8th Social Studies Final Exam- Medieval Life

Why would a nobleman allow himself to go into debt?

Aristocrats felt that they had a certain level of living that was expected of them, and they did their best to eat, dress, and conduct themselves Ike nobility, even if they ran themselves irretrievably into debt doing it.

What are monks three vows?

Poverty, Chastity, and Obedience

What responsibility did monarchs have in the feudal system?

They were expected to keep order and provide protection for their vassals.

How were manors self-sufficient?

They were far from town so the peasants has to produce everything that people on the manor needed. Only a few goods came from outside the manor- salt and iron tools. Warfare and invasions made trade nearly impossible.

What purposes did jousts and tournaments hold?

They were held as sporting events, for exercise, or as serious battles between rival Knights. It also served as entertainment.

What were responsibilities of peasants in the feudal system?

They worked the land and supported the entire feudal structure.

What were two improvements in farming that occurred in the Middle Ages?

- A heavier plow made deeper cuts in the ground and pushed the soil sideways, making farming easier and faster. - The three-field system increased crop production and one-third of the fields are left unused for the year in order to preserve nutrients in the soil.

Describe the types of taxes peasants would pay to their lords.

- They would pay yearly money called "head money" - A tallage is when a lord would demand a tax whenever he needed money

What were some of the difficulties or challenges of being a serf or peasant?

-They lived in small houses - Had little possessions - Almost no one ate beef or chicken

What is courtly love?

A code of behavior to be followed by aristocrats during the Middle Ages.

What is the difference between a free peas at and a serf?

A free peasant rented land to farm and owed only their rent to the lord but serfs farmed the lords fields and couldn't leave the lords manors.

How are castles a reflection of a decentralized government?

Because society lacked a centralized government, warfare occurred frequently, so castles were built for security and defense.

Explain the development of castles?

Castles were surrounded with walls, moats, and gates that were meant for security. Castles were tall buildings with pillars poking up serving as a house. They were first built out of wood then in 1100CE they were switched to stone. Castles became more elaborate over time to show social hierarchy and power over the ruling class.

What is the difference between feudalism and the manor system?

Feudalism describes the relationship between his knights and nobles (political and military relationship); the manor system is a relationship between a noble and his peasants (economic and social relationship)

Why would monasteries be important to the development of Europe?

It offered people the ability to have a life without worries or stress.

How would you characterize the lifestyle of Benedict's ideas of the right monastery?

It was very strict, disciplined, and everything they do is for God. They were the only people who could read.

What is the code of chivalry?

Knights where expected to be loyal to the church and to their lord, to be just, fair, and to protect the helpless

What is the relationship between lords and vassals?

Lords can be vassals to the king but lords can also have vassals themselves, for instance knights who protect them.

Was the Knights Code of Chivalry written down?

No

How are the roles and routines different from noblewoman and peasant women? How do the concerns in their lives differ?

Noblewoman worry about pleasing men and their community while peasant women worry about getting their work done for the lords.

Describe the three basic stages for a boy to become a knight.

Page- when they were seven they left home and went to live at the castle of a lord Squire- After seven years as a page you become a squire and spend most of your time with the knight who is your lord Knight- in early 20s you become a knight

What is the difference between a serf and a slave?

Slaves are owned

What is feudalism?

The system of obligations that governed the relationship between lords and vassals in medieval Europe that provided people with safety and protection.

Describe the daily life of nobleman?

They began with prayer, then mass, dressing very carefully, and proceeded with business. They then held court at the table in the he main hall, held power of life and death over everyone within his dominion

Why did most peasants accept their role in the feudal system?

They believed God determined a person's place in society

Where did monarchs get their power?

They believed in the divine right of kings, the idea that God had given them the right to rule.

What responsibility did nobleman have in the feudal system?

They have the responsibility to manage and defend their land. They appoint officials, act as judges in manor courts, and hold positions in the knights government.

What was the role of noblewomen in the feudal system? How does a noble woman's role change when her husband is away?

They held fiefs and inherited land, ran their estates, sat as judges in manor courts, and sent their knights to serve in times of war if their husband was away. They were also responsible for raising and training children.

How should a lady "behave", according to the Rules of Conduct for Ladies?

They must walk straight, salute the poor, have glances of care, not swear, not eat or drink too much, must remain silent with bowed heads when. In he presence of a lord, have their fingernails very clean, and must know the proper way to eat.

What sort of life do monks lead?

They work hard in the monastery and on lands. They are responsible for cooking, cleaning, farming, providing medical care, educating boys, and copying manuscripts. They are centered on hour which is the main prayer book and was divided into eight sections, or hours, that were meant to be read at specific times of the day.

What is the overall theme of the vows that all Knights take?

To be brave and to always think of others first.

What responsibilities did knights have in the feudal system?

To protect the lord

How should a nobleman or knight treat his beloved?

With courtly love, an ideal form of spiritual love in which a knight or courtier completely devotes himself to a noblewoman.