing the Linux kernel and the boot loader configuration files?

/boot

What character device file represents the second serial port on a system (COM2)?

/dev/ttyS1

What character device file represents the second serial port on a system (COM2)? a. /dev/ttyS1 b. /dev/tty2 c. /dev/tty1 d. /dev/ttyS0

/dev/ttyS1

Which of the following files is where the default runlevel is set on some Linux systems?

/etc/inittab

Which of the following files is a binary file that contains the rules for calculating the time based on your time zone relative to epoch time?

/etc/localtime

The ____ environment file is always executed immediately after login for all users on the system, and sets most environment variables, such as HOME and PATH.

/etc/profile

What file in the /proc directory contains information about a computer's CPU? a. /proc/meminfo b. /proc/cpuinfo c. /proc/cpu_info d. /proc/proc_info

/proc/cpuinfo

To ensure that Linux has detected the correct amount of RAM in the filesystem after installation, you should view the contents of what file in the proc directory?

/proc/meminfo

To ensure that Linux has detected the correct amount of RAM in the system after installation, you should view the contents of what file in the proc directory?

/proc/meminfo

To ensure that Linux has detected the correct amount of RAM in the system after installation, you should view the contents of what file in the proc directory? a. /proc/meminfo b. /proc/memoryinfo c. /proc/mem d. /proc/cpuinfo

/proc/meminfo

The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard specifies what directory as the root user's home directory? - /root - /bin - /home/root - /boot

/root

You are troubleshooting an issue that occurs on a Linux system during the boot process. What file can be viewed on most Linux systems to see processes that started successfully or unsuccessfully specifically during the boot process? a. /var/log/boot.log b. /var/log/messages c. /var/log/startup.log d. /var/log/wtmp

/var/log/boot.log

Directory storing the shell environment and scheduled commands.

/var/spool/at

On a Fedora based system, where are the shell environment and scheduled commands for at stored?

/var/spool/at

On a Fedora based system, where are the shell environment and scheduled commands for at stored?

/var/spool/at

Where are individual user tasks scheduled to run with the cron daemon stored on a Fedora system?

/var/spool/cron/(the user's login name)

Where are scheduled commands stored on Ubuntu Linux systems?

/var/spool/cron/atjobs

Processes are started with what nice value by default?

1. Command option used to remove a specified member from the group account. 2. Command option used to specify the user's default login shell. 3. Command option used to allow assignment of a duplicate GID. 4. Command option used to change the user's login name. 5. Command option used to force the GID to what's entered at the command line. 6. Command option used to unlock specific user accounts. 7. Command option used to add a home directory for a new user. 8. Command option used to display all password expiration information for the specified user account. 9. Command option used to change the number of days the password is valid for the specified user account.

1. groupmod -R 2. useradd -s 3. groupadd -o 4. usermod -l name 5. groupadd -g 6. usermod -U 7. useradd -m 8. chage -l 9. chage -m

Select the mode below that corresponds to setting r-x:

Select the mode below that corresponds to setting r-x: - 2 - 5 - 1 - 6

What is the default print job priority for all print jobs created by the lp command?

The System Log Daemon uses what TCP and UDP port to accept incoming requests from another System Log Daemon on a remote system?

514

The System Log Daemon uses what TCP and UDP port to accept incoming requests from another System Log Daemon on a remote system?

514

At the vi command mode prompt, what key combination below will force a quit from the vi editor without saving changes? a. :q! b. :! c. :exit d. :q

:q!

Which of the following can be used for comparing values within an if statement? (Choose two.)

= -lt

When viewing the output of the ps ax command, what does a < symbol in the STAT column indicate for a process? a. The process is high priority b. The process is exiting c. The process is accepting redirected input from a terminal. d. The process is currently active on the processor.

Where are the log files for the Samba daemon located? a. /var/log/samba b. /var/run/samba/log c. /var/log/access.log d. /var/log/Samba/log

Detail shell scripts and explain how they are used and executed.

A shell script is meant to be run by the UNIX shell. These commands can be written in different types of scripting languages. These scripts can be used to start programs, manipulate files, and printing out text. Scripts can be executed from the command-line in UNIX.

A system that uses an /etc/passwd file only can be converted to use /etc/shadow for security by using what command? a. passwdconv b. pwconv c. passwd d. pwdcv

In Fedora 20, where are user configured settings for Xorg stored? a. /etc/X11/xorg.conf b. /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/ c. /etc/inittab d. /etc/X11.conf

In order to enable IP routing on Linux at boot, what setting must be configured in /etc/sysctl.conf? a. iproute.ipv4 b. net.ipv4.ip_forward c. ipv4.routing d. net.routing.enable

On Linux systems that use the traditional UNIX SysV init, what command below can be used to list and modify the runlevels that a daemon is started in? a. systemctl b. chkconfig c. autoservice d. run-daemon

On a Fedora based system, where are the shell environment and scheduled commands for at stored? a. /var/spool/cron/atjobs b. /var/spool/at c. /var/run/at d. /var/run/cron/at

Select the metacharacter that can be used to send the standard output of one command to another command as standard input: a. < b. | c. > d. #

Select the option that, when used with the gzip command, causes the compression ratio for files that have been compressed to be listed: a. -r b. -l c. -f d. -c

The Adaptive Lempel-Ziv compression algorithm used by the compress utility is capable of an average compression ratio of what percent? a. 30-40 b. 40-50 c. 50-60 d. 60-70

What System Log Daemon priority indicates an error that should be rectified immediately, such as a corrupt system database? a. info b. alert c. debug d. panic

What can be used on a Linux system to trace the lineage of each child process? a. process ID b. parent process ID c. execution order ID d. process fork ID

What character is used to delimit most Linux configuration files? a. tab b. colon c. space d. semicolon

What file controls the default runlevel when using Systemd? a. /etc/inittab b. /etc/systemd/system/default.target c. /etc/systemd/inittab.target d. /etc/systemd.conf

In an if construct, what statements are optional? Multiple Answer a. fi b. elif c. else d. then

B and C

What two log files below will show a history of all login sessions, or a list of users and their last login time, depending on which one is viewed? Multiple Answers a. secure b. wtmp c. lastlog d. xferlog

B and C

What two commands below can be used to modify the password expiry information and a user's default shell? Multiple Answers a. chexp b. chage c. shellmod d. chsh

B and D

After modifying the /etc/default/grub file, what command should be run to rebuild the grub config file? a. grub2-install b. gruv-config c. grub-mkconfig d. grub-compile

After modifying the /etc/default/grub file, what command should be run to rebuild the grub config files? a. grub2-install b. grub-config c. grub-mkconfig d. grub-compile

Select the option that can be used with the lpstat command to display a list of printers that are enabled: a. -o b. -a c. -p d. -e

The System Log Daemon uses what TCP and UDP port to accept incoming requests from another System Log Daemon on a remote system? a. 827 b. 1012 c. 514 d. 23

Which of the following commands can be used to create a BASH variable named CREATOR with the value of Torvalds?

CREATOR="Torvalds"

In the GNU Emacs editor, what key combination can be used to delete all characters between the cursor and the end of the line? a. Ctrl+k b. dd c. Ctrl+a d. Ctrl+d

Ctrl+k

A user account can be locked with the usermod command using what option? a. -U b. -u c. -l d. -L

Select below the configuration file that is used to configure the BIND / DNS server: a. /etc/dns.conf b. /etc/bind.conf c. /etc/resolv.conf d. /etc/named.conf

What command looks for a Makefile and uses the information within to compile the source code into binary programs using the appropriate compiler program for the local hardware architecture? a. install b. configure c. make install d. make

What keyword tells the Linux kernel to avoid printing errors to the screen during system startup? a. silent b. noerror c. whisper d. quiet

What log file contains information and error messages regarding network access generated by daemons such as ssd and xinetd? a. wtmp b. messages c. dmesg d. secure

What option can be used with the ps command to display an entire list of processes across all terminals and including daemons? a. -f b. -l c. -a d. -e

What option, when added to the crontab command, opens the vi editor with a user's cron table? a. -u b. -c c. -f d. -e

What permissions are required to execute a shell script in a manner similar to any other executable program on the system? a. read b. write and read c. execute d. read and execute

What range of ports is considered to be "well-known"? a. 10023-24433 b. 24434-65535 c. 1024-10023 d. 0-1023

What well-known TCP port is utilized by the SMTP service? a. 110 b. 22 c. 23 d. 25

When killing a background job with the kill command, the background job ID must be prefixed by what character below? a. & b. # c. $ d. %

What command can be used to search for DPM package information? a. dpkg-search b. dpkg-list c. dpkg-info d. dpkg-query

What yum command below can display a list of package group names? a. yum --list -g b. yum show groups c. yum list --groups d. yum grouplist

A system process that is not associated with a terminal is called a(n) ____ process.

Daemon

Dennis Ritchie invented what programming language, which was then used to rewrite the UNIX operating system?

True

Each process can start an unlimited number of other processes.

The LISP artificial intelligence programming language can be used with which text editor below? a. Kedit editor b. Nedit editor c. Joe editor d. Emacs editor

Emacs editor

Fedora 20 makes use of the XFree86 implementation of X Windows. True or False

False

On most Linux systems, the logrotate utility is automatically scheduled to run weekly. True or False

False

On most Linux systems, the logrotate utility is automatically scheduled to run weekly. True or False?

False

Regular users typically have a UID less than 100.

False

T or F: On most Linux systems, the logrotate utility is automatically scheduled to run weekly.

False

T or F: The killall command uses the PID to kill a process.

False

T/F - Given the syntax command && command, the command on the left of the && construct is executed only if the command on the right of the && construct completed successfully.

False

T/F - In a decision construct, you can have an unlimited number of if then statements.

False

The secure log file contains information regarding the last user to log in to a system. True or False?

False

To prevent a file from being cleared by the BASH shell and append output to the existing output, you can specify three > metacharacters alongside the file descriptor. True or False

False

Volumes can contain a filesystem but they can't be mounted to directories within the Linux filesystem hierarchy.

False

Zombie processes are also known as defunct processes. True or False

False

What command is most effective at identifying different types of files?

File

Filenames that start with a period, such as .file, are referred to as

Hidden Files

zfs get all

In order to list all configuration parameters that can be modified for a subfilesystem, what command should be issued?

In order to redirect a file to the standard input of a command, what meta character should be used?

In order to redirect a file to the standard input of a command, what metacharacter should be used?

chmod 7777 filename

In order to set all of the special permissions on a certain file or directory, which command below should be used on a file named filename?

(hd0,0)

In standard GRUB notation, select the option below that represents the first hard drive in a system, and the first partition on that hard drive.

xvidtune

Once X Windows is configured, what command can be used to fine tune the vertical and horizontal refresh rate?

The K desktop environment utilizes what window manager and toolkit below?

Qt toolkit kwin

What RAID level is commonly referred to as disk striping with parity? a. RAID4 b. RAID0 c. RAID5 d. RAID1

RAID 5

What two RAID types below utilize disk striping with parity, providing protection against one or two drive failures respectively? a. RAID6 b. RAID0 c. RAID5 d. RAID1

RAID 5 & RAID 6

What kill signal and number can be used to send an interrupt signal to a process, and is the same as using the Ctrl+c combination to kill a running process?

SIGINT 2

What signal name and number function as the absolute kill signal, and when issued, forces the Linux kernel to stop executing the process by sending the process's resources to /dev/null?

SIGKILL 9

The ____ kill signal terminates a process by taking the process information in memory and saving it to a file called core on the hard disk in the current working directory.

SIGQUIT

If a Linux installation ends abnormally and the screen displays a fatal signal 11 error, what type of error has occurred?

Segmentation fault

ls -l

Select the command below that can be used to provide a long listing for each file in a directory:

Select the command below that shows the size of a directory and its contents in kilobytes:

chroot

Select the command that can be used to change the root filesystem to a different directory, such as when in a rescue environment

fdisk

Select the command that can be used to create partitions that will be stored in an MBR after installation:

Select the escape sequence that starts a new line when used with echo:

What option can be used in the journald configuration file to specify a file size limit to the event log?

SystemMaxUse

What option can be used in the journald configuration file to specify a file size limit to the event log?

SystemMaxUse

Which of the following is a valid Linux initialization process?

Systemd SysV

Free Software Foundation (FSF)

The GNU General Public License (GPL) was developed by which organization?

4GB

The GUI components and related software take up how much space on a typical Linux installation?

How does the NICE value affect process priority? How and why can nice values by altered?

The NICE value (NI) can be used to affect the process priority indirectly, it is measured between -20 (a greater chance of a high priority) and 19 (a greater chance of a lower priority). The lower the number the more priority that task gets, if the nice value is high number like 19 the task will be set to its lowest priority and the CPU will process whenever it gets a chance. You can use the -n command line option to change the or adjust the nice value which adds a set of integer value to the niceness.

You can execute ____ main types of Linux commands.

Three

/proc/meminfo

To ensure that Linux has detected the correct amount of RAM in the system after installation, you should view the contents of what file in the proc directory?

False

To prevent a file from being cleared by the BASH shell and append output to the existing output, you can specify three > metacharacters alongside the file descriptor.

If the /etc/at.allow and /etc/at.deny files do not exist, only the root user is allowed to schedule tasks using the at daemon. True or False

True

Logs from the cron daemon (crond) can be viewed using the command journalctl _COMM=crond

True

T or F: After a process has been started, you can change its priority by using the renice command.

True

T or F: CUPS contains versions of the lpr, lpc, lpq, and lprm commands.

True

T or F: Each process can start an unlimited number of other processes.

True

T or F: If the /etc/at.allow and /etc/at.deny files do not exist, only the root user is allowed to schedule tasks using the at daemon.

True

T or F: When you print to a printer class, the print job is send to the first available printer in the printer class

True

T/F - After a process has been started, you can change its priority by using the renice command.

True

T/F - Any command that can be executed on the command line can also be placed inside any environment file.

True

T/F - Each process can start an unlimited number of other processes.

True

T/F - If the /etc/at.allow and /etc/at.deny files do not exist, only the root user is allowed to schedule tasks using the at daemon.

True

T/F - Most daemon scripts accept the arguments start, stop, and restart.

True

The newgrp command opens a new shell even if the command fails.

True

When you insert a DVD while in a GUI environment, it is automatically mounted by the system to a directory underneath the /media directory that is named for the label on the DVD.

True

When you print to a printer class, the print job is send to the first available printer in the printer class. True or False

True

-l; -f

What two ps options can be used to display a full list of information about each process, and a long list of information about each process?

systemctl

When using Systemd, what command can be used to start, stop, and configure daemons to start automatically when the system starts?

minor number

When viewing the version number for a Linux kernel, what number indicates the stability of the kernel?

service

Which command below can be used to start, stop, or restart any daemons in the /etc/init.d directory?

Which command below provides the easiest method for monitoring free space on mounted filesystems?

Which command can be used to count the number lines, words, and characters in a file?

SIGQUIT

Which kill signal terminates a process by taking the process information in memory and saving it to a file called core on the hard disk in the current working directory?

device calls

Which of the following is not one of the three main types of Linux commands?

Hiring people to maintain the Linux system

Which of the following is the greatest expense for companies using Linux?

Ctrl+g

Which of the following key combinations, commonly used in the vi editor command mode, displays current line statistics?

-F

Which switch below can be added to the ls command to show a list of files and their type?

Artistic

Which type of open source license ensures that the source code of a program is freely available while also allowing the original author of the source code some control over the changes made to it?

Due to the fact that the * character can be used to match all characters in a filename, or all files in a directory, it is referred to as a ____________ metacharacter.

Wildcard

The ____ option to the ps command displays all processes that do not run on terminals.

False

You are limited to using one pipe | metacharacter on the command line to pipe information from one command to another command.

/var/log/boot.log

What is the term for a ZFS managed filesystem that is created from ZFS pools?

ZFS volume

Using wildcard metacharacters, how can one indicate a number is either 1, 2, 3, or 4?

[1-4]

What two commands below will grant only the execute permission to username bob on file1, assuming that bob is the file's owner?

chmod 777 file1, chmod u=x file1

In order to set all of the special permissions on a certain file or directory, which command below should be used on a file named filename?

chmod 7777 filenam

What character is used to delimit most Linux configuration files?

colon

What two commands below will work recursively if specified with the -R option? (Select 2 answers.) - cp - rm - mkdir - mv

cp, rm

How many different kill signals can be sent by the kill command to a given process?

DVD

What installation media source is the most common source for Linux packages?

graphical.target

What is the default target on a system with a GUI installed?

What is the minimum number of user accounts that must be created at install time?

What number represents the stderr file descriptor?

At what runlevel does a Linux system have no daemons active in memory, allowing it to be safely powered off?

How many different kill signals can be sent by the kill command to give a process?

What can be used on a Linux system to trace the lineage of each child process?

PPID - Parent Process ID

When killing a background job with the kill command, you must prefix the background job IDs by a(n) ____.

What character, when appended to a command, causes the command to be run in the background?

When you append a(n) ____ to a command, the command is run in a background process.

On a CUPS printing system, to remove a print job that is in the print queue, you can use the ____________________ command followed by the print job IDs of the jobs to remove.

cancel

The killall command terminates ____________________________.

all instances of a process with the same name

A system administrator wants to schedule a task to run at 11 pm, but knows that she will not be in the office at that time. Which of the following commands can she use to schedule this task to run that night while she is at home?

Which of the following commands will display a list of the pending jobs to be run? (Choose all that apply.)

atq at -l at -q

A device that transfers data in a character-by-character fashion is referred to as what type of device?

character

Which of the following results would be created by the command sequence: echo 'apple banana carrot dog elephant' | while read a b c; do echo result: $c $b $a; done

carrot dog elephant banana apple

Which of the following virsh commands will display the total amount of memory as well as the amount of free memory for a node?

nodememstats

Which command should you run after installing a new kernel module to update the module dependency database?

depmod

What command provides the easiest method for monitoring free space on mounted filesystems?

In a process referred to as ____________________, when executing compiled programs or shell scripts, the BASH shell that interprets the command you typed creates a new BASH shell.

forking

What command can be used to check different kinds of filesystems on Linux for errors?

fsck

If the chage command is used without options, it is in ____ mode.

interactive?

What file in the /proc directory contains a list of memory address ranges reserved for device use?

ioports

What file in the /proc directory contains a list of memory address ranges reserved for device use? a. ioports b. meminfo c. iomem d. misc

ioports

A runaway process that is faulty and consuming mass amounts of system resources ________________________.

is a rogue process

Describe the purpose the process state column displayed by the ps -l command. What values may appear in this column, and what do these values indicate?

the -l option to the ps command lists even more information about each process than the -f option. The process state (S) column is the most valuable to systems administrators because it indicates what the process is currently doing. The values that may appear are the (S) value for sleeping, the (R) value is for running, the (T) value is for a process that has stopped or is being traced by another process and the (Z) value indicates a zombie process

forking

the act of creating a new BASH shell child process from a parent BASH shell process

What is the name of the concentric circles from where data is read from in a physical hard drive?

tracks

A computer connected to a remote hard disk via iSCSI is referred to as an iSCSI initiator. true or false

true

The more filesystems that are used on a system, the less likely a corrupted filesystem will interfere with normal system operations.

true

The database for the locate command can be updated manually by using the updatedb command. true or false

true

You can send the standard output of one command to another command as standard input using the ____ shell metacharacter.

Which character in the /etc/shadow file's encrypted password field means no password has been set for this user?

In order to redirect a file to the standard input of a command, what metacharacter should be used?

"<"

Which of the following characters can be entered at the beginning of a line in a shell script to ensure that line is recognized as a comment rather than try to execute it?

What character combination at the start of a shell script are referred to as a hashpling, and allow for the specification of the shell that interprets the contents of the script?

What file in the /proc contails info about a computer's CPU?

cpuinfo

The filesystem Hierarchy Standard specifies what directory as containing the Linux Kernel and the boot loader configuration files?

/boot

Under what directory is the Linux kernel stored?

/boot

Which device file below represents the first primary partition on the second PATA hard disk drive? a. /dev/hdb1 b. /dev/hdc2 c. /dev/hdc1 d. /dev/hda1

/dev/hdb1

In Fedora 20, where are user configured settings for Xorg stored?

/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/

Which file is a configuration file containing passwords and password expiration information for all user accounts?

/etc/shadow

Where is the skeleton directory located on most Linux systems?

/etc/skel

1. A Linux system process that provides a system service. 2. The default window manager for the GNOME Desktop Environment in Fedora 13 3. A UNIX SysV term that defines a certain type and number of daemons on a Linux system. 4. The component of X Windows that draws graphics to windows on the terminal screen. 5. A UNIX standard that is used to provide the structure of the system initialization process on Linux systems. 6. A recent version of the UNIX SysV system initialization process used on modern Linux distributions. 7. A Systemd term that is used to describe the number and type of daemons running on a Linux system. It is functionally equivalent to the UNIX SysV term runlevel . 8. The component of X Windows that requests graphics to be drawn from the X server and displays them on the terminal screen. 9. The partition searched for an operating system after the MBR/GPT. 10. A relatively new software framework used on Linux systems that provides a system initialization process and system management functions.

1. daemon 2. mutter window manager 3. runlevel?? 4. X server 5. UNIX Sys V 6. upstart 7. target unit 8. X client 9. active partition 10.Systemd

When used with the compress command, what option below can be used to compress symbolic links? a. -f b. -r c. -c d. -v

When used with the uncompress command, what option displays the contents of the compress file to Standard Output? a. -c b. -r c. -v d. -f

When viewing the output of the ps ax command, what does a < symbol in the STAT column indicate for a process? a. The process is high priority. b. The process is exiting. c. The process is accepting redirected input from a terminal. d. The process is currently active on the processor.

Where is the skeleton directory located on most Linux systems? a. /etc/skel b. /var/skel c. /etc/skeleton d. /var/skeleton

Which command should be used to restrict access to printers? a. lpadmin b. lpa c. lpr d. admin

RPM packages that require other RPM packages to be installed on a system prior to being installed creates a relationship known as? a. package dependency b. branching package c. family package d. recursing package

What construct is intended for use in processing a list of objects, such as files, directories, users, printers, and so on? a. for b. while c. case d. switch

RAID-Z

A ZFS volume that uses a variable stripe size and requires a minimum of three hard disks to protect against single disk failure is known as:

Select the two escape sequences that represent a horizontal tab and a vertical tab, respectively: Multiple Answer a. \V b. \t c. \v d. \b

A and B

What two files below are the first two BASH environment files to be executed? Multiple Answer a. /etc/profile b. /etc/bashrc c. ˜/.bashrc d. ˜/.bash_profile

A and B

The K desktop environment utilizes what window manager and toolkit below? Multiple Answer a. kwin b. mutter c. Qt toolkit d. GTK+ toolkit

A and C

Select the two keywords that can be used in the lilo.conf file in order to specify where LILO should be installed, and what parameters should be passed to the Linux kernel when loaded: Multiple Answer a. append= b. map= c. initrd= d. boot=

A and D

What two window managers is the Compiz Fusion window manager based upon? Multiple Answer a. compiz b. sawfish c. fvwm d. beryl

A and D

What two BASH environment variables represent the current working directory, and the absolute pathname of the current shell, respectively? Multiple Answer a. PWD b. CWD c. PATH d. SHELL

A and D

env

A list of all exported environment and user-defined variables in a shell can be viewed with what command below?

Each octet in an IP address represents a binary number consisting of how many bits / bytes? a. 4-bit b. 8-bit c. 4-byte d. 8-byte

The CUPS Web administration tool can be accessed via web browser by accessing what TCP port below? a. 780 b. 631 c. 4586 d. 8080

The GUI components and related software take up how much space on a typical Linux installation? a. 1 GB b. 2 GB c. 3 GB d. 4 GB

The process state column, what does an "R" indicate? a. The indicate process is being restarted because it received a SIGHUP kill signal. b. The process is currently running on the processor. c. The process is reading from the local hard disk. d. The process is recovering from a fatal error, and may potentially become a zombie.

Under what directory is the Linux kernel stored? a. / b. /boot c. /root d. /krnl

What command below can be used to re-install GRUB2 in the event that the boot loader becomes corrupted? a. grub-install b. grub2-install c. install_grub d. install_grub2

What command below is used to display the lineage of a process by tracking its PPID until the init daemon? a. psbranch b. pstree c. psparent d. pshead

What is the subnet mask for a Class B IP address? a. 255.0.0.0 b. 255.255.0.0 c. 255.255.255.0 d. 255.255.255.255

When using the compress utility, each file specified for compression is renamed with what extension? a. .cmp b. .c c. .Z d. .cpz

What configuration file contains parameters that set the default location for e-mail, password expiration information, minimum password length, and the range of UIDs and GIDs available for use? a. system.conf b. local.setup c. login.defs d. user.defs

What option can be added to the dpkg command to remove a specified package from the system, including any configuration files used by the package? a. -r b. -D c. -P d. -d

Select the two commands below that will provide the number of lines in a file, and the number of characters in a file, respectively: Multiple Answer a. count -c b. pr -d c. wc -l d. wc -c

C and D

The System Log Daemon rsyslogd loads what configuration file under /etc, as well as any files within which directory under /etc? Multiple Answers a. log.conf b. rsyslog.conf c. rsyslog.d d. log.d

C and D

What two files contain settings for the CUPS daemon and the configuration information for each printer installed on a system, respectively? Multiple Answers a. /etc/prnt.config b. /etc/cupsd.conf c. /etc/cups/cupsd.conf d. /etc/cups/printers.conf

C and D

A user account can be locked with the usermod command using what option? a. -U b. -u c. -l d. -L

The sshd daemon is configured by editing what configuration file? a. /etc/sshd.config b. /etc/ssh/ssh_config c. /etc/ssh.conf d. /etc/ssh/sshd_config

What command below can be used to uninstall the LILO bootloader from an active partition? a. lilo --remove b. lilo -d c. lilo delete d. lilo -U

Which of the following is not one of the three main types of Linux commands? a. binary programs b. shell scripts c. shell functions d. device calls

target ID

Each SCSI device attached to a system must be assigned an ID number. What is this ID number called?

Each device attached to a system can be represented by multiple device files.

False

Fedora 20 makes use of the XFree86 implementation of X Windows. True or False?

False

Fedora 20 makes use of the XFree86 implementation of X Windows.

False

T or F: The secure log file contains information regarding the last user to log in to a system.

False

T or F: Zombie processes are also known as defunct processes

False

T/F - The /etc/rc.d/rc 5 script only executes files that start with S in the /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/ directory.

False

T/F - The SIGINT kill signal is the default kill signal used by the kill command.

False

T/F - The init daemon has a PID of 0.

False

T/F - The killall command uses the PID to kill a process.

False

T/F - The ps command is the only command that can view process information.

False

T/F - Users can create their own custom variables, called shell variables.

False

T/F - You are limited to using one pipe | metacharacter on the command line to pipe information from one command to another command.

False

The /etc/rc.d/rc 5 script only executes files that start with S in the /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/ directory.

False

Describe how forking works, and how it affects the parent process.

Forking is the creation of a new subshell; it is carried out by the fork function in the BASH shell. It is used to create processes. It takes no arguments and returns a process ID. The purpose of fork is to create a new process which becomes the child process of the caller, after a new child process is created both processes will execute the next instruction following the fork system call.

/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/

In Fedora 20, where are user configured settings for Xorg stored?

X Windows

In Linux, the core component of the GUI is known as:

In Linux, what runlevel is also known as the multiuser mode?

In a SCSI chain the highest priority SCSI device is given what SCSI ID?

sixth

In a cron table entry, what field specifies the absolute pathname to a command that is to be executed?

cd ../..

In order to move from the /home/joe/test/data to the /home/joe directory, what command below should be issued?

swapoff

In the event that you wish to disable a swap partition, what command must be used?

process state

In the output of th ps -l command, what column is the most valuable to systems administrators because it indicates what the process is currently doing?

The process is currently running on the processor.

In the process state column, what does an "R" indicate?

The ____________________ environment variable contains a list of directories to search for executable programs.

PATH

A process's identifier that allows the kernel to identify it uniquely.

PID

When a computer first initializes, the system BIOS performs a(n) ____________________.

POST

In the output of the ps -l command, the ____ column is the most valuable to systems administrators because it indicates what the process is currently doing.

Process state

A ZFS volume that uses a variable stripe size and requires a minimum of three hard disks to protect against single disk failure is known as:

RAID Z

What two special permissions can be applied in order to effectively allow a user to become owner of a file, or become a member of a group, by executing a file?

SUID SGID

loadavg

Select the file in the /proc directory that contains statistics on the performance of the processor

Select the metacharacter that can be used to send the standard output of one command to another command as standard input:

Select the mode below that corresponds to setting r-x:

Select the regular expression metacharacter that matches 0 or more occurrences of the previous character.

[ A -gt B ]

Select the test statement that can be used to determine if A is numerically greater than B

[ A gt B ]

Select the test statement that can be used to determine if A is numerically greater than B

memtest86

Select the utility below that when run will start and perform a thorough check of RAM for hardware errors:

____ are files that are typically used to create custom programs that perform administrative tasks on Linux systems.

Shell scripts

The ____ field in a cron table contains the absolute pathname to the command to be executed.

Sixth

live media image

Some Linux distributions have the ability to boot an image from install media and run entirely from RAM. What is the name for this kind of image?

If enough unique letters of a directory name have been typed, what key can be pressed to activate the BASH shell's completion feature? a. Tab b. Ctrl c. Alt d. Esc

Tab

/boot

The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard specifies what directory as containing the Linux kernel and the boot loader configuration files?

Emacs editor

The LISP artificial intelligence programming language can be used with which text editor below?

echo $PS1

The default BASH shell prompt is set by an environment variable. What command can be used to view this variable?

set

The environment variables that are set by default and their current values can be viewed with what command?

-t

The mkfs command can be issued with what switch in order to specify a filesystem type?

In the process state column, what does an "R" indicate?

The process is currently running on the processor.

In the process state column, what does an "R" indicate?

The process is currently running on the processor.

When viewing the output of the ps ax command, what does a < symbol in the STAT column indicate for a process?

The process is high priority.

the mode of the file

The section of an inode that stores permissions is referred to as what?

cat data

To display the contents of a text file called data, what command should be used?

Each process can start an unlimited number of other processes. True or FAlse

True

Everyone has permission to view the /etc/passwd file's contents.

True

If the /etc/at.allow and /etc/at.deny files do not exist, only the root user is allowed to schedule tasks using the at daemon. True or False

True

If the /etc/at.allow and /etc/at.deny files do not exist, only the root user is allowed to schedule tasks using the at daemon. True or False?

True

Logs from the cron daemon (crond) can be viewed using the command journalctl _COMM=crond True or False

True

T/F - Most commands such as ls, find, and grep are binary programs that exist on the filesystem until executed.

True

T/F - The BASH shell assumes stdout in the absence of a numeric file descriptor.

True

T/F - The ENV environment variable represents the location of the BASH run-time configuration file.

True

T/F - While a process is waiting for its parent process to release the PID, the process is said to be in a(n) zombie state.

True

T/F - You can choose to use a window manager only, and not use a desktop manager.

True

T/F - You can use the sed command to remove unwanted lines of text.

True

The first thing you must do after creating a user is set the password.

True

When you print to a printer class, the print job is send to the first available printer in the printer class. True or False?

True

While a process is waiting for its parent process to release the PID, the process is said to be in a(n) zombie state. T/F

True

You can choose to use a window manager only, and not use a desktop manager.

True

You can choose to use a window manager only, and not use a desktop manager. True or False

True

You can use the sed command to remove unwanted lines of text. True or False

True

Zombie processes are also known as defunct process. True or FAlse

True

Zombie processes are also known as defunct processes. True or False?

True

Much like the SysV init daemon, the Systemd init daemon is used to start daemons during system initialization as well as start and stop daemons after system initialization. True or False

True

RAID5

What RAID level is commonly referred to as disk striping with parity?

SCSI-3 Ultra2 Wide

What SCSI type supports speeds of up to 80 MB/second?

g+r-w

What argument can be used with the chmod command to add read permission and remove write permission for a group on a file?

What character, when appended to a command, causes the command to be run in the background?

pvcreate

What command below can be used to create a new physical volume?

fsck

What command can be used to check different kinds of filesystems on Linux for errors?

grubby

What command can be used to configure the LILO, ELILO, GRUB, and GRUB2 bootloaders?

tail -5

What command can be used to display the last five lines of a text file?

DEC PDP-7

What computer system was the first to run the UNIX operating system?

for

What construct is intended for use in processing a list of objects, such as files, directories, users, printers, and so on?

It removes all extra ACL assignments on a given file.

What does the setfacl -b command do?

/etc/profile

What environment file is always executed immediately after login for all users on the system, and sets most environment variables, such as HOME and PATH?

modules

What file under the proc directory contains information regarding what modules are currently loaded into the Linux kernel?

write

What permission (when assigned to a file) grants a user the ability to open, read, and edit the contents of a file?

write

What permission grants a user the ability to open, read, and edit the contents of a file?

PWD; SHELL

What two BASH environment variables represent the current working directory, and the absolute pathname of the current shell, respectively?

kill; killall

What two commands below can be used to stop a process, either by PID number or process name?

--loop

Which option, when used with the mount command, enables loopback mode so that an iso image can be mounted onto a directory?

To change the primary group temporarily to another group that is listed in the output of the groups and id commands, you can use which command below?

newgrp

When a user creates a file or directory, that user's name and ____________________ becomes the owner and group owner of the file, respectively.

primary group

What command below is used to display the lineage of a process by tracing its PPIDs until the init daemon?

pstree

What command below is used to display the lineage of a process by tracing its PPIDs until the init daemon?

pstree

What command is used to display the lineage of a process by tracing its PPIDs until the init daemon?

pstree

A system that uses an /etc/passwd file only can be converted to use /etc/shadow for security by using what command?

pwconv

A system that uses an /etc/passwd file only can be converted to use /etc/shadow for security by using what command?

pwconv

What keyword tells the Linux kernel to avoid printing errors to the screen during system startup?

quiet

Which of the following characters, when pressed while the top program is running, will allow you to change the niceness of a process?

The ____________________ command takes user input from stdin and places it in a variable specified by an argument.

read

If a file's permissions are set to 760, what permission(s) are available to the group assigned to the file?

read write

Processes that have encountered an error during execution and continuously uses up system resources are referred to as ________________ processes.

rogue

If a Linux installation ends abnormally and the screen displays a fatal signal 11 error, what type of error has occurred?

segmentation fault

The environment variables that are set by default and their current values can be viewed with what command?

set

On a system using the KVM hypervisor, which of the following modules would you expect to see as part of the output of the lsmod command on a guest Linux virtual machine?

virtio

in the fdisk interactive mode, what letter can be used to save partition table and exit?

In the fdisk interactive mode, what letter can be used to save changes to the partition table and exit? - w - s - q - d

Which of the following commands can be used to schedule very frequent recurring tasks, such as running once every minute?

watch

Which of the following commands will count the number of lines in a file named data.csv?

wc -l data.csv

The ____________________ command only searches directories that are listed in a special variable called the PATH variable in the current BASH shell.

which command

Which of the following states describe a process that is waiting for a parent process to release its PID?

zombie

The state and performance of a RAID-Z volume can be viewed using what two commands? (Select two answers.) a. zpool iostat b. zpool status c. zfs iostat d. zfs status

zpool iostat, zpool status

Which character(s) below represent extended regular expression metacharacter(s)?

{}

If incompatible X Windows settings are configured, where will the errors that are generated be written to?

~/.xsession-errors

What configuration file contains parameters that set the default location for e-mail, password expiration information, minimum password length, and the range of UIDs and GIDs available for use?

Segmentation faults can sometimes be fixed by performing what two tasks below? a. perform a full reinstall of OS b. turn off CPU cache memory c. increase the number of memory wait states in BIOS d. update the Linux kernel

turn off CPU cache memory, and increase the number of memory wait states in BIOS

What option, when added to the rm command, is commonly referred to as the -resume option?

-r

200 MB

. What is the recommended size for the /home directory?

Select the command below that shows the size of a directory and its contents in kilobytes:

What character, when appended to a command, causes the command to be run in the background?

& (and command) &

In standard GRUB notation, select the option below that represents the first hard drive in a system, and the first partition on that hard drive.

(hd0,0)

Select the regular expression metacharacter that matches 0 or more occurrences of the previous character. a. + b. ^ c. ? d. *

Select the option that can be used with the lpstat command to display a list of printers that are enabled:

-p

What option can be added to the userdel command to remove the home directory of the target user?

-r

What option can be added to the userdel command to remove the home directory of the target user?

-r

The GUI components and related software take up how much space on a typical Linux installation?

4GB

select the mode below that corresponds to setting r-x

The CUPS Web administration tool can be accessed via web browser by accessing what TCP port below?

631

There are ____ different kill signals that the kill command can send to a certain process.

You can use the BASH shell to redirect standard output and standard error from the terminal screen to a file on the filesystem using the ____ shell metacharacter followed by the absolute or relative pathname of the file.

Which of the following will take output from a command and append it to the end of a file?

A list of all exported environment and user-defined variables in a shell can be viewed with what command below? a. env b. set c. setenv d. getenv

At what runlevel does a Linux system have no daemons active in memory, allowing it to be safely powered off? a. 0 b. 1 c. 6 d. 7

IPv6 IP addresses are delimited by what character below? a. : b. . c. , d. ;

In order to display a list of at job IDs, what option can be specified to the at command? a. -l b. -u c. -a d. -d

In the /etc/lilo.conf file, what keyword should be specified in order to provide the absolute pathname to the Linux kernel? a. image= b. default= c. install= d. root=

In the output of the ps -l command, what column is the most valuable to systems administrators because it indicates what the process is currently doing? a. process state b. process flag c. process priority d. PID

On Linux, the root user always has a UID of what number? a. 0 b. 1 c. 23 d. 500

Once X Windows is configured, what command can be used to fine tune the vertical and horizontal refresh rate? a. xvidtune b. xvideotune c. xtune d. vidtune

What character, when appended to a command, causes the command to be run in the background? a. & b. $ c. # d. %

What command can be used to assign a TCP/IP configuration to a NIC as well as view the current configuration of all network interfaces? a. ifconfig b. ipconf c. ipconfig d. ifconf

What command can be used to display the contents of a file that was compressed with the compress utility? a. zcat b. ccat c. cat d. acat

What command can be used to replace characters in a file sent via Standard Input? a. tr b. rt c. ts d. st

What number represents the stdin file descriptor? Correct a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3

What option can be added to the rpm command in order to query packages? a. -q b. -v c. -h d. -i

What option can be added to the userdel command to remove the home directory of the target user? a. -r b. -d c. -R d. -x

What option can be used in the journald configuration file to specify a file size limit to the event log? a. SystemMaxUse b. Max_file_size c. Journal_Limit d. SizeLimit

What options can be used in the journald configuration file to specify a file size limit to the event log a. SystemMaxUse b. Max_file_size c. Journal_Limit d. SizeLimit

What stage of the GRUB boot loader typically resides on the MBR / GPT? a. Stage1 b. Stage1.5 c. Stage2 d. Stage2.5

What stage of the GRUB boot loader typically resides on the MBR/GPT? a. Stage 1 b. Stage 1.5 c. Stage 2 d. Stage 2.5

In the process state column, what does an "R" indicate? a. The indicated process is being restarted because it resceived a SIGHUP kill signal. b. The process is currently running on the processor. c. The process is reading from the local hard disk. d. The process is recovering from a fatal error, and may potentially become a zombie.

What operator below is known as the NOT operator? a. -o b. -a c. ! d. %

An RPM package can be converted to a cpio archive using what command? a. conv_arch b. rpmconv c. rpm2cpio d. cpioconv

How many different kill signals can be sent by the kill command to a given process? a. 16 b. 32 c. 64 d. 128

If no level of compression is specified, the gzip command assumes what compression level? a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7

In order to send a print job to a printer using CUPS, what command must be used? a. print b. pl c. lp d. pr

Most Linux distributions make use of what package manager? a. PRM b. MPR c. RPM d. RMP

Select the option that can be used with the lpstat command to display a list of printers that are enabled: a. -o b. -a c. -p d. -e

The System Log Daemon uses what TCP and UPD port to accept incoming requests from another System Log Daemon on a remote system? a. 827 b. 1012 c. 514 d. 23

The dump/restore utility is limited to a maximum of how many different incremental backups? a. seven b. eight c. nine d. ten

The environment variables that are set by default and their current values can be viewed with what command? a. env b. get c. set d. setenv

To change the primary group temporarily to another group that is listed in the output of the groups and id commands, you can use which command below? a. newgroup b. groupmod c. newgrp d. groupadd

What command can be used to configure the LILO, ELILO, GRUB, and GRUB2 bootloaders? a. boot-config b. loaderconf c. grubby d. parted

What tool below was designed as a secure remote access utility that encrypts information that passes across the network? a. Virtual Network Computing (VNC) b. Telnet c. Secure Shell (SSH) d. rlogin

Select the command below that shows the size of a directory and its contents in kilobytes: - du - sizeof - df - dir

What command shows the size of a directory and its contents in kilobytes?

What is the name given to a process not associated with a terminal?

daemon process

Which of the following is not one of the three main types of Linux commands?

device calls

The default BASH shell prompt is set by an environment variable. What command can be used to view this variable?

echo $PS1

The quotas for certain users can be edited b using which command?

edquota

After a background process has been started, it can be moved to the foreground by using the ____ command.

After a background process has been started, what command below can be used to move it to the foreground?

Any command that can take standard input and transform it into standard output is called a(n) ____________________ command.

filter

Which of the following commands should you use to specify that you want to use Git for version tracking on them?

git add

What command below can be used to re-install GRUB2 in the event that the boot loader becomes corrupted?

grub2-install

What two processes below will show up as PID 1, depending on whether a system uses UNIX SysV or Systemd init processes?

int systemd

Which of the following commands can be used to only show jobs that have been paused.

jobs -s

In Fedora 20, the logging system used to record the messages normally stored within the boot.log, messages, and syslog files has been replaced by a journaling database system called? a. journald b. systemd c. logd d. messaged

journald

Which of the following commands will show a number of environment variables that start with LC_?

locale

In order to send a print job to a printer using CUPS, what command must be used?

Adding the -t option to what command below will provide a list of all printers on the system and their status?

lpstat

Select the commands that can be used to extend a volume group and logical volume respectively: (Select 2 answers) a. lvextend b. vgextend c. lvm_extend d. pgextend

lvextend, vgextend

Which of the following commands can be used to create and manage a software RAID configuration after installation?

mdadm

what are two commands that van be used to prepare a swap partition and then enable it for use?

mkswap and swapon

Select the two commands below that can be used to prepare a swap partition and then enable it for use: (Select 2 answers) a. swapit b. mkswap c. swapon d. mkfs.swap

mkswap, swapon

Which command allows you to find out which group has a GID of 100?

more /etc/group | grep 100

To mount all filesystems in the /etc/fstab file that are intended to mount at boot time, what command can be used??

mount -a

Which of the following commands will display a list of Systemd units sorted by the time they took to load?

systemd-analyze blame

To display a text file in reverse order, what command should be used? a. tee b. tac c. cat d. sed

tac

What command can be used to display the last five lines of a text file?

tail -5

The section of an inode that stores permissions is referred to as what?

the mode of the file

In the process state column, what does an "R" indicate?

the process is currently running on the processor

When viewing the output of the ps ax command, what does a < symbol in the STAT column indicate for a process?

the process is high priority

When you run the ps command, how are daemon process recognized?

there is a question mark in the TTY column

Which of the following commands will list the time zones available on a Linux system?

timedatectl list-timezones

An alias has previously been created named showauth. Which of the following commands can be used to get rid of that alias?

unalias showauth

How many times will the following loop execute as part of a script: #!/bin/bash COUNTER=0 while [ $COUNTER -lt 7 ] do echo "hello world" done

30

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