7.21.R - Lesson: Review Module 7 STUDY

An entomologist observes an insect that has one pair of wings and a mouth for chewing. Use the dichotomous key to identify what order the insect belongs to. 1. a. One pair of wings..................................Dipterab. Two pairs of wings.................................Go to 2 2. a. Wings covered in soft scales...............Lepidopterab. Wings rigid and leathery.......................Go to 3 3. a. Mouth is for sucking..............................Heteropterab. Mouth is for chewing.............................Coleoptera

Diptera

Match the domain with the correct description.

Domain Taxon that is larger than a kingdom !Kingdom The largest and most inclusive traditional taxon !Phylum Includes classes that are grouped by important shared characteristics Class Includes groups of similar orders !Order Includes closely related families Family general that share many similarities !Genus First part of the scientific name Species Name that is unique only to a single organism

Arrange the taxa from most general to most specific.

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

What are the six kingdoms of life?

Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Match the domain with the correct description.

Eukarya Organisms that have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles !Bacteria Microscopic, single-celled organisms that do not have a nucleus Archaea Microscopic, single-celled organisms without a nucleus that live in extreme environments

Kingdom Fungi is what type of cell?

Eurkaryote

Hepatitis B

Fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, joint pain, jaundice

Which of the following is an example of Fungi playing an important role in maintaining ecosystem balance and health?

Fungi break down organic matter and recycle nutrients.

Gram staining is a process that can classify bacteria by analyzing the composition of the cell wall. Bacteria that show as stained purple and possess cell walls made of peptidoglycan are called what?

Gram-positive

Influenza

Headache, sore throat, fever, cough, fatigue, nasal congestion, and body aches

An entomologist is observing an insect that has two pairs of rigid and leathery wings and a mouth for sucking. Use the dichotomous key to identify what order the insect belongs to. 1. a. One pair of wings..................................Dipterab. Two pairs of wings.................................Go to 2 2. a. Wings covered in soft scales...............Lepidopterab. Wings rigid and leathery.......................Go to 3 3. a. Mouth is for sucking..............................Heteropterab. Mouth is for chewing.............................Coleoptera

Heteroptera

Which of the following is NOT a method of controlling bacterial growth?

Improper food storage

Compare and contrast a lytic infection and a lysogenic infection. Please answer with complete sentences.

In the lysogenic cycle: The DNA or RNA of the virus merges with the DNA of the host cell. The cell is not destroyed. In the lytic cycle: The DNA or RNA of the virus destroys the DNA of the host cell. The virus then takes over the functions of the cell and ultimately destroys the cell.

Disease-causing agents called pathogens are caused by bacteria. Which is NOT an example of a bacterial disease?

Influenza

characteristics of viruses

Intracellular parasites, contain DNA or RNA, No ribosomes, No ATP, some have spikes, some are enveloped, contain a protein coat

An entomologist observes an insect that has two pairs of scaly wings. Use the dichotomous key to identify what order the insect belongs to. 1. a. One pair of wings..................................Dipterab. Two pairs of wings.................................Go to 2 2. a. Wings covered in soft scales...............Lepidopterab. Wings rigid and leathery.......................Go to 3 3. a. Mouth is for sucking..............................Heteropterab. Mouth is for chewing.............................Coleoptera

Lepidoptera

A virus infects a cell by injecting its DNA into the host cell. Then the cell produces mRNA, which creates proteins that destroy the host cell's DNA. The cell begins making viral DNA and capsids. What is this process called?

Lytic cycle

Organisms classified as fungi have unique characteristics. Which of the following characteristics is found only in organisms classified in the Kingdom Fungi?

Multicellular filaments that absorb nutrients

Mushrooms belong to Kingdom Fungi. What is the name of the main portion of the mushroom which grows underground?

Mycelium

Bacteria are prokaryotes that lack which of the following structures?

Nucleus

Which cell structure distinguishes members of Domain Eukarya from other organisms?

Nucleus

Bacterial cells have a plasma membrane and a cell wall. What is the cell wall made of?

Peptidoglycan

_____ are polymers that combine amino acids with sugar chains to form the structure of the bacteria cell wall.

Peptidoglycans

Which protists are the base of the marine food chain?

Phytoplankton

Which four of the six kingdoms are grouped into Domain Eukarya?

Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Which kingdoms have photosynthetic organisms?

Protists and Plants

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a protist?

Protists are prokaryotes.

Bacilli

Rod-shaped

A biologist discovers an arachnid with a segmented abdomen and a tail with a stinger. Use the dichotomous key below to identify the organism. 1. a. Abdomen segmented..............................Go to 2b. Abdomen not segmented......................Go to 4 2. a. Abdomen with tail...................................Go to 3b. Abdomen without tail............................Go to 5 3. a. Tail with stinger.........................................Scorpionb. Tail without stinger...................................Whip scorpion 4. a. Legs longer than body...............................Daddy Long Legsb. Legs not longer than body.......................Wind scorpion 5. a. Covered with spines.................................Miteb. Few spines..................................................Tick

Scorpion

Cilia

Small hair-like projections that extend outward from the cell and vibrate

Common Cold

Sneezing, sore throat, fever, headache, and muscle aches

In 1990, Carl Woese introduced the three-domain system for classifying living things, after the advancement of DNA analysis allowed for a comparison of species genetic code. Which of the following is the best explanation for why domains were added to the previous system of classification?

Some organisms, which were previously characterized together, were determined to be genetically very different.

Cocci

Spherical

Spirilli

Spiral

What term is used to identify a system of naming and classifying organisms based on shared characteristics and universal rules?

Taxonomy

Pseudopod

Temporary foot-like extensions that extend from the cell membrane

Which of the following characteristics will be most helpful in identifying a butterfly species using a dichotomous key?

Their wings have false eye spots.

How do viruses differ in structure? Please answer with complete sentences.

There is generally a capsid, or protein coat, that surrounds and protects the genetic information. Some viruses have viral envelopes that cover the capsid and serve as an additional layer of protection. This layer may contribute to the virus's ability to avoid the host's immune system, which increases the strength of the virus.

Which of the following characteristics differentiate fungi from plants?

They are heterotorphic.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fungi?

They are prokaryotic cells.

How are vaccines used to prevent viral infections?

They create an immune response in the host.

Why is the classification system important in science? Please answer in complete sentences.

Using common names for these newly discovered species became confusing. Scientists needed to create a scientific classification system to identify species universally.

Which particles can only reproduce by infecting living cells?

Virus

A biologist discovers an arachnid with a segmented abdomen and a tail without a stinger. Use the dichotomous key below to identify the organism. 1. a. Abdomen segmented..............................Go to 2b. Abdomen not segmented......................Go to 4 2. a. Abdomen with tail...................................Go to 3b. Abdomen without tail............................Go to 5 3. a. Tail with stinger.........................................Scorpionb. Tail without stinger...................................Whip scorpion 4. a. Legs longer than body...............................Daddy Long Legsb. Legs not longer than body.......................Wind scorpion 5. a. Covered with spines.................................Miteb. Few spines..................................................Tick

Whip scorpion

Flagella

Whip-like tail that rotates in a propeller-like fashion

A biologist discovers an arachnid with an unsegmented abdomen and legs not longer than its body. Use the dichotomous key below to identify the organism. 1. a. Abdomen segmented..............................Go to 2b. Abdomen not segmented......................Go to 4 2. a. Abdomen with tail...................................Go to 3b. Abdomen without tail............................Go to 5 3. a. Tail with stinger.........................................Scorpionb. Tail without stinger...................................Whip scorpion 4. a. Legs longer than body...............................Daddy Long Legsb. Legs not longer than body.......................Wind scorpion 5. a. Covered with spines.................................Miteb. Few spines..................................................Tick

Wind scorpion

How do we treat bacterial diseases

antibiotics

Which characteristic separates archaebacteria from bacteria?

cell wall is not made of peptidoglycan.

Kingdom _______ contains microorganisms such as yeast, mold, and mushrooms.

fungi

Complete this table that describes the characteristics of protists and fungi.

1. They use one of four different types of locomotion. 2. Some protists reproduce asexually through mitosis, while others reproduce through a combination of asexual and sexual forms of reproduction. 3. They feed by endocytosis (engulfing) or by filter-feeding methods. 4. Types of algae are used to make fertilizer, cosmetics/make-up, and paints. 5. Many protozoans are considered parasitic and can cause disease 6. Parasites can move by Spores of the fungus are carried on insects' legs and are spread from tree to tree in forests and urban areas. 7. Fungi can reproduce either asexually or sexually. 8. They obtain nutrients by decomposing dead, organic matter, or parasites by feeding off a host. 9. Fungi help ecosystems by breaking down organic matter and recycling nutrients 10. Some species cause disease in plants and animals

How many kingdoms exist in the Linnaean classification system?

6

What is a dichotomous key?

A tool that uses pairs of descriptive statements to identify an organism.

Toothpaste, ice cream, fertilizer and cosmetics are all made of _____.

Algae

The early known differences among living things resulted in the creation of what two kingdoms initially?

Animalia and Plantae

Which of the following is NOT a way to prevent viruses?

Antibiotics

What are the three domains?

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

Which of the following is NOT one of the three general types that Protists can be organized into?

Bacteria-like

West Nile virus

Body aches, fever, and headache

An entomologist observes an insect that has two pairs of rigid and leathery wings and a mouth for chewing. Use the dichotomous key to identify what order the insect belongs to. 1. a. One pair of wings..................................Dipterab. Two pairs of wings.................................Go to 2 2. a. Wings covered in soft scales...............Lepidopterab. Wings rigid and leathery.......................Go to 3 3. a. Mouth is for sucking..............................Heteropterab. Mouth is for chewing.............................Coleoptera

Coleoptera

Match the term with the correct description.

Correct!Domain Taxon that is larger than a kingdom Correct!Kingdom The largest and most inclusive traditional taxon Correct!Phylum Includes classes that are grouped by important shared characteristics Correct!Class Includes groups of similar orders Correct!Order Includes closely related families Correct!Family Includes general that share many similarities Correct!Genus First part of the scientific name Correct!Species Name that is unique only to a single organism

A biologist discovers an arachnid with an unsegmented abdomen and legs longer than its body. Use the dichotomous key below to identify the organism. 1. a. Abdomen segmented..............................Go to 2b. Abdomen not segmented......................Go to 4 2. a. Abdomen with tail...................................Go to 3b. Abdomen without tail............................Go to 5 3. a. Tail with stinger.........................................Scorpionb. Tail without stinger...................................Whip scorpion 4. a. Legs longer than body...............................Daddy Long Legsb. Legs not longer than body.......................Wind scorpion 5. a. Covered with spines.................................Miteb. Few spines..................................................Tick

Daddy long legs

What is the purpose of using a dichotomous key in science? Please answer using complete sentences.

Dichotomous keys help scientists identify organisms so that classifications can be shared and used mutually.