5th grade SS - Industrial Revolution Leads to Massive Immigration

Industrial Revolution

A period during the late eighteenth century when machine power was substituted for human power, making it more economical to manufacture goods in factories than at home.

sweatshop

A shop or factory where workers work long hours at low wages under unhealthy conditions

labor union

An organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members

Big Business

Big companies that developed in America due to inventions and discoveries like steel and oil. Big businesses encouraged the government to continue open immigration.

discrimination

Denial of equal rights or equal treatment to certain groups of people

Alexander Bell

Invented the Telephone

Urbanization

Movement of people from rural areas to cities

Immigrants

People who move to a new country to start a new life. In the late 1800s - early 1900s many settled in American cities in the Northeast, like New York, Philadelphia, Chicago and Boston.

tenements

Poorly built, overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived

hopes for a better life

Primary reason that people immigrate to America

Powered airplane

Started by Orville and Wilbur Wright.

Henry Ford

Used the assembly line to mass produce Model T's and make them affordable.

labor

Work

Assembly line

a manufacturing method in which a product is put together as it moves along a belt

Electric Light bulb

allowed factories to be lit and operate 24 hours a day, therefore increasing productivity

Andrew Carnegie

an immigrant who used the Bessemer process to make steel affordable. Millionaire owner of U.S. Steel Corporation. Led to the use of steel in building bridges, skyscrapers, train tracks, cars and more.

pushcarts

carts used by immigrants in major cities as a place from which to sell any number of items, such as foods, clothing, pots and pans, etc. an immigrant could purchase just about anything from a pushcart

Ellis Island

immigration center in New York Harbor where millions of immigrants were processed from 1870-1920

Poor working conditions

long hours, low pay, terrible conditions - led to unhappy and unhealthy workers

child labor

using children to work in factories and businesses; children were viewed as laborers throughout the 19th century. Many children worked on farms, small businesses, mills and factories.