4th Grade Math Vocabulary Multiplication and Division

fact family

A group of related facts that use the same numbers. Also called related facts.

variable

A letter or symbol that represents a number.

equation

A mathematical sentence with an equals sign. The amount on one side of the equals sign has the same value as the amount on the other side.

area model

A model of multiplication that shows each place value product.

divisible

A number that can be equally divided with a remainder of 0.

dividend

A number that is divided by another number.

multiple

A product of a given whole number and any other whole number.

algorithm

A step-by-step method for computing.

reasonableness

An answer that is based on good number sense.

array

An arrangement of objects in equal rows.

Associative Property of Multiplication

Changing the grouping of three or more factors does not change the product.

Commutative Property of Multiplication

Changing the order of the factors does not change the product.

partial products

Multiplication method in which the products of each place value separately, and then added together

related facts

Related addition and subtraction facts or related multiplication and division facts. Also called fact family.

remainder

The amount left over when one number is divided by another.

quotient

The answer to a division problem.

product

The answer to a multiplication problem.

multiplier

The first factor in a multiplication equation; it tells how many time the other factors will be multiplied.

divisor

The number by which another number is divided.

multiply

The operation of repeated addition of the same number.

Distributive Property

The property that states if you multiply a sum by a number, you will get the same result if you multiply each addend by that number and then add the products. a(b + c) = ab + ac

factor

The whole numbers that are multiplied to get a product.

divide

To separate into equal groups and find the number in each group or the number of groups.

partial product

method of multiplying, where one, tens, hundreds, etc. are multiplied separately and then the products are added together