808Global_Ch4
Priyansh grew up in India, where caste systems have become less prevalent. Which of the following statements is true about a caste system?
A caste system is a rigid form of social stratification.
According to the findings of the World Values Survey,
As countries get richer, there seems to be a shift from survival values to well-being values.
The "Zen" orientation trend in the Western world stems from which religious teaching?
Buddhism
The religion where followers try to achieve nirvana or spiritual enlightenment is Blank______.
Buddhism
What is the most widely practiced religion in the world?
Christianity
The ______ system is a less rigid form of social stratification than the _____ system.
Classe... caste
The system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and then when taken together constitute a design for living refers to __________.
Culture
Which three qualities are emphasized by Japanese businesses?
Education, Loyalty, Honesty
________ refers to a set of moral principles, or values, that are used to guide and shape behavior
Ethical system
The Emirates Group has a workforce comprised of individuals with 160 different nationalities. Suppose that one individual is convinced that his culture is superior to his co-workers. The individual is being ______.
Ethnocentric
The belief in the superiority of one's own culture is known as
Ethnocentrism
True or false: Folkways are morally-significant actions in everyday life.
FALSE
Entrepreneurs and business-owners of high uncertainty avoidance cultures will be more willing to take risks and make changes. T/F
False
People who violate folkways are considered to be evil or bad. T/F
False
The value systems and norms of a country have little influence on the costs of doing business in that country. T/F
False
When the new neighbors moved in, Naghma told her family it would be appropriate for them to make a batch of cookies and take them over to the neighbors and introduce themselves. This social convention is an example of a(n) Blank______.
Folkway
Knowing what time to show up for a meeting in a foreign country reflects which part of culture?
Folkways
The World Values Survey includes which three dimensions?
Impact of globalization, Support for gender equality, Support for democracy
The Emirates Group is headquartered in Dubai where the dominant religion is _________.
Islam
What is a negative effect of the collectivist manner associated with Japanese businesses?
Lack of dynamism and entrepreneurship
The social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in a particular situation are called
Norms
A mudarabah contract of Islamic banks is similar to a profit-sharing scheme. T/F
True
Hofstede's power distance dimension focused on how a society deals with the fact that people are unequal in physical and intellectual capabilities. T/F
True
Most of the world's ethical systems are the product of religions. T/F
True
One of the biggest dangers confronting a company that goes abroad for the first time is the danger of being ill-informed. T/F
True
Class mobility is more likely to be achieved in
US
In a caste system, change in position is _____ during one's lifetime.
Usually not possible
Individualism may result in a high degree of managerial mobility which might help a person increase his or her salary but can also result in a manager with Blank______.
a lack of experience
The more flexible approach to time that has emerged in parts of Miami where there are large immigrant populations suggests that?
a nation's culture is not static.
Geert Hofstede added the dimension of indulgence to the World Values Survey to refer to
a society that allows relatively free gratification of basic and natural human drives related to enjoying life and having fun.
Buddhism has all the same basic beliefs as Hinduism except for Blank______.
advocacy of extreme ascetic behavior. support for the caste system.
According to Islam, worldly gain and temporal power are BLANK
an illusion
Kerri's grandparents came to the United States from Ireland in the 1930s with just a few dollars in their pocket. They found work when they arrived and five years later were able to buy a home and build their savings. Their change in social stratification reflects the Blank______ system.
class
Mallory grew up in a rural community and she knows that even though she has a master's degree in finance, she will always be considered a "country bumpkin" in her society. Her thoughts reflect the idea of Blank______.
class consciousness
The Blank______ system is a less rigid form of social stratification than the Blank______ system.
class; caste
Class Blank______ is one's perception of their social or economic rank in society.
consciousness
It has been argued that the success of Japanese enterprises in the global economy has been based partly on which of the following?
cooperation between a company and its suppliers on issues such as design, quality control, and inventory reduction
Understanding how cultural differences across and within nations affect the way business is practiced is known as Blank______ literacy.
cross cultural
There is a need for every business in the international marketplace to understand the prevailing culture in the countries that they are doing business in. This is known as
cross cultural literacy
A system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that when taken together constitute a design for living is called
culture
A system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that when taken together constitute a design for living is called BLANK
culture
In parts of Canada, you will find both English-speaking communities and French-speaking communities. This illustrates that language helps shape the way people perceive the world, and it also helps define Blank______.
culture
Steve has been preparing for his trip to Sweden. He has learned that in Sweden a tradition called Academic Quarter helps to define the acceptable time for arriving for meetings. Steve is?
demonstrating cross-cultural literacy
The GLOBE instrument addresses the idea that a leader's effectiveness is ____
embedded in organizational norms
Folkways are atypical morally significant actions in everyday life.
false
The orthodox Muslim is required to pray____ times a day
five
At a dinner meeting in Japan, two executives sat down, leaving the middle seat open for their third associate, even though it meant one of them would have to get up to let him in. This is because, in Japan, the middle seat is reserved for the most senior member of the group. This is an example of _____
folkway
1When the new neighbors moved in, Naghma told her family it would be appropriate for them to make a batch of cookies and take them over to the neighbors and introduce themselves. This social convention is an example of a(n) _____.
folkways
Drivers who live in cities often do not acknowledge other drivers without cause, while in more rural areas, drivers will often give each other a quick wave. These routines are examples of
folkways
When discussing Islam, the Koran actually promotes Blank______.
free enterprise
When discussing Islam, the Koran actually promotes _____.
free enterprise
In business, mores have _____ significance than folkways.
greater
A(n) Blank______ consists of at least two individuals who have a shared sense of identity and interact in structured ways.
group
The Blank______ degree of social mobility in the U.S. limits the impact of class background on business operations.
high
The _____ degree of social mobility in the U.S. limits the impact of class background on business operations.
high
One advantage of individualism is a(n)
high level of entrepreneurial activity
A typical American value is an expectation that people have a right to live the way they want. Values are defined as
ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable.
In the United States, class membership is determined mostly by
individual economic achievement.
In most Western societies the ______ is emphasized, whereas in Japan the _____ is more important.
individual...group
The dynamism associated with the U.S. economy is a result of the philosophy of ______.
individualism
A caste system is a type of social structure that divides people on the basis of Blank______.
inherited social status
The economic principles of Islam prohibit a bank from paying or receiving Blank______.
interest
Which of the following is a disadvantage of a high degree of managerial mobility between companies?
lack of loyalty and commitment to an individual company
In Japan, most people perceive themselves to be middle class; therefore, class background has Blank______ impact on business operations.
less
According to Hofstede, in a _____ culture, sex roles are sharply differentiated
masculine
In a given society, the extent to which people can move up and down the class system is known as social
mobility
In a given society, the extent to which people can move up and down the class system is known as social BLANK
mobility
______ are norms that are more widely observed and are often so important they are enacted in law.
mores
Hindus believe that an individual can achieve a state of complete spiritual perfection known as Blank______ by practicing material and physical self-denial
nirvana
There is a Blank______ one-to-one relationship between a society and a nation-state.
non strict
There is a _____ one-to-one relationship between a society and a nation-state.
non-strict
In the United States, a person accused of a crime is considered innocent until proven guilty. This guideline is an example of a _____.
norm
The expectation that students shouldn't cheat on exams is an example of a cultural
norm
______ supply the standards and models for acceptable behavior in a society.
norms
A system of shared beliefs and rituals based on sacred thought is the definition of Blank______.
religion
A system of shared beliefs and rituals based on sacred thought is the definition of _____.
religion
The workforce at The Emirates Group is comprised of people with 160 different nationalities. This diverse workforce ________.
should increase cross cultural literacy in the company
What has made a major contribution to society's emphasis on extended social groups?
social media
All societies are divided on a hierarchical basis into social categories called Blank______.
social strata
The Blank______ of a society refers to how it is organized in terms of its values, norms, and societal relationships.
social structure
The _____ of a society refers to how it is organized in terms of its values, norms, and societal relationships.
social structure
When Kendall was asked to describe the relationship between the countries of Denmark, Finland, and Norway, she replied that the people of those countries all shared a common set of values. In other words, Kendall considered this group of countries as a _____.
society
____ is an organized group of people who share a common set of values and norms.
society
The basic social organization of a society is known as social Blank______.
structure
Buddhism has all the same basic beliefs as Hinduism except for _____.
support for the caste system., advocacy of extreme ascetic behavior,
English is now the preferred language in most business and social situations in Dubai, the headquarters of The Emirates Group. This illustrates _________.
that culture is not a constant
During his study of the Japanese culture, Jeremy learned that lifetime employment with one company is very common in certain sectors. This trait is probably the result of
the collectivistic nature of the culture.
Hofstede's masculinity versus femininity dimension examined
the relationship between gender and work roles.
Jonathon's family makes a point to sit down to dinner together every night. This is an example of folkways, which are characterized as
the routine conventions of everyday life.
A sociologist would disagree with the idea that the British class system has dissolved.
true
True or false: Cultures can embrace several nations.
true
In a caste system, change in position is Blank______ during one's lifetime.
usually not possible
What a group of people believe to be good, right, and desirable is the definition of
values
When the voters were asked their opinion on the death penalty, the majority of the people responded that it wasn't right and should be eliminated. Their opinion is a reflection of their _____.
values
Within a society, honesty would be considered a general ______.
values
The Western media relates Islamic fundamentalists with Blank______, rather than with deeply held religious values.
violence
Ruth is meeting her counterpart at her company's subsidiary in Brazil. Her meeting was scheduled for 2:00 pm, but because of her late flight, Ruth arrives at 2:30 pm. Her host?
will probably be unfazed by the time of her arrival.
You have a meeting scheduled for 9:00 am in Ecuador with your new boss. You want to make a good impression. You should arrive at?
9:15
How would sociologists describe the class system in British society today?
The class system still exists and "money still begets money."
Which of the following aspects of Protestantism paved the way for the subsequent emphasis on individual economic and political freedoms?
The emphasis on individual religious freedom
