5017 Praxis Study Questions

Luther and Barbara wanted to start a business in the engineering field. They were trying to decide between hiring one staff member and using the leftover money to purchase new inventory, or hiring two staff members to increase their marketing reach. These choices would be an example of... a. needs b. scarcity c. opportunity cost. d. supply and demand.

a. This situation describes a choice, not a need, which is something a person absolutely requires. b. Scarcity refers to situations when there is not enough supply to meet demand, which does not apply to this situation. c. Opportunity cost refers to the cost of the loss of one option when it is rejected for another. d. Supply and demand refers to the number of goods and their demand, which isn't the case here.

What advantage did the colonists have over the British in the American Revolution? a. vast financial wealth b. superior weaponry c. strong leadership and knowledge of the terrain d. a professional military and access to mercenaries

a. While some colonists were quite wealthy, colonial wealth paled in the face of British wealth b. The colonists did not have superior weaponry c. CORRECT. The colonial military did have strong leaders, and an intimate knowledge of the terrain, many having been born there. d. Britain had an experienced military with substantial experience fighting in Europe and elsewhere. In addition, King George III hired Hessian mercenaries from Germany to supplement British troops.

The phrase born and bred to the purple is an example of which of the following literary elements? a. hyperbole b. personification c. simile d. idiom

ANSWERS a.

The sentence below is an example of a "despite the fact that the larger dog was ten times its size, the tiny dog continued to bark with ferocity." a. simple sentence b. compound sentence c. complex sentence d. compound-complex sentence.

ANSWERS a.

What error has been made in the sentence below? "Lucy thought the first movie was better then the second one." a. The verbs are past tense b. Then indicates time, not comparison. c. one is a dangling modifier d. the subject is misplaced

ANSWERS a.

What is finger spelling? a. making crayon rubbings of sandpaper letters b. using the hands to sign letters c. counting letters in words using fingers d. writing letters in trays of colored sand

ANSWERS a.

What is the purpose of sight word instruction? a. to help students learn letter-sound correspondences to improve accuracy b. to help students manipulate sounds in words to improve auditory skills c. to help students recognize words automatically to improve fluence d. to help students use words parts to improve reading comprehenstion

ANSWERS a.

Which Best describes the theme of a story? a. the way the story is organized b. the lesson the author wants to teach c. the basic idea the author wants to convey d. the point of view of the story

ANSWERS a.

Which behaviors best demonstrate focusing on a speaker during active listening? a. moving around and eye contact b. sitting up straight and interjecting questions c. frowning and crossed arms d. eye contact and leaning forward

ANSWERS a.

Which best states the purpose of the drafting stage of the writing process? a. revising the story's first paragraph b. organizing ideas in a story element chart c. drafting the exposition of the story d. sharing the story with a classmate

ANSWERS a.

Which best states the purpose of the rewriting stage of the writing process? a. presenting outcomes b. organizing ideas c. correcting errors d. recording thoughts

ANSWERS a.

Which genre features animals and includes an explicit moral lesson? a. myth b. fable c. legend d. fairy tale

ANSWERS a.

Which is the best writing style for a research paper? a. expository b. descriptive c. narrative d. persuasive

ANSWERS a.

Which is the primary reason elementary students learn how to paraphrase and cite information form outside sources? a. to learn the names of authors b. to identify secondary sources c. to avoid plagiarism d. to condense writing

ANSWERS a.

Which of the following can be classified as a narrative writing? a. an opinion piece on a political candidate b. an essay on the causes and effects of erosion c. a poem that evokes the feeling of a spring thunderstorm d. a funny story about an adventure at the zoo.

ANSWERS a.

Which of the following is NOT a positive nonverbal clue in active listening? a. smiling at the speaker b. leaning forward slightly c. looking down at the floor d. sitting up straight

ANSWERS a.

Which of the following is considered an unreliable research source? a. a self-published report b. an edited book of essays c. a newspaper article d. a university study

ANSWERS a.

Which of the following statements about the sentence below is true? "The trail is for advanced hikers because of it's steep incline." a. the sentence is written correctly b. there should be a comma before because c. the word it's should be possessive d. The verb should be past tense

ANSWERS a.

Which of the following is NOT one of the amendments in the Bill of Rights? a. citizens have the right to bear arms. b. The Senate must have equal representation. c. Citizens have the power of eminent domain. d. The government cannot quarter troops in private homes.

ANSWERS a. According to the second amendment, US citizens have the right to bear arms. b. CORRECT. The Bill of Rights does not determine representation in Congress. c. The Fifth Amendment states that private property cannot be seized for public use without proper compensation. d. The Third Amendment prohibits the government for quartering troops in private homes.

Which of the following most contributed to the fall of the ancient Egyptians? a. the death of Cleopatra b. Alexander the Great conquering their land c. severe droughts d. Canaanite settlers entering Egypt

ANSWERS a. After Cleopatra's death, ancient Egypt became part of the Roman Empire. b. The Egyptians welcomed him, and the new administration was based on an Egyptian model. c. Severe droughts started in 2200 BCE. d. The Canaanite settlers accepted Egyptian governance.

Which of the following is most likely a lasting influence ancient Romans had on modern society? a. the development of direct democracy b. the usage of columns in architecture c. the development of republican democracy d. literacy

ANSWERS a. Athenian democracy is the first known example of direct democracy; furthermore, the Romans did not practice this form of government. b. The Greeks developed columns, the Romans adopted them c. CORRECT d. The earliest known written language is cuneiform, developed by the Sumerians.

Which part of the word dream is a phoneme? a. ea b. dr c. eam d. re

ANSWERS a. CORRECT the diphthong ea produces one small unit of sound, /e/ that cannot be reduced into a smaller unit b. the consonant bled dr can be separated into two smaller units of sound c. the word part eam contains two small units of sound d. the word part re includes tow sounds and does not represent an appropriate way of breaking the word down

A student is able to orally substitute the initial consonant /g/ for /b/ in the word boat to make the word goat. What concept is the student demonstrating? a. phonemic awareness b. letter-sound correspondence c. phonological awareness d. manipulation of onsets and rimes

ANSWERS a. CORRECT, phonemic awareness is an understanding of how phonemes can be orally manipulated to change the meaning of words b. when a student connects oral sounds to written letters, he or she is demonstrating an understanding of phonics c. phonemic awareness is only one part of phonological awareness d. when students are able to orally manipulate onsets and rimes, they are demonstrating one aspect of phonological awareness

Segregation was found unconstitutional by which of the following Supreme Court decisions? a. Brown v. Board of Education b. Plessy v. Ferguson c. Scott v Sandford d. Korematsu v. US

ANSWERS a. CORRECT. Brown v. Board of Education found that keeping races separate (in this case, in segregated schools) could not ensure that all people would receive equal treatment, and that segregation was therefore unconstitutional. b. Plessy v. Ferguson upheld segregation. c. Scott v. Sandford upheld and strengthened the Fugitive Slave Act, thereby upholding the Kansas-Nebraska Act and effectively abolishing the Missouri Compromise. d. Korematsu v. US ruled the constitutionality of the Japanese internment camps during WWII.

According to Confucianism, and ideal society... a. is based on respect for authority and wisdom, making harmonious interaction a priority. b. allows respectful debate and discussion to encourage learning and the development of wisdom. c. encompasses a diverse group of people, to gather wisdom from different cultures. d. values hierarchy and enforces a caste system.

ANSWERS a. CORRECT. Confucius taught others to respect authority (filial piety) and encouraged group harmony. b. Confucianism does not encourage the questioning of authority; this would risk harmonious interaction with others. c. Confucianism does not focus on cultural diversity. d. While Confucianism values hierarchy, it does not feature a caste system

Asking citizens to be civil minded and independent and making the people as a whole sovereign is characteristic of: a. republicanism b. government. c. economics. d. communism.

ANSWERS a. CORRECT. Republicanism also stresses natural rights as central values. b. There many forms of government that does not necessarily. c. Economics is the study of the production and consumption of wealth. d. Communism stresses that all property is owned publicly by a classless society.

The US entered WWI largely because of which of the following? a. the Zimmerman Telegram b. the rise of Nazi Germany c. the assassination of Franz Ferdinand d. the attack on the Lusitania

ANSWERS a. CORRECT. The Zimmerman Telegram, a German offer to assist Mexico in attacking the US, forced the US to enter WWI, following a series of other German provocations. b. Nazi Germany did not exist until the 1930's. c. While the assassination of Franz Ferdinand triggered the First World War in Europe, the US did not enter the conflict until later. d. The attack on the Lusitania angered many Americans but was not sufficient to trigger US entry into the conflict..

Which of the following led to the French Revolution? a. food shortages, heavy taxation of the peasants and bourgeoisie, and Enlightenment thought. b. the rise of Napoleon and militarization of French culture c. the Congress of Vienna and shifting diplomatic alliances in Europe d. the concentration of power under the monarchy that resulted from the reign of Louis XIV

ANSWERS a. CORRECT. The peasants and bourgeoisie were dissatisfied with bearing the brunt of a heavy tax burden; meanwhile, poor harvests led to food shortages and panic in rural areas. These factors, along with Enlightenment thought and recent revolutions elsewhere, spurred the French Revolution. d. Napoleon came to power after the French Revolution, providing stability in a chaotic period. c. The Congress of Vienna was a conference held after he initial defeat of Napoleon to determine the future of Europe. It occurred after the French Revolution. d. The reign of Louis XIV weakened the nobility and centralized power under the king. However, his reign alone did not cause the Revolution, and he was long dead by the time it began.

Which of the following are major physical regions in the continental United States? a. humid continental, humid subtropical, Mediterranean, marine, desert b. humid continental, humid subtropical, taiga, tundra, Mediterranean c humid continental, Mediterranean, marine, taiga, tropical rainforest. d. the Sun Belt, the Bible Belt, and the Coasts

ANSWERS a. CORRECT. These are all major physical regions in North America. b. While Alaska has taiga and tundra, it is not considered part of the continental US. c. While Hawaii and US territories in the Caribbean and Pacific Ocean have tropical rainforest, they are not considered part of the continental US. d. These terms may be used in human geography, anthropology, or history but not in physical geography.

Which of the following is an event that successfully ended the Cold War? a. the August coup b. the fall of the Berlin Wall c. the Cuban missile crisis d. the success of the Sputnik program

ANSWERS a. CORRECT. This 1991 event in which members of the Soviet government attempted to take control from Mikhail Gorbachev contributed to the dissolution of the USSR, effectively ending the cold war. b. The fall of the Berlin Wall dissolved communism in Germany. c. The Cuban missile crisis was in 1962, at the height of the Cold War. d. This event happened at the height of the Cold War

Which of the following would be the most useful for studying population patterns within the state of Texas over a period of time? a. a bar graph detailing population numbers over a period of 30 years. b. a map of the number of people living in different parts of Texas in the year 2000 c. a photograph showing how many people were at a state fair. d. a bar graph detailing population percentages compared with other states.

ANSWERS a. CORRECT. a bar graph that features the population over a number of years would help researchers analyze population patterns. b. While a population map may help, it only details one year; more information is needed to analyze population patterns. c. This photograph does not indicate the population in the whole of Teas. d. Researchers would use this to compare the population of Texas with that of other states.

All of the following contributed to the destruction of Native American populations in North America except: a. colonists overuse of natural resources such as bison and timber b. transfer of smallpox form Europeans to Native Americans c. violent conflict over land and resources between Europeans and Native Americans. d. geographical displacement by colonists

ANSWERS a. CORRECT. colonists use of natural resources had little impact on the size of the Native American population b. Smallpox decimated Native American populations, which had never been exposed to the disease. c. Ongoing violent conflicts between European colonizers and Native Americans over hundreds of years caused thousands of deaths and led to social breakdown among some Native American societies. d. Colonization and related conflict forced tribes to move from their traditional lands.

According to Adam Smith, in a free market a. the government does not interfere with the economy. b. workers own the means of production. c. wages and private property have been abolished. d. a dictatorship is necessary to maintain a strong economy.

ANSWERS a. CORRECT. in laissez-faire (free market theory), the government lets the invisible hand of the market correct problems in the economy. b. In socialism, not free market capitalism, workers own the means of production. c. Both wages and private property are important elements of free market capitalism. d. Lenin Believed that dictatorship was necessary to maintain a communist society. In a free market, the government does not have to work to maintain the economy.

A teacher asks, "What word am I trying to say, /p/ /i/ /n/?" and instructs students to say the word. Which strategy is the teacher using to build phoneme awareness? a. phoneme blending b. phoneme deletion c. phoneme segmentation d. phoneme substitution

ANSWERS a. CORRECT. the strategy of phoneme blending requires students to combine phonemes to make a word b. this requires students to remove phonemes in words to make new words c. this requires students to separate the phonemes in a word d. this requires students to replace phonemes in words to make new words.

Even after the end of slavery, African Americans in the rural South still suffered due to a. sharecropping, which kept them in heavy debt, often to their former "masters." b. the colored Farmers' Alliance, which was organized to limit their efforts to become independent farmers. c. the Reconstruction Acts, which specifically punished Southern blacks who did not join the Union army. d. labor unions, which advocated for white workers' rights in factories in urban areas and ignored rural issues.

ANSWERS a. CORRRECT. Sharecropping perpetuated racial inequality in the South. b. The colored Farmer's Alliance assisted African American farmers. c. The Reconstruction Acts did not include this provision. d. While labor unions championed urban workers, most of whom were white, this was not in direct opposition to efforts to advance African Americans in the South.

Which of the following cannot shift a demand curve? a. changes in income b. price of related goods c. production costs d. consumer tastes

ANSWERS a. Change in income is a determinant of demand. As buyers are able to buy more, the real price of goods changes based on the income effect. b. As the price of related goods increases, overall demand can increase. c. CORRECT. production costs can impact the supply curve, but not of the demand curve. d. If consumers lose interest in a product or gain a new interest in it, the demand curve can shift accordingly.

The Intolerable Acts included all of the following except a. the Boston Port Act. b. the Quartering Act. c. The Alien and Sedition Acts. d. the Massachusetts Government Act

ANSWERS a. Closing the port of Boston was a major blow to the colonies and one of the Intolerable Acts. b. Forcing colonists to take British soldiers into their homes outraged colonial subjects c. CORRECT. The Alien and Sedition Acts were implemented during John Adams' administration d. The Massachusetts Government Act punished the colonists by revoking local control of Massachusetts.

Which of the following did NOT contribute to the outbreak of the American Revolution? a. the Boston Tea Party, in which colonists threw 298 chests of tea into the sea b. Britain banning further westward expansion with the Proclamation of 1763. c. General Thomas Gage ordering troops to capture Thomas Jefferson and Samuel Adams d. Charles Townshend taxing glass, oil, lead, and paint

ANSWERS a. Colonists were enraged that Britain adjusted the Tea Act to benefit the Crown. b. The Great Proclamation was at odds with colonial desire for expansion. c. CORRECT. While troops were ordered to capture Samuel Adams, they were not asked to capture Thomas Jefferson. d. The chancellor of the exchequer imposed these duties in 1767.

The Reconstruction Acts a. immediately improved conditions for African Americans in the South. b. immediately benefited the Southern economy. c. were widely considered fair in Congress and by Southerners. d. Imposed Norther military control over the South.

ANSWERS a. Conditions for most freed slaves did not immediately improve; they continued to face widespread violence and discrimination. b. With damage to agricultural land and existing infrastructure, the Southern economy and many Southerners suffered; reconstruction programs did not immediately take effect. c. Radical Republicans felt that the Reconstruction Acts did not go far enough in punishing the South; others in Congress felt they were too harsh. Likewise, many in the South felt they were unfair. d. CORRECT. The Reconstruction Acts effectively placed the South under martial law.

While the Crusades enriched Europe in many ways, they did NOT... a. bring new knowledge to the West. b. result in lasting land gains. c. provide religious indulgences for crusaders. d. offer the opportunity to gain personal wealth

ANSWERS a. Crusaders returned to Europe having been exposed to new knowledge and technology from the Middle East. b. CORRECT. European powers controlled some areas in the Levant, but only temporarily. c. Crusaders were entitled to indulgences - forgiveness for any sins committed in conflict d. One incentive for Europeans to fight in the crusades was the possibility of amassing personal wealth through plunder.

The Meiji Restoration was a. a Japanese attempt to restore traditional Japanese culture practices. b. a period of modernization and westernization in Japan. c. the early stage of Japanese imperialism in Asia, when it invaded Korea. d. a cultural movement in Japan to restore Shintoism and traditional poetry.

ANSWERS a. During the Meiji Restoration, Japan abolished traditional institutions and began pursuing Western-style development. b. CORRECT. The Meiji Restoration was a period of industrialization and westernization in Japan. c. The Meiji Restoration occurred prior to its imperial incursions throughout Asia. d. The Meiji Restoration was a socioeconomic movement, not a return to traditional cultural practices.

Which of the following does not describe gender roles? a. Gender roles feature behaviors considered appropriate for each sex by society, which generally acknowledges only male and female. b. There is a consensus that gender roles are socially constructed. c. gender roles center on the ideas of masculinity and femininity. d. prevailing gender roles have been challenged.

ANSWERS a. Gender roles are behavioral norms that influence human behavior. b. CORRECT. There is debate over the degree to which gender is defined by physical features, social and cultural expectations, or both c. Femininity and masculinity are the main concepts of gender. d. Notions of gender roles, gender identity, and inequality continue to e debated in public discourse.

Which of the following terms best describes a situation in which the federal government prevents the only Internet service company in a local community from raising its prices? a. economic regulation b. social regulation c. opportunity cost d. scarcity

ANSWERS a. In this instance of economic regulation, the government is controlling prices by preventing a monopoly. b. Social regulation works to ensure ethical business practices. In this example, the government is only concerned with prices. c. Opportunity cost describes making one choice at the expense of another; it does not apply to this situation. d. If the supply of a product cannot meet demand for it, the result is scarcity; that concept does not apply in this situation.

Which of the following terms describes the economic principle of allowing industry to grow without any government intervention? a. interdependence a. free-market economy c. communism d. monopoly

ANSWERS a. Interdependence describes the circumstances in which economic actors rely on each other to meet their needs. b. CORRECT. in a free-market economy, the prices of goods and services are determined by sellers and consumers. c. communism is an economic and social system in which resources are collectively owned. d. When one business dominates an entire industry, it holds a monopoly

An English-Language Learner who attempts to write simple sentences but uses a very limited vocabulary is functioning at which of the following language proficiency levels? a. L1 b. L2 c. L3 d. L4

ANSWERS a. L1 level is not yet attempting to write simple sentences b. CORRECT. L2 is very beginning stages of reading and writing and has a very limited vocabulary c. L3 demonstrates expanded vocabulary and ability to speak in more complex sentences

The Kingdom of Mali developed due to its... a. control of the trans-Saharan trade routes. b. ability to repel Islamic influences from the north. c. control over gold and salt resources. d. control of the trans-Saharan slave trade.

ANSWERS a. Mali did not control the trans-Saharan trade routes b. The Kingdom of Mali embraced Islam c. CORRECT Mali became wealthy due to gold and salt, valuable natural resources. d. Mali did not control the trans-Saharan slave trade.

Slaves were originally brought to the Americas as part of the triangular trade in order to do all of the following EXCEPT a. work on cotton plantations. b. work on sugar plantations. c. work in colonists' homes. d. work in textile factories.

ANSWERS a. Many thousands of enslaved persons from Africa and of African origin were forced to harvest cotton. b. Many thousands of slaves from Africa and of African origin were forced to work on sugar plantations. c. Some slaves were forced to do housework. d. CORRECT. Factories developed during the Industrial Revolution, and so were not present in the colonies while the slave trade was active.

Which of the following best describes the motivation for the reformer Martin Luther? a. He originally sought to develop a new form of Christianity separate from the Catholic Church. b. He tried to reform the Catholic Church because he was unhappy with its teachings and its corruption. c. He was influenced by European political leaders, who used him to limit the power of the Church. d. He tried to topple the Catholic Church, believing it to have become too corrupt.

ANSWERS a. Martin Luther was a Catholic monk; he originally sought reform within the Catholic Church b. CORRECT. Martin Luther and his followers opposed corruption in the Church and wanted changes. c. The Reformation was not originally a political movement. d. Martin Luther initially wanted reform; he did not want to overthrow the papacy or the Church.

In South America, how was the Inca Empire able to consolidate its power? a. The Inca used advanced military technology to conquer neighboring peoples. b. The Inca converted people to their own religion, gaining followers and loyal subjects. c. The Inca used their mastery of high altitude transportation to expand their empire. d. The Inca grew their empire by bringing in migrants from other parts of South America

ANSWERS a. Military technology was not the primary reason the Inca Empire became so large. b. The Inca did not focus on mass conversion as a reason for empire building. c. CORRECT. Advanced transportation in high altitude terrain enabled the Inca military to range widely throughout the Andes. d. The Inca did not encourage migration into the areas they controlled.

Implied powers are powers that... a. are specifically listed in the Constitution. b. belong to the states. c. are not specifically listed but are needed to perform other listed duties. d. exist because the US is a sovereign nation.

ANSWERS a. Powers specifically listed in the Constitution are called expressed powers. b. Powers that belong to the states are called reserved powers. c. CORRECT. Powers that are not listed but are necessary for the functioning of the government are called implied powers. They are made possible by the elastic clause. d. Powers that are derived for US sovereignty are called inherent powers.

Which of the following presidents was responsible for the New Deal? a. Herbert Hoover b. Rutherford Hayes c. Franklin D. Roosevelt d. Jimmy Carter

ANSWERS a. President Hoover was President during the Great Depression. b. Rutherford Hayes served from 1877 to 1881. c. CORRECT. Franklin D. Roosevelt supported laws that helped those unemployed and impoverished due to the Great Depression. d. Jimmy Carter served from 1977 to 1981

Russia built its empire by... a. strengthening its navy to colonize overseas. b. overland expansion, moving eastward into Asia and Siberia, and westward into Europe. c. remaining isolated, avoiding expansion and focusing on industrialization instead. d. converting Asian peoples form Islam to Russian Orthodox Christianity.

ANSWERS a. Russia's strategy was land-based expansion; it did not have a strong navy until the twentieth century. b. CORRECT. Russia expanded to the east, taking control of Siberia. Russia also moved westward, and controlled parts of Eastern Europe. c. Russia expanded and employed developmental strategies under a number of tsars. d. Russia was not actively seeking to convert Muslims to Christianity.

Antitrust law strengthens market forces to prevent monopolies. Which of the following terms best describes the implementation of antitrust law? a. social regulation b. economic regulation c. health regulation d. social security

ANSWERS a. Social regulations deal with how businesses behave, such as prohibiting harmful behaviors. b. CORRECT. Antitrust law breaks up monopolies to allow fair competition within the economy. c. Any health regulations would be classified as social regulation. d. Social security provides direct assistance to individuals; it does not affect the market in the sense.

Which of the following is an example of human geography? a. studying climate b. studying the spread of Christianity across the world c. studying the effect of land features on animals and plants d. studying continental movement over a period of time

ANSWERS a. Studying climate only addresses the earth's physical processes. b. CORRECT. Human geography studies the relationship between humans and the physical world; studying how Christianity spread worldwide would need to address this relationship. c. Studying the effect of land features on animals and plants does not address humans and so is physical geography. d. Studying the movement of continents is an example of physical geography.

Which of the following is a positive effect of urbanization? a. increased tenement housing b. sanitary conditions c. political machines d. increased employment opportunities

ANSWERS a. Tenement housing created poor living conditions due to its unsanitary conditions. b. Disease were common because of rapid population increases and poor living conditions. c. corrupt politicians would provide services to immigrants only if people voted for them. d. Urbanization itself is the development of urban areas due to the arrival of job seekers; employment opportunities are themselves pull factors.

Which of the following are examples of primary sources? a. original photographs, first-hand newspaper reports, textbooks, and interviews b. memoirs, original photographs, first-hand newspaper reports, and diary entries c. speeches, newspaper reports, essays, and reviews d. essays, reviews, textbooks and analytical papers

ANSWERS a. Textbooks are not primary resources. b. CORRECT. All of these are examples of primary resources. c. While speeches are primary sources, only first-hand newspaper reports count as primary resources. If they are reported, then they are considered secondary resources. Essays and reviews are secondary sources. d. These are all examples of secondary resources. d. These are all examples of secondary resources.

During the Berlin Conference, European imperial powers a. negotiated trade agreements with important Chinese cities. b. established Apartheid in South Africa. c. determined which parts of Africa would be controlled by which European powers. d. formed the Triple Alliance.

ANSWERS a. The 1884 Berlin Conference focused on Africa, not China. b. The Apartheid system was not formally established until the early twentieth century. c. CORRECT. The 1884 Berlin Conference determined the division of Africa among the European imperial powers. This was done without regard for or consultation with Africans. d. The Triple Alliance was established by Germany, Austria, Hungary, and Italy

Which of the following continents is located in both the Eastern and Western Hemispheres? a. Europe b. Africa c. North America d. A and B

ANSWERS a. The Eastern and Western hemispheres are divided by the Prime Meridian, which intersects the European countries of the United Kingdom, France, and Spain. Furthermore, Ireland and Portugal are located in the Western Hemisphere. b. The Prime Meridian intersects Africa which puts in in both hemispheres. c. North America is located entirely in the Western Hemisphere. d. CORRECT. Both Europe and Africa are located in both the eastern and western hemisphere.

In the Emancipation Proclamation, President Lincoln declared an end to slavery... a. in Kentucky and Missouri b. in the Union only c. in slave states that had not seceded from the Union d. in the rebel states

ANSWERS a. The Emancipation Proclamation applied to rebel states; Missouri and Kentucky did not secede. b. Lincoln freed the slaves in the Confederacy with the Emancipation Proclamation, not in the Union. c. The Emancipation Proclamation applied to the rebel states. d. CORRECT. The Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves in the Confederacy.

Which of the following is an example of a social liberally policy enacted during the presidency of Barack Obama? a. the passage of an Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution b. the legalization of same-sex marriage throughout the US c. reduction in rates of imprisonment d. a more equitable, progressive income tax

ANSWERS a. The Equal Rights Amendment was never ratified. b. CORRECT. same-sex marriage became legal in the US in 2015 c. The United States has one of the highest rates of incarceration in the world. d. The US does not have a progressive income tax.

During FDR's terms in office, which of the following was created? a. Medicare b. Social Security c. the Federal Reserve d. all of the above

ANSWERS a. The Medicare Act was passed under the Johnson administration. b. CORRECT. The Social Security Act was part of the New Deal. c. The Federal Reserve Act was passed in 1913 following the Panic of 1907. d. wrong

What did the Missouri Compromise accomplish? a. it admitted Missouri as a free state b. it admitted California as a free state c. It allowed slavery in New Mexico and Utah to be decided by popular sovereignty d. it banned slavery north of the 36th parallel

ANSWERS a. The Missouri Compromise allowed slavery in Missouri b. California was not admitted as a state until 1850 c. This was a feature of the Compromise of 1850 d. CORRECT. The Missouri Compromise prohibited slavery north of the 36 parallel in new US territories, permitting slavery in Missouri.

What assets did the Confederacy have during the Civil War? a. The Confederacy had superior weaponry and production resources. b. The confederacy maintained brisk trade with Europe, enabling it to fund the war. c. The Confederacy benefitted from strong military leadership and high morale among the population. d. The Confederacy's strong infrastructure allowed it to transport supplies and people efficiently throughout the South

ANSWERS a. The South's technological resources were inferior to those of the North. b. European countries ceased trade with the south, finding alternative sources of cotton in protest of slavery. c. CORRECT. The Confederacy had excellent military leaders, and much of the population strongly believed in the right of states to make decisions without federal interference. d. The Confederacy had limited infrastructure.

Which of the following best describes an independent variable? a. the amount of paint a painter needs to paint a room b. the number of errors a student gets on a test. c. the dosage and timing of an anti-inflammatory drug to test its impact d. how much time it will take to drive between Huston and San Antonio

ANSWERS a. The amount of paint required for a room is dependent variable; it is determined not by the painter but by the room size. b. Test scores depend on a number of factors, such as the time the student devoted to studying or the student's confidence level c. CORRECT. The doctor or scientist who carries out the experiment controls the timing and dose. d. While it si possible to estimate how long a trip between the two cities will take, factors like traffic and weather can change and will affect timing. here, length of time is a dependent variable.

Which of the following events is recognized as the beginning of the American Civil War? a. the Battle of Palminto Ranch b. The Battle of Fort Sumter c. The Missouri Compromise d. The Battle of Yorktown

ANSWERS a. The battle of Palmito Ranch, the final encounter between Union and Confederate forces, is considered the end of the Civil War. b. CORRECT. On April 12, 1861, the Confederate arm attacked the Union-controlled Fort Sumter in Charleston, SC, triggering the US civil war. c. The Missouri Compromise, also known as the Compromise of 1820, contributed to divisions between the North and the South; however the war did not begin until 1861. d. The battle of Yorktown was the last battle of the American Revolution.

Which letter or word part forms the rime in the word cake? a. c b. e c. cak d. ake

ANSWERS a. The beginning consonant forms the onset of the word cake. b. the e is silent in the word cake and makes the a long. c. dropping the e changes the word cake into a nonsense word. d. CORRECT. the rime in cake is formed by all of the letters that follow the beginning consonant

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the executive branch? a. approving laws b. making laws c. implementing laws d. enforcing

ANSWERS a. The executive branch has the power to approve laws - the president signs or vetoes a bill once it has passed through Congress. b. CORRECT. While the executive branch can approve them, only congress can make laws. c. The executive branch has the power to implement laws. d. The executive branch has the power to enforce laws, and federal law enforcement agencies are part of the executive branch.

Which of the following established the concept of judicial review? a. the John Peter Zenger trial b. Marbury v. Madison c. the Dred Scott case d. the Scopes Monkey trial

ANSWERS a. This colonial trial helped to establish freedom of the press in the US. b. CORRECT. This case established judicial review. c. Dred Scott was a slave who sued for his freedom; the case did not establish judicial review. d. This trial revolved around the question of teaching evolution in schools.

Which of the following describes a significant effect of the depletion of the ozone layer? a. people get darker skin b. more UV rays enter the earth c. increased skin cancer rates, build-up of greenhouse gases, and increased UV levels d. increased build-up of green house gases

ANSWERS a. This is not a significant effect. b. More UV rays do not enter the earth, but there are more significant effect of ozone layer depletion. c. CORRECT. All of these are consequences of the depletion of the ozone layer. d. An increase in build-up of greenhouse gases is not the only significant effect of ozone layer.

Which of the following constitutional amendments is NOT considered part of the Bill of Rights? a. the right to bear arms b. the right to address witnesses arranged by the government when on trial c. the right to equal protection under the law d. freedom of speech

ANSWERS a. This is the 2nd amendment. b. This is the 6th amendment. c. CORRECT. This is the 14th amendment which is not apart of the Bill of Rights. d. This is the first amendment.

Which of the following events contributed to the US' entry into WWII? a. Germany's unrestricted submarine warfare b. the attack on Pearl Harbor c. the Battle of Britain d. The Battle of the Bulge

ANSWERS a. Unrestricted submarine warfare occurred in 1917, during WWI b. CORRECT. On December 7, 1941, Japan bombed Pearl harbor, hoping to prevent the US from interfering with its intent to invade Southeast Asia and other territories such as Guam and Hong Kong. c. The 1940 Battle of Britain was the first major battle of WWII; the US was still technically a neutral party (although it was effectively supporting Britain through the Lend-Lease Act). d. The Battle of the Bulge took place after the US entered WWII.

The power of the Catholic Church was diminished during the Reformation due to a. its unwillingness to protect the indigenous peoples of the Americas. b. the discoveries of the Scientific Revolution c. the growth of Islam in Western Europe. d. its failure to capture the Holy Land during the Crusades.

ANSWERS a. While some Catholic thinkers, like Bartolome de las Casas, spoke out against atrocities committed against the indigenous peoples of the Americas, this was not a central issue for most Europeans. b. CORRECT. The scientific Revolution, humanism, and logic brought into question Church teachings long regarded as fact, undermining Church power. c. Islam did not have a significant presence in Western Europe during the Reformation, and did not challenge the power of the Catholic Church there. d. The Church had encouraged the Crusades, but was not directly responsible of them; European failure to permanently control the Holy Land did not cause the Church to lose legitimacy.

Major influences on the European Renaissance included... a. cultural discoveries in North America. b. African music and culture. c. the ideas of the Greek Orthodox Church. d. scientific knowledge from the Islamic empires.

ANSWERS a. While the Americas were of interest to many Renaissance figures, the historical movement did not rely on information from civilians of the Western Hemisphere. b. African music and culture had no bearing on the Renaissance. c. While Christians came from Constantinople, their influence on the Renaissance came from the classical texts and learning they brought, not from their Christian faith. d. CORRECT. Science and technology imported from the Middle East during the crusades helped inspire the Renaissance.

Which of the following letters is most likely to be introduced first in progressive phonics instruction? a. a b. g c. y d. m

ANSWERS a. a is a vowel with a short and long sound and is more complex than m b. g contains a hard and soft sound c. y doesn't contain its sound in its name and can change sounds in a word d. CORRECT. it contains one sound in its name and only forms one sound in words

A map of France shows a small box around Nice. Nice is portrayed in greater detail in a box at the bottom. Which of the following terms describes this box? a. legend b. inset c. compass d. insert

ANSWERS a. a legend explains the symbols on a map b. CORRECT. an inset features details that are considered important on a map. c. a compass depicts the cardinal and intermediate directions on a map. d. an insert is not a cartographic feature.

What are the three major forms of sociological interactions? a. culture, counterculture, and subculture b. celebrations, languages, and belief systems c. government, schools, and businesses d. cooperation, exchange, and conflict

ANSWERS a. culture is not a form of interaction; it describes the beliefs and actions of a particular group. Countercultures and subcultures develop in opposition to a culture or as subsets of that culture. b. Celebrations, languages, and belief systems are all part of culture. c. Government, schools, and businesses are all examples of institutions; they are not interactions/ d. CORRECT. Cooperation, exchange, and conflict are the primary forms of social interaction.

How did Martin Luther King and other activists achieve civil rights for black Americans? a. through violent uprisings b. using nonviolence c. with the help of the Soviet Union d. by lobbying Congress only

ANSWERS a. for the most part, civil rights activists took a nonviolent approach in their work. b. CORRECT. Nonviolence was a defining characteristic of the main stream Civil Rights Movement. c. The Civil Rights Movement was a domestic phenomenon. d. Civil rights activists did eventually succeed in getting civil rights legislation passed by working with the government; however, the movement was based on grassroots activism and protest.

Which of the following factors might contribute to inflation? a. high interest rates and a low amount of printed currency b. high unemployment rates c. a decrease in supply and a low amount of printed currency d. a decrease in supply and a large amount of printed currency

ANSWERS a. high interest rates and a low amount of printed currency usually contribute to deflation. b. High unemployment rates do not lead to price increases. c. a decrease in supply and a low amount of printed currency usually contribute to deflation. d. CORRECT. Inflation occurs when prices increase. Both of these factors contribute to inflation.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the ancient Greek civilization? a. Men and women lived in different parts of a house. b. They built aqueducts to carry water to public toilets. c. Greek cities had an agora. d. Socrates was a famous Greek philosopher

ANSWERS a. in ancient Greece, women lived in the back and upstairs part of the house, away from men. b. The ancient Romans, not the ancient Greeks, built aqueducts and developed public toilets. c. An agora was a was a central marketplace where the ancient Greeks could meet and conduct business. d. Socrates was a Greek philosopher whose thinking was the foundation for later Greek and much modern Western philosophical thought.

How many phonemes are in the word chick? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5

ANSWERS a. it is make up of 3 phonemes b. CORRECT

Which of the following is an example of a cross cultural comparison? a. a chef studies variations in a recipe that are based on the diner's preference for sweets b. a Thai husband learns different holiday traditions from his wife, who is Chinese c. students compare the prices of groceries in different cities d. a career coach helps clients determine their goals

ANSWERS a. personal preferences are not an example of culture. b. CORRECT. Reviewing different holiday celebrations exemplifies studying different cultures c. Studying different prices is economic, not cultural d. Determining career goals relates to personal preferences.

In feudal Europe, serfs were... a. enslaved by the lords and knights. b. bonded to the land but under the projection of the lords. c. forced to fight for the lords. b. able to eventually purchase their freedom from the knights in exchange for support fighting.

ANSWERS a. serfs, while limited in their freedom, were not truly slaves; they could not be brought or sold. b. CORRECT. Serfs were bonded to the land - they had to work it for the lord - however, the lord was obligated to protect them. c. Serfs did not fight d. Serfs could not purchase individual freedom by fighting for their lords.

While the beginning of the Second World War is usually understood to be Hitler's invasion of Poland, some scholars date it even earlier. Which of the following events do some scholars identify as the beginning of World War II? a. the Rape of Nanjing b. the Japanese takeover of Korea c. the Japanese invasion of Manchuria d. the Chinese civil war

ANSWERS a. some scholars date the beginning of WWII to Japan's invasion of Manchuria, which occurred before the 1937 Rape of Nanjing. b. Japan annexed Korea in 1910 following the growth of its influence in East Asia after the Russo-Japanese War and other developments. This was before the First World War. c. CORRECT. Given Japan's role as an Axis power and the conflict in East Asia, some historians believe that WWII began with Japans invasion of Manchuria in 1931 d. The Chinese civil war took place throughout the 1930's and after WWII, it was not the cause of the Second World War.

Which of the following is NOT an example of human geography? a. studying the importance of trade among central American countries b. examining regional differences in cuisine around the world c. studying the distribution of fauna and flora in North America d. deciding whether to build retail outlets based on local population

ANSWERS a. studying international trade explores how the physical environment (differing countries) affects human behavior (trade agreements). b. Studying dishes from different regions relates to studying human behavior, consumption, and resource use in a geographical area. c. CORRECT. studying only flora and fauna is physical geography; the geographer is not studying human interactions with or impact on the earth. d. studying population and developing a commercial zone is an exercise in human geography and urban development.

Which of the following effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise? a. the Dred Scott decision b. The Compromise of 1850 c. the Kansas-Nebraska Act d. the Fugitive Slave Act

ANSWERS a. the Dred Scott decision upheld the Fugitive Slave act. b. The Compromise of 1850 only permitted the possibility of slavery in a small section of land north of the 36 parallel in the far West (parts of Utah). c. The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed slavery north of the 36 parallel throughout the plains and the Western territories which the Missouri Compromise had previously forbidden d. The Fugitive Slave Act did not determine where slavery was legal.

The cl in the word clap is an example of a. a syllable b. an onset c. a phoneme d. a rime.

ANSWERS a. the word clap is one syllable, and it contains both an onset and a rime. b. CORRECT, the onset of a syllable is the beginning consonant of consonant blend c. the consonant blend cl contains two phonemes, /c/ and /l/ d. the rime of a syllable includes the vowel and remaining consonants, in this case ap.

Which of the following best describes reading rate? a. using appropriate vocal cues when reading aloud b. decoding words correctly when reading aloud c. having a significant inventory of known sight words d. reading smoothly and steadily when reading aloud

ANSWERS a. using appropriate vocal expressions when reading a loud demonstrates prosody b. decoding words correctly when reading aloud demonstrates a reader's accuracy c. having a significant inventory of known sight words relates to reading accuracy d. CORRECT reading smoothly and steadily when reading aloud is an example of reading rate

Which of the following happened to Jewish people under the Nazi regime? a. Their homes and businesses were attacked and destroyed. b. They were forced to live in ghettoes, overcrowded neighborhoods with poor living conditions. c. They were sent to concentration camps and murdered. d. all of the above

ANSWERS d. CORRECT. All of the answers are correct. Jews, communists, Roma, homosexuals, and others were also forced into slave labor in concentration camps. and millions were murdered.

Which of the following was a result of the rise of the Ottoman Turks? a. Christian Byzantines left Constantinople for Western Europe, bringing classical learning with them. b. The Ottomans were able to conquer large areas, establishing a vast Islamic empire. c. The Ottomans represented an Islamic threat to European Christendom. d. all of the above.

ANSWERS d. CORRECT. All the answers are true. Byzantine scholars did leave Constantinople and bring classical learning to Europe, especially Rope. At its height under Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire stretched from Morocco through Anatolia and the Levant to Persia. The Ottomans represented a serious threat to Europe for centuries, as they controlled the Balkans.

Which is an example of a secondary source? a. a handwritten letter by a former president b. a photograph form the turn of the century c. an audio recording of a jazz composition d. a book that discusses a historical time period

ANSWERS a.

During Pax Romana, the Mediterranean region was all of the following EXCEPT... a. experiencing a period of relative stability b. a center of commercial activity. c. ruled by Augustus Caesar. d. Under the control of a powerful Senate.

ANSWERS: a. This is true; the Roman Empire controlled the Mediterranean and much of the land bordering it. b. This is true; Rome was enormously commercially powerful during the Pax Romana. c. This is true; Rome was ruled by Augustus Caesar during this time period. d. CORRECT. This is false; After Julius Caesar took power from the Senate, Rome was ruled by a powerful emperor.