30) Pollution Basics & CFC's + Ozone

Which of the following is a criteria pollutant established by the Clean Air Act of 1977 that the EPA is responsible for setting standards for? A. Sulfur oxides B. Carbon dioxide C. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) D. DDT E. A & B F. All of the above

A. Sulfur oxides

Sulfates that are emitted into the atmosphere will chemically react with water and the fall back to Earth's surface in precipitaton that has a low pH. This is an example of

Acid Deposition

_______________ is a series of chemical reactions that occur in the stratosphere that create and break down ozone.

Chapman Process

Which of the following is part of the mechanism that creates the ozone hole? A. A polar vortex prevents ozone from being replenished over Antarctica. B. Chloride ions are inactivated by sticking to the ice crystals that form stratospheric clouds. C. The ozone hole occurs during the southern hemisphere's summer when stratospheric clouds form. D. Ozone is destroyed during the southern hemisphere's winter when insolation is absent. E. A & B F. All of the above

E. A & B

Which of the following pollutants are commonly known to undergo biomagnification? A. DDT B. Mercury C. Sulfuric acid D. Ozone E. A & B F. All of the above

E. A & B

T/F Despite the banned use of chlorofluorocarbons in the mid-1990's, the concentration of these pollutants has not declined.

False

T/F The most common form of acid deposition is wet deposition (i.e., acid rain).

False

T/F Approximately 99% of incoming UV radiation is absorbed in the stratosphere and doesn't reach Earth's surface.

True

The type of electromagnetic radiation that causes skin cancer is:

UVB

A human-induced pollutant that enters the environment is called a(n) _________________ pollutant

anthropogenic

Some pollutants increases in concentration within an organism over time; this phenomenon is known as

bioaccumulation

A pollutant that is added to the environment across a wide area is considered a(n)

nonpoint source

Vibrio are a type of bacteria that are typically found in salty water. They infect humans primarily when they eat undercooked seafood. Vibrio are a(n)

pathogen

A pollutant in the environment that is formed from the chemical reaction of other pollutants is called a(n) ___________ pollutant

secondary

The environmental variable that measures the amount of particles suspended in the water is

turbidity