5.12 Energy Levels

How many orbitals are there in the fourth energy level?

16 orbitals

The sixth energy level can hold up to 32 electrons. How many orbitals are in energy level 6?

16 orbitals

III Energy Level:

18 electrons max.

How many electrons can an orbital hold?

2 electrons

I Energy Level:

2 electrons max.

Maximum # of e^- in an energy level =

2n^2

IV Energy Level:

32 electrons max.

In an atom, the second energy level contains 4 orbitals. What is the maximum number of electrons that can fill the second energy level?

8 electrons

II Energy Level:

8 electrons max.

An orbital is...

A volume of space within an atom where an electron is most likely to be found

Which statement(s) are true about valence electrons?

Atoms are stable when they have as many valence electrons as possible. Atoms readily lose or gain valence electrons in order to achieve a full outer energy level. Valence electrons determine many of the properties of an atom.

Regardless of its shape, each orbital...

Can hold a maximum of two electrons (Energy level I has just one orbital, so two electrons will fill this energy level. Energy level II has four orbitals, so it takes eight electrons to fill this energy level)

As you go farther from the nucleus...

Electrons at higher levels have more energy, and their energy increases by a fixed, discrete amount

Valence electrons are...

Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom have a special significance and determine many of the properties of an atom (an atom is most stable if its outermost energy level contains as many electrons as it can hold)

Energy levels (also called electron shells) are...

Fixed distances from the nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found

Which energy level around the nucleus of an atom has the lowest energy?

I

Which energy level has the highest energy?

IV Energy Level

The following answer choices represent electron jumps between energy levels K-N, where K is the lowest energy level and N is the highest energy level. Which electron jump(s) would require energy to be absorbed?

K->L and M->N

The following answer choices represent electron jumps between energy levels K-N, where K is the lowest energy level and N is the highest energy level. Which electron jump(s) would result in light being released? (emission; higher -> lower)

M->L and N->L

Electrons are always added to the lowest energy level first until it has the maximum number of electrons possible, and then electrons are added to the next higher energy level until that level is full, and so on. The maximum number of electrons at a given energy level depends on its number of orbitals. There are at most two electrons per orbital.

N/A

Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom are called valence electrons. They determine many of the properties of an atom, including how reactive it is.

N/A

Energy levels (also called electron shells) are fixed distances from the nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found. As you go farther from the nucleus, electrons at higher energy levels have more energy.

N/A

Energy levels are fixed distances from the ____ of an atom where electrons are found.

Nucleus

Electrons at different energy levels have different amounts of energy.

TRUE

Electrons in energy level I (also called energy level K) have...

The least amount of energy

The maximum number depends on...

The number of orbitals at a given energy level

Electrons can jump from a lower to the next higher energy level if...

They absorb this amount of energy

Conversely, if electrons jump from a higher to a lower energy level...

They give off energy, often in the form of light (this explains fireworks and when they explode, electrons gain energy and jump to higher energy levels)

Different atoms have different arrangements of electrons, so...

They give off light of different colors

Electrons in the outermost energy level are called _____ electrons.

Valence

When given the max. number of electrons and asks for the amount of orbitals that the energy level has, you...

divide the electrons by 2 (because 2 electrons per orbital; ex: energy level III max. electrons is 18; 18/2 is 9 full orbitals)

Maximum # of orbitals in an energy level =

n^2