65 assessment of neuro function

The physician's office nurse is caring for a client who has a history of a cerebral aneurysm. Which diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate to monitor the status of the aneurysm? Myelogram Electroencephalogram Echoencephalography Cerebral angiography

Correct response: Cerebral angiography Explanation: The nurse would anticipate a cerebral angiography, which detects distortion of the cerebral arteries and veins . A myelogram detects abnormalities of the spinal canal. An electroencephalogram records electrical impulses of the brain. An echoencephalography is an ultrasound of the structures of the brain.

The nurse is assisting the physician in completing a lumbar puncture. Which would the nurse note as a concern? Physician maintains aseptic procedure. Cerebrospinal fluid is cloudy in nature. Client reports a piercing feeling. Client reports pressure relief in the head.

Correct response: Cerebrospinal fluid is cloudy in nature. Explanation: The nurse would note cloudy cerebrospinal fluid as a concern. Cloudy fluid is an indication of infection. The physician is correct to maintain aseptic procedure. A piercing feeling and pressure relief are common during and after the procedure.

Frontal lobe

The major functions of this lobe are concentration, abstract thought, information storage or memory, and motor function. It contains Broca area, which is located in the left hemisphere and is critical for motor control of speech. The ___ lobe is also responsible in large part for a person's affect, judgment, personality, and inhibitions

What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)? It cushions the brain and spinal cord. It acts as an insulator to maintain a constant spinal fluid temperature. It acts as a barrier to bacteria. It produces cerebral neurotransmitters.

Correct response: It cushions the brain and spinal cord. Explanation: CSF is produced primarily in the lateral ventricles of the brain. It acts as a shock absorber and cushions the spinal cord and brain against injury caused by sudden or extreme movement. CSF also functions in the removal of waste products from cerebral tissue. CSF doesn't act as an insulator or a barrier and it doesn't produce cerebral neurotransmitters.

A client is diagnosed with a brain tumor. The nurse's assessment reveals that the client has difficulty interpreting visual stimuli. Based on these findings, the nurse suspects injury to which lobe of the brain? Frontal Occipital Temporal Parietal

Correct response: Occipital Explanation: The occipital lobe is responsible for interpreting visual stimuli. The frontal lobe influences personality, judgment, abstract reasoning, social behavior, language expression, and movement. The temporal lobe controls hearing, language comprehension, and storage and memory recall (although memory recall is also stored throughout the brain). The parietal lobe interprets and integrates sensations, including pain, temperature, and touch; it also interprets size, shape, distance, and texture.

A client who has sustained a head injury to the parietal lobe cannot identify a familiar object by touch. The nurse knows that this deficit is which of the following? Visual agnosia Positive Romberg Ataxia Tactile agnosia

Correct response: Tactile agnosia Explanation: Tactile agnosia is the inability to identify a familiar object by touch. Visual agnosia is the loss of ability to recognize objects through sight. The Romberg test has to do with balance. Ataxia is defined as incoordination of voluntary muscle action.

The spinal cord is composed of 31 pairs of spinal nerves. How many pairs of thoracic nerves are contained within the spinal column? Twelve Five One Eight

Correct response: Twelve Explanation: There are twelve pairs of thoracic nerves, five lumbar and sacral nerves, eight cervical, and one coccygeal.

Parietal lobe

a predominantly sensory lobe. This lobe analyzes sensory information and relays the interpretation of this information to other cortical areas and is essential to a person's awareness of body position in space, size and shape discrimination, and right-left orientation

temporal lobe

this lobe contains the auditory receptive areas and plays a role in memory of sound and understanding of language and music.

occipital lobe

this lobe is responsible for visual interpretation and memory.

Which cerebral lobe contains the auditory receptive areas? Frontal Parietal Occipital Temporal

Correct response: Temporal Explanation: The temporal lobe plays the most dominant role of any area of the cortex in cerebration. The frontal lobe, the largest lobe, controls concentration, abstract thought, information storage or memory, and motor function. The parietal lobe contains the primary sensory cortex, which analyzes sensory information and relays interpretation to the thalamus and other cortical areas. The occipital lobe is responsible for visual interpretation.

The nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department with a diagnosis of head trauma secondary to a motorcycle accident. The nurse aide is assigned to clean the client's face and torso. The nurse would provide further instruction after seeing that the nurse aide: used mild soapy water to clean the face. moved the client's head to clean behind the ears. cleaned the eye area from the inner to outer eye area. cleaned the neck and upper chest area.

Correct response: moved the client's head to clean behind the ears. Explanation: Further instruction would be provided to the nurse aide when the nurse aide attempted to move the client's head to clean behind the ears. There should be no movement of the client's head when there is a history of head trauma. Cleaning the client's face with soapy water, cleaning the eye area, and cleaning the neck and upper chest are all appropriate actions completed by the nurse aide.