4 VOTING AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION

Which of the following would be MOST important consideration in prospective voting

A candidate's campaign promises would carry the most weight in prospective voting.

voter fatigue

A phenomenon that occurs when voters lose interest in politics as a result of being asked to vote too frequently and on too many different issues.

According to political scientist Robert Putnam, how did the political environment of the 1950s and 1960s differ from that of the present?

According to Robert Putnam, social capital and civic engagement were higher in the 1950s and '60s than they are today.

In which of the following forms of protest would Americans be MOST likely to participate?

Americans would be most likely to participate in signing petitions.

Conventional Participation

Culturally acceptable political activity that communicates preferences through established institutions.

sit-ins

Nonviolent forms of protest in which an individual or group occupies a public or private area.

People would be more likely to participate in the political process in which of the following cases?

People are more likely to participate in the political process when someone asks them to get involved.

Unconventional participation

Political activity that takes place outside of established institutions and challenges cultural norms.

Which factors are MOST likely to increase the chances that a citizen will participate in politics?

Resources and motivation are two factors that greatly influence the chances that a citizen will participate in the political process.

Single-member districts contribute to which of the following?

Single-member districts contribute to voters' resistance to "wasting" votes.

What does the Consumer Confidence Index use to predict presidential election results?

The Consumer Confidence Index uses voters' views on the economy to predict presidential election results.

Why did the McCain campaign select Sarah Palin as the Republican vice-presidential candidate in 2008?

The McCain campaign selected Sarah Palin as the Republican vice-presidential candidate in 2008 for a number of reasons, including the fact that she balanced the ticket, represented a "Washington outsider," and reached out to female voters.

What was the purpose of the Motor Voter Act?

The Motor Voter Act was passed to make voter registration and re-registration easier (and to ultimately enfranchise more citizens).

Which of the following countries had the lowest voter turnout between 1960 and 2000?

The United States had the lowest voter turnout between 1960 and 2000.

Which of the following was the civil rights movement known for?

The civil rights movement was known for using unconventional forms of participation like sit-ins and marches.

Socioeconomic status

The combination of education, occupation, and income that can be used to gauge one's position in society.

social capital -

The degree of civic connectedness within a political community.

franchise

The right to vote.

In the 2016 presidential election, roughly what percentage of Democrats and Republicans alike voted for their own party's nominee?

The strength of partisan loyalty is such that only major events or issues cause voters to reevaluate their partisan loyalties.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the strength of partisan loyalty?

The strength of partisan loyalty is such that only major events or issues cause voters to reevaluate their partisan loyalties.

Voters support for incumbents is strongly related to which of the following?

Voter support for incumbents is strongly related to their own financial security.

voter turnout

A statistic representing the number of voters who cast a ballot in a given election.

midterm elections

Federal elections occurring between presidential election years.

According to the text, what personal characteristics of presidents like Ronald Reagan and John F. Kennedy helped them to connect with American voters?

According to the text, the speechmaking abilities of presidents like Ronald Reagan and John F. Kennedy helped them to connect with American voters.

Which of the following activities would Americans be LEAST likely to participate in?

Americans would be least likely to work or volunteer for a campaign; only 5 percent reported doing so in 2018.

Which of the following forms of unconventional participation was MOST effective in the bringing about legislative policy change?

Civil rights activism resulted in major legislative policy change at the federal level.

Freedom Rides

Demonstrations held during the civil rights movement of the 1960s in which activists would ride public transportation (mainly buses) into Southern states in order to protest racial segregation.

Which of the following considerations tend to diminish differences in voter turnout due to race?

Differences in voter turnout due to race tend to diminish when socioeconomic factors are considered.

Which campaign tactic has been on the decline since the rise of new media?

Door-to-door canvassing has declined since the rise of the internet.

Which of the following countries has mandatory voting but does not enforce it?

France has an unenforced policy of mandatory voting.

Among which racial group was turnout lowest in the 2016 presidential election?

Hispanic Americans had the lowest turnout in 2016.

Which of the following groups reported the highest levels of voter registration and turnout in 2016?

Hispanic Americans had the lowest turnout in 2016.

In 2010, what percentage of voters identified themselves as pure independents?

In 2010, 16 percent of voters identified themselves as pure independents.

What probably hurt Senator John Kerry's election chances the MOST in the 2004 presidential race?

Senator John Kerry's reputation as a flip-flopper probably hurt his election chances the most in the 2004 presidential race.

What might supporters of mandatory voting argue?

Supporters of mandatory voting might argue that voting is a civic duty.

How did the 26th Amendment affect voter turnout?

The 26th Amendment expanded the franchise to include the age groups least likely to vote, which may have contributed to lower levels of voter turnout overall.

Which constitutional amendment did unconventional participation contribute to the passage of?

The 26th Amendment was passed, in part, as a result of unconventional political participation.

In which of the following ways is the United States attempting to make it easier for people to participate elections?

The United States is attempting to make it easier for people to participate in elections by offering convenience voting.

Which of the following political systems comes closest to that of a true democracy?

The political system of ancient Greece came closest to that of a true democracy.

Which of the following might be considered a disadvantage of mandatory voting?

The possibility of uninformed voters skewing election results might be considered a disadvantage of mandatory voting.

balancing the ticket

The practice of presidential nominees selecting a running mate who broadens the public appeal of the campaign.

The lowest voter turnout rate by education level was among which group of Americans in 2016?

Turnout in the 2016 election was lowest among individuals who did not complete high school.

Which of the following statements BEST describes historical trends in voter turnout?

U.S. voter turnout trends have shown decreased participation in both presidential and congressional elections—but with a few exceptions, like the 2018 midterms.

prospective voting

Voter behavior that evaluates candidates based on forecasts of their future political behavior.

retrospective voting

Voter behavior that evaluates candidates based on their experience or past performance.

Which of the following aspects of the U.S. electoral system can affect voter turnout?

Voter fatigue occurs when citizens begin to lose interest in politics because of the large number of elections they are asked to follow.

Which of the following would e considered a form of conventional political participation?

Voting would be considered a form of conventional political participation.

If you decide to vote for a candidate because you like what she has promised to do once in office, you are engaging in what type of voting?

When the economy is strong, incumbents will encourage people to vote for them based on their past performance in office.

Which of the following candidates would be the MOST likely to encourage the public to engage in retrospective voting?

When the economy is strong, incumbents will encourage people to vote for them based on their past performance in office.

What group of voters saw the largest increase in voter turnout in 2008?

Younger African Americans increased turnout with the greatest percent change over 2004 numbers—an increase of eight percent.