4.9 Comprehensive Final Exam
When the electrons strike the target, ____________________ are generated.
99% heat and 1% x-rays
Which of the following is an extraoral film that is placed outside the mouth during dental x-ray exposure procedures?
Cephalometric
Developer strength can be checked by using:
A reference image and stepwedge image
Occlusal radiographs can be used for:
Locating retained roots of extracted teeth
Which of the following statements is true regarding federal and state regulations on the use of dental x-ray equipment?
Most states have laws that require inspections of dental x-ray equipment on a regular basis.
The dentist who is credited making the first dental radiograph in 1895 is:
Otto Walkhoff
Quality assurance in the dental office is a way of ensuring that everything possible is being done to produce high-quality diagnostic images and includes quality control:
Tests and administration procedures
Which of the following statements is true concerning the structure of the atom?
The orbital path of an electron around the nucleus is called an electron shell
The uses of dental images include the detection of:
abnormalities in surrounding hard and soft tissues
The bisecting-angle instrument (BAI) uses _____ to determine the correct PID angulation.
aiming rings
According to the test for x-ray film freshness, the film is fresh and has been properly stored and handled when the processed film appears clean with a slight ______ tint.
blue
In panoramic imaging, _____ rotate(s) around the patient.
both the image receptor and the tubehead
The ______ used in the panoramic x-ray machine tubehead is a lead plate with an opening shaped like a narrow vertical slit.
collimator
Dental images are the property of the:
dentist
A panoramic image allows the dentist to do all of the following except:
determine if a tooth is percussion sensitive
Basic principles of the bitewing technique include the:
film sensor is placed parallel to the crowns of the teeth
_____ hardens the film emulsion during film processing.
fixing
The location where x-rays are produced in the x-ray tube is called the:
focal spot
A patient wearing earrings or glasses must remove them before a panoramic x-ray image exposure; otherwise, a _____ will appear on the image.
ghost image
The device that intensifies or increases the effect of the radiation and decreases the amount of exposure time needed when exposing an extraoral radiograph is a(n):
intensifying screen
When mounting radiographs, it is important to:
label the mount with the patient's name and date before mounting the films.
A ghost image will appear _____ than normal and on the _____ side of the image.
larger; opposite
Automatic film processing requires _____ than manual film processing does.
less equipment
A radiograph that has an overall gray appearance is generally preferred. This radiograph is said to have:
low contrast
The most critical component in film processing quality control is:
maintaining the freshness of the processing solutions
The exposure controls allow the _____ to be adjusted on the panoramic x-ray unit, to accommodate patients of different sizes.
milliamperage and kilovoltage
Failure to obtain informed consent from a patient prior to exposure of dental radiographs can lead to charges of:
negligence
Vertical angulation
remains
How well the image reproduces fine detail or distinct outlines of an object is called:
sharpness
In dentistry, the __________ the wavelengths of the x-rays, the greater their energy and their usefulness.
shorter
When the master switch is on:
the electron cloud is emitted
The most commonly used film size for adult intraoral dentistry is size:
#2
For a film to be properly processed, it should be left in a fixer solution, at full strength, for:
2 min
The silver halide crystals are located within which of the following layers of the radiographic film?
Gelatin that suspends the emulsion
Horizontal angulation is:
Side to side angulation
Fixer cutoff will result in a _____ border.
Straight black.
When taking a premolar bitewing image, the anterior edge of the film sensor should be placed:
on the distal half of the canine
The correct position of the Frankfort plane for a diagnostically correct panoramic image is:
parallel to the floor
The Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act is a federal law that requires all:
persons who use x-rays to take dental images to be properly trained and certified
When using an x-ray sensor, it is important to always:
place the sensor parallel to the incisal or occlusal edge of the teeth
Anterior teeth that appear fat are caused by the:
the patient's teeth positioned too far back in the bite block
When taking radiographs using film, the white side of the film is always placed:
toward the teeth
To avoid a lead apron artifact on a panoramic radiograph:
uses a lead apron without a thyroid collar place the lead apron low around the neck of the patient so that it does not block the x-ray beam
The safelight in the darkroom can be tested by:
using the coin test