5.5

Which of the following is/are NOT an exocrine gland? A. Adrenal glands B. Sweat glands C. Salivary glands D. Liver Incorrect

A. Adrenal glands

What is the function of estrogen? A. It signals the anterior pituitary gland to secrete luteinizing hormone. B. It stimulates the release of progesterone from the pituitary gland. C. It releases androgens that are responsible for pubic and armpit hair. D. It releases androgens that are responsible for pubic and armpit hair.

A. It signals the anterior pituitary gland to secrete luteinizing hormone.

The pineal gland is located in the brain's third ventricle, and secretes and synthesizes: a. Melatonin b. Antidiuretic hormone c. Adrenocorticotropin hormone d. Serotonin

A. Melatonin

Molecules that bind to a cell's receptor and trigger a response, resulting in some kind of action or biologic effect, are called: A. agonists. B. neurotransmitters. C. mediators. D. antagonists

A. agonists.

The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland secretes: A. antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin. B. thyroxine and growth hormone. C. three gonadotropic hormones and oxytocin. D. growth hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone.

A. antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin.

The endocrine component of the pancreas: A. comprises the islets of Langerhans. B. releases epinephrine and norepinephrine. C. comprises the pancreatic duct. D. secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum.

A. comprises the islets of Langerhans.

The adrenal cortex produces hormones called _______________, which: A. glucocorticoids, stimulate energy production. B. gonadotropin, regulate testosterone production. C. corticosteroids, regulate the body's metabolism. D. catecholamines, increase the blood pressure.

A. glucocorticoids, stimulate energy production.

The primary anatomic link between the endocrine system and the nervous system is/are the: A. hypothalamus. B. adrenal cortex. C. pancreas. D. adrenal glands.

A. hypothalamus.

The release of glucagon into the bloodstream stimulates: A. the liver to convert glycogen to glucose. B. the vessels to constrict, thus increasing blood pressure. C. the liver to take in and store more glucose. D. the cells to uptake sugar from the bloodstream.

A. the liver to convert glycogen to glucose.

If there is a physiologic level of antidiuretic hormone in the bloodstream, then: A. the renal tubules are stimulated to reabsorb sodium and water. B. the kidneys excrete excessive sodium and water from the body. C. blood pressure decreases secondary to dilation of the vessels. D. potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium are lost through diuresis.

A. the renal tubules are stimulated to reabsorb sodium and water.

When the body's metabolic rate decreases: A. the thyroid gland secretes thyroxine. B. oxygen demand increases accordingly. C. the kidneys excrete more sodium and water. D. thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion is reduced.

A. the thyroid gland secretes thyroxine.

Molecules that bind to a cell's receptor and trigger a response are called____________. A. Hormones B. Agonists C. Melatonin D. Antiagonists

B. Agonists

Diabetes is MOST accurately defined as: A. inadequate insulin secretion, which leads to increased circulating blood glucose levels. B. a metabolic disorder in which the body's ability to metabolize simple carbohydrates is impaired. C. an endocrine disorder in which the liver is unable to produce and store adequate amounts of glycogen. D. a decrease in circulating insulin levels, which results in a drop in serum blood sugar levels.

B. a metabolic disorder in which the body's ability to metabolize simple carbohydrates is impaired.

When the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the cells do not respond to the effects of the insulin that is produced: A. serum glucose levels will fall and brain damage may occur. B. glucose levels in the blood and urine will be elevated. C. the body will stop making glucose as a protective mechanism. D. the cells will metabolize oxygen and function normally.

B. glucose levels in the blood and urine will be elevated.

Unlike exocrine glands, endocrine glands: A. have ducts that carry their secretions into a body cavity. B. release chemicals directly into the bloodstream. C. do not affect the rate of cellular metabolism. D. produce chemicals that work faster than the nervous system.

B.release chemicals directly into the bloodstream.

If the body experiences a drop in volume or blood pressure: A. catecholamine release inhibits the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver. B. aldosterone stimulates the sweat glands, resulting in diaphoretic skin. C. aldosterone secretion stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb sodium from the urine. D. adrenocorticotropic hormone causes a reduction in the secretion of cortisol.

C. aldosterone secretion stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb sodium from the urine.

The endocrine system comprises a network of ___________ that produce and secrete chemical messengers called ____________. A. synapses, neurotransmitters B. vessels, leukotrienes C. glands, hormones D. nodes, catecholamines

C. glands, hormones

The adrenal medulla secretes norepinephrine following stimulation from the: A. pituitary gland. B. brainstem. C. hypothalamus. D. diencephalon.

C. hypothalamus.

Which of the following statements regarding insulin is correct? A. An increase in insulin levels causes an increase in blood glucose. B. Insulin is a pancreatic hormone that performs exocrine functions. C. Insulin stimulates the conversion of glycogen to glucose. D. Insulin is the only hormone that decreases blood glucose levels.

D. Insulin is the only hormone that decreases blood glucose levels.

Secretion of the parathyroid hormone is regulated by blood levels of: A. phosphorus. B. sodium. C. potassium. D. calcium

D. calcium.