70-410 Chapter 4
Offline files are located at
%systemroot%\CSC, where CSC stands for client-side caching.
SMB Share-Applications
Enables sharing settings used by Hyper-V, certain databases, and many other applications.
Specify administratively assigned offline files
specified network files and folders that are always available offline. type the UNC path to the required files.
/Users: number
specifies the maximum number of users who can access the shared resource at the same time. Specify unlimited to allow the license to limit of users.
configure slow link speed
specifies the threshold link speed value which offline files considers end network connection to be slow. specify the value end bits per second divided by 100; for example, specify 1280 for a threshold of 128,000 bps
/delete
stops sharing the specified resource
Transparent file caching enables client computers to
temporarily cache files obtained across a slow WAN link more aggressively, thereby reducing the number of times the client might have to retrieve the file across the slow link.
Windows configures Work Folders and displays an icon in File Explorer. You can work with this folder as you would any other library or folder; any subfolders and files you place here are automatically synced to
the file server.
The first time a user accesses a file across the WAN, Windows retrieves it from the remote computer; this file is then cached to the local computer. Subsequently, the local computer checks with
the remote server to ensure that the file has not changed and then accesses it from the local cache if its copy is up-to-date.
comment
this information is optional and identifies the purpose or contents of the shared folder. The comment appears in the map network drive dialog box when remote users are browsing shared folders on a server.
share name
this is the folder name that remote users will employ to connect to the share
user limit
this sets the number of remote users who can connect to a shared resource simultaneously reducing Network traffic. For Windows Server 2012r2 the limit is set to 77216 by default
To enable the caching of files stored on a shared folder, you need to configure the shared folder on the server and specify the
type of caching available.
Read
users are allowed to view but not modify files
Capabilities of the File and Storage Services Role
...
Important Policy settings
...
NTFS permissions
...
Share options Window
...
Share permissions
...
The New Share Wizard provides a choice of five file share profiles
...
Data duplication
A new role feature that reduces the amount of duplicate blocks of data in storage this enables you to store more data in a volume of a given size compared to older volumes that use single instance storage or NTFS file compression
Share and storage management
A role feature that facilitates administration of shared resource. Included is Access Based enumeration which enables this display of only those files and folders that a user is entitled to access according to share and security permissions granted to her account
Windows search service
A role feature that indexes files and folders to facilitate rapid searching by users when connected to Shared folders
The following items are also needed to enable users to sync to the Work Folders share across the Internet:
A server certificate for each file server hosting the Work Folders share: You should use certificates granted by a public certification authority (CA) that is trusted by your users. Firewall proxy or gateway access rules that enable access to the server across the Internet A publicly registered DNS domain name with the ability to create additional public records Ideally, you should also have an AD DS forest that includes Windows Server 2012 R2 schema extensions that support automatic referral of computers and devices to the correct file server. If using Active Directory Federation Service (AD FS) authentication, you need to include the appropriate AD FS infrastructure.
You can also use the following PowerShell cmdlet to set up Work Folders:
Add-WindowsFeature FS-SyncShareService
NFS Share-Advanced
Adds access to services provided by File Server Resource Manager to the basic NFS sharing protocol, similar to those mentioned for advanced SMB sharing.
Share-Advanced
Adds access to services provided by File Server Resource Manager to the basic SMB sharing protocol, including configuration of folder owners for access-denied assistance, default classification of data, and the enabling of quotas.
Do work folders contain subfolders?
All data is stored on a specially configured folder on the file server that includes subfolders for each user.
Work Folders app for devices
Apps are currently in development that will enable popular devices such as iPads and Android to access information stored in Work Folders.
NFS Share-Quick
As already mentioned, NFS is a file sharing protocol used when sharing files with UNIX servers. This option includes basic sharing permissions.
Is offline files on by default on PC's?
By default, the Offline Files feature is enabled on the client computer.
Services for Network file systems NFS
Enables file sharing among servers running Windows and Unix. Added in Windows Server 2012 is an NFS module for Windows Powershell with several new commands specific to NFS
Public folder sharing
Enables the Public Folder sharing model, thereby allowing others on the network to access files in your Public folders of each Windows library (Documents, Pictures, Videos, and Music). This is a simplified folder sharing model that is not normally used on a server-based computer.
File and printer sharing
Enables the Standard Folder Sharing model, thereby allowing others on the network to access shared files on your computer and print from printers attached to your computer. This is the normal sharing model used by servers and will be discussed in detail later in this section.
Work Folders role service
Enables you to set up shared folders that store work data on a Windows Server 2012 R2 computer. You can also monitor data being stored and manage sync shares and user access.
As already mentioned, Work Folders is available as a role service within ___Services server in Windows Server 2012 R2.
File and Storage
Work Folders PowerShell cmdlets
Includes a comprehensive set of cmdlets for managing Work Folders on Windows Server 2012 R2 computers.
Password protected sharing
Increases security by limiting access of shared files and printers to only those who have a user account and password on your computer. You would normally keep this option turned on at a server.
Keep in mind, however, that although Windows Server 2012 and Windows Server 2012 R2 support FAT and FAT32 partitions, NTFS permissions apply only on partitions that are formatted using
NTFS.
Should you turn on network discovery on a server?
Network discovery enables the computer to locate other computers and devices on the network and enables these computers to locate your computer. It is expected that you would never turn this option off on a server.
The following are several of the important capabilities of Work Folders:
Provide a single point of access to data on a user's computers and devices running Windows 8.1 or Windows RT 8.1. It is planned to extend this functionality to Windows 7 computers and additional devices such as iPads in the future. You can deploy Work Folders alongside other file server technologies, including folder redirection, offline files, and home folders. Assists users in keeping work and personal information separate from each other. Maintains data encryption during synchronization activities and enables corporate data wipe by means of data management services such as Windows Intune. You can use security policies to ensure that Work Folders are encrypted and a lock screen password is in use. You can manage user data using available file server management technologies, including disk quotas and file classification.
Integration with client computers
Provides Work Folders functionality on computers and devices running Windows 8.1 or Windows RT 8.1. Included is a Control Panel applet that sets up and monitors Work Folders, integration with File Explorer, and a sync engine that facilitates file transfer with the file server.
Support for resilient file systems ReFS
ReFS is a new file system in Windows server 2012r2 that provides a cost-effective platform for maximum data availability that scales efficiently to very large data volumes. Combined with the new storage spaces feature refs provides a highly available scalable and resilient data access system for modern information storage needs
support for SMB 3.0
SMB is a network file sharing protocol that enables applications to read and write data and request information from programs on network servers. SMB applications are enabled to read and write files on the network server and to communicate with programs configured to receive SMB client requests
Client computers use ___to connect to the server. Consequently, you need to install an ___certificate on the server.
SSL
In addition, the Windows ___Shares service and the ___Windows PowerShell module are installed on the file server.
Sync, SyncShare
You can also synchronize your cached files manually when you are connected to the network share.
To do so, right-click the shared folder icon and select Sync > Sync Selected Offline Files.
Is the file services role installed by default in WS 2008?
Unlike the situation in Windows Server 2008, where you had to install the File Services role, the File and Storage Services role is installed by default in Windows Server 2012 and Windows Server 2012 R2, and cannot be removed.
SMB Share-Quick
Uses SMB to provide basic file sharing with shared folder and NTFS permissions. This is the default sharing option in Windows Server 2012 R2. SMB
Installing the Work Folders role service adds the ___page to File and Storage Services in Server Manager.
Work Folders
The ACL is
a list of users and groups that have been granted access for a particular file or folder, as well as the types of access that the users and groups have been granted.
storage manager for SAN's
a roll feature that assists you in creating and managing physical and logical Storage Solutions pertaining to storage area networks that include fibre Channel and SCSI disk drive subsystems
File server resource manager
a set of tools that enable you to manage resources used by files and folders on your server by performing such tasks as limiting the amount of space used by users restricting the types of files being saved and monitoring the amount of storage used
For example,
a user might save her data at her desktop computer and then access the data on her home computer or tablet while offline. At home, she makes changes to this data and saves them on her device. The next day on returning to the office, the data is automatically synchronized to the file server.
The Offline Files feature enables a user to
access and work with files and folders stored on a network share when the user is disconnected from that share.
Collectively, these kinds of entries in the ACL are called
access control entries (ACEs).
Windows stores an ___with every file and folder on an NTFS partition.
access control list (ACL)
If no explicit permissions are assigned to a folder, a user cannot
access that folder at all.
/ remark:"text"
adds a descriptive comment. Enclose the comment (text) end quotation marks
From the Network and Sharing Center, you can perform actions related to the sharing of resources on your computer with others on the network. Click Change ___sharing settings to obtain the Advanced sharing settings dialog box
advanced
storage pools and storage spaces
as discussed in chapter 3 Windows Server 2012 R2 includes support for the creation of pooled storage and can be divided into one or more storage spaces using virtual disks
Work Folders enables users to
automatically and seamlessly synchronize work-related documents with a file server.
Use of transparent caching also serves to reduce ___across the WAN link.
bandwidth consumption
Offline files are stored on the local computer in a special area of the hard drive called a
cache.
Full control of a folder
change permissions take ownership and delete sub folders and files. All their actions Allowed by the permissions listed in this table are also possible
full control of a file
change permissions, taking ownership, and perform all of their actions Allowed by the permissions listed in this table
Share this folder
click to start sharing the folder.
configure slow link mode
controls background synchronization across slow links and determines how Network file request are handled across slow links
enable transparent caching
controls caching of offline files across slow links. you can specify add Network latency value above which network files are temporarily cached
Write a folder
create new folders and files, change of folders attributes, and display owner and permissions
modify a folder
delete the folder as well as grant that user the Reed permission and the list folder contents permission
allow or disallow use of offline files feature
determines whether users can enable offline files. when enabled, offline files is enabled and users cannot disable it; when disabled, offline files is disabled and users cannot enable it.
You can also use net share without any parameters to
display information about all the shared resources on the local computer.
Caching
enables offline access to the shared folder. Available settings in the offline settings dialog box are discussed later in this chapter
/cached: option
enables offline caching as discussed in the next section, according to the value of option: Document: Specifies automatic reintegration of documents programs: specifies automatic reintegration of progra6s manual : Specifies manual reintegration None: advises the client that caching is inappropriate
transactional NTFS
enables sequential operations on a file volume running NTFS to be performed as a single transaction. This means that all the steps in the sequential operation must succeed for the transaction to be completed: if any step fails the previous steps in the transaction are rolled back.
work folders
enables users to store and access work data on personal computers, tablets, smartphones and other devices and access this data in a consistent manner
Configure background sync
enables you to control synchronization of files across slow Links. You can configure sync interval and variance parameters as well as blackout periods when sync should not occur.
Remove " make available all" for those files and folders
enables you to specify which UNC path to share files and folders for what you want to block the make available offline command
Similar to Folder Redirection or Offline Files, Work Folders enables synchronization of work documents with a file server; however, Work Folders
extends synchronization capabilities to include user-owned computers and devices not normally connected to the corporate network without the need for remote access connection technologies such as DirectAccess or virtual private networks (VPNs).
Always Offline mode enables
faster access to cached files and redirected folders in an Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) environment.
A client computer running Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, or Windows 8.1 provides the Offline Files dialog box, which provides options for
managing offline files at the client computer, including the use of the Sync Center for synchronizing offline file content.
modify file
modify files contents and delete the file as well as perform all actions Allowed by the write permission and read and execute permissions
Windows Server 2012 R2 provides the ___command that you can use to manage shared folders.
net share
This is useful if you need to use scripts for automating administrative tasks, or for sharing folders at a Server Core computer. The syntax is as follows:
net share [sharename] [/parameters]
Transparent Caching is temporary; clients cannot access these files when they go
offline.
permissions
permissions can be assigned to individual users groups or both
Remove " make available offline" command
prevent users from making network files and folders available offline. even when enabled Windows still caches local copies of files on network shares that are does designated for automatic caching
Remove " make available offline" command
prevent users from making network files and folders available offline. even when enabled Windows still caches local copies of the files on network shares that are designed for automatic caching
To cache all available files from a network share to which you have connected a computer running Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, or Windows Server 2008/R2/ 2012/R2,
right-click the shared folder icon and select Always available offline. This automatically caches all available files without your having to open them first.
read and execute a file
run application files and display file attributes, owner, and permissions
read and execute a folder
run files and display file attributes, owner, and permission
By default, this cache takes up 10 percent of the disk volume space. You need to configure both the ___and the client computer to use the Offline Files feature.
server
Distributed file system DFS
simplifies The Logical grouping of shared resources on multiple servers but making them available within a single tree structure. Also included is DFS replication which optimizes the synchronization of shared resources among multiple locations on your network thereby providing load balancing and fault tolerance for user access to these resources
Full control
users are allowed to perform any task on the folder or its constituent files including modifying their individual attributes and permissions used by others accessing them.
Change
users are allowed to view and modify files but not change the attributes of the shared folder itself. This is equivalent to read / write as described earlier in this section
Enabling Always Offline mode reduces bandwidth usage because
users are always working offline even when connected to the network.
ISCSI Target server
using the iSCSI standard provides block storage to other servers and applications on the network. Improved in Windows Server 2012 to include virtual disk enhancements manageability enhancements and cloud services and improved optimization for disc level cashing
encrypt the offline files cache
when enabled all files in the offline files cache are encrypted
Limit disk space used by offline files
when enabled, limits the amount of disk space in mb used to store offline files
