3.32 Unit Test: Cell Biology - Part 1

During the electron transport chain, which process leads to the production of large amounts of ATP? A. High-energy electrons pump hydrogen ions against the concentration gradient. B. Water is broken down into oxygen and hydrogen ions to produce ATP C. Energy carriers release carbon dioxide that flows through the mitochondrial membrane. D. NADH combines with FADH2 to produce large amounts of ATP

A. High-energy electrons pump hydrogen ions against the concentration gradient.

Which statement is correct about the Krebs cycle? A. The Krebs cycle produces electron carriers for the electron transport chain. B. Oxygen is a waste product of the Krebs cycle. C. In the Krebs cycle, carbon dioxide is used to make glucose. D. Acetyl-CoA combines with pyruvic acid to make glucose in the Krebs cycle.

A. The Krebs cycle produces electron carriers for the electron transport chain.

When an athlete is nearing the end of a race and her cells are low on oxygen, what is likely to occur in her cells so that glycolysis can continue to produce ATP? A. fermentation B. cell-to-cell communication C. protein synthesis D. DNA synthesis

A. fermentation

Read the passage to answer the question. Vegetable farmers often plant soybeans every few years. Rotating crops breaks up the life cycles of many insect pests, and the soybean plants provide the soil with nitrogen. Other crop plants need the nitrogen to grow well. A field of soybean seeds has been planted on a farm in Indiana. As soon as the first leaves emerge from the seed, photosynthesis begins. Which substance is the chemical food source for the soybean plants? A. glucose B. sunlight C. carbon dioxide D. water

A. glucose

Read the passage to answer the question. Even though scorpions are related to spiders, there are many differences between the two organisms. One difference is that scorpion young do not hatch from eggs as spiders do. Scorpions are born live, two at a time, and they immediately crawl onto the mother's back for protection and care. They remain there for two weeks as they grow big enough to take care of themselves. As baby scorpions grow larger, which process occurs in their body (somatic) cells? A. Meiosis splits the chromosome numbers by four. B. Mitosis makes copies of the cell nuclei. C. Meiosis produces all of the new body cells. D. Mitosis separates one cell into four cells.

B. Mitosis makes copies of the cell nuclei.

How may a gene be defined? A. a complete protein B. a segment of DNA C. a part of the cell membrane D. a segment of a protein

B. a segment of DNA

Which compound is released by photosynthesis and used in aerobic respiration? A. carbon dioxide B. oxygen C. ATP D. water

B. oxygen

Read the passage to answer the question. Even though scorpions are related to spiders, there are many differences between the two organisms. One difference is that scorpion young do not hatch from eggs as spiders do. Scorpions are born live, two at a time, and they immediately crawl onto the mother's back for protection and care. They remain there for two weeks as they grow big enough to take care of themselves. Scorpion cells undergo aerobic respiration, just as human cells do. During aerobic respiration, which process takes place? A. Glucose and oxygen are released. B. Carbon dioxide and glucose are made. C. Oxygen is used, and ATP is made. D. Carbon dioxide and water are used.

C. Oxygen is used, and ATP is made.

Read the passage to answer the question. Even though scorpions are related to spiders, there are many differences between the two organisms. One difference is that scorpion young do not hatch from eggs as spiders do. Scorpions are born live, two at a time, and they immediately crawl onto the mother's back for protection and care. They remain there for two weeks as they grow big enough to take care of themselves. Baby scorpions are born with fully developed bodies, each with many special parts such as a stinging tail. Which process enables baby scorpions to develop various kinds of body parts from a single zygote? A. meiosis B. cell breakdown C. cell differentiation D. reproduction

C. cell differentiation

Which outcome is the main function of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis? A. to release oxygen into the atmosphere B. to convert carbon dioxide into water C. to produce ATP and NADPH for the light-independent reactions D. to break down glucose into pyruvic acid

C. to produce ATP and NADPH for the light-independent reactions

Which outcome is the main function of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis? A. to use up excess carbon dioxide B. to produce oxygen C. to produce glucose D. to use up water

C. to produce glucose

A soybean plant uses cellular respiration to generate usable chemical energy. This is released within the cell as molecules of which substance? A. chlorophyll B. glucose C. carbon dioxide D. ATP

D. ATP

Read the passage to answer the question. Even though scorpions are related to spiders, there are many differences between the two organisms. One difference is that scorpion young do not hatch from eggs as spiders do. Scorpions are born live, two at a time, and they immediately crawl onto the mother's back for protection and care. They remain there for two weeks as they grow big enough to take care of themselves. How do the number of chromosomes in a female scorpion's egg cells compare with the number in her body (somatic) cells? A. There are twice as many chromosomes in egg cells. B. The number of chromosomes depends on the size of the scorpion. C. The number of chromosomes is the same in both. D. There are half as many chromosomes in egg cells.

D. There are half as many chromosomes in egg cells.

In a cell that is undergoing mitosis, what first happens to the chromosomes after the nuclear envelope breaks down? A. They pair up as homologous chromosomes. B. They are moved to either pole of the cell. C. They replicate to make a new copy of DNA D. They line up at the equator of the cell.

D. They line up at the equator of the cell.

Read the passage to answer the question. Even though scorpions are related to spiders, there are many differences between the two organisms. One difference is that scorpion young do not hatch from eggs as spiders do. Scorpions are born live, two at a time, and they immediately crawl onto the mother's back for protection and care. They remain there for two weeks as they grow big enough to take care of themselves. The skin cells of a scorpion organize together to make a hard covering called a carapace, which helps protect the scorpion. Which term names a group of similar cells working together? A. system B. organ C. organism D. tissue

D. tissue