9-3

______ are concepts (mental models) that are used to help us categorize and interpret information.

schemata

Which of the following is a developmental issue children face during the sensorimotor stage?

stranger anxiety

Which of the following is not one of the reasons for the new lifespan development category called emerging adulthood?

younger average age for marriage

Which of the following does not occur during the concrete operational stage?

Children begin to use language.

Who developed the psychosocial theory of development?

Erik Erikson

Which of the following statements about parenting styles is true?

In some ethnic groups, authoritarian parenting is as beneficial as authoritative parenting

Who believed that moral development, like cognitive development, follows a series of stages?

Lawrence Kohlberg

Which of the following illustrates conservation?

Scott knows that one piece of pizza cut into two slices is the same amount as cutting the same piece of pizza into three slices.

Who called the stages of development psychosexual stages?

Sigmund Freud

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Socioemotional discrimination theory suggests that our social support and friendships dwindle in number as we get older, but they remain as close, if not more close, than in our earlier years.

The word "discrimination" should be changed to the word "selectivity."

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Children with FASD may have a large head size and abnormal facial features, poor judgment, poor impulse control, higher rates of ADHD, learning issues, and lower IQ scores.

The word "large" should be changed to the phrase "below average."

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? The zygote is a structure connected to the uterus that provides nourishment and oxygen from the mother to the developing embryo via the umbilical cord.

The word "zygote" should be changed to the word "placenta."

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory emphasizes the sexual nature of our development rather than its social nature.

The words "sexual" and "social" should be switched.

What does the normative approach ask regarding the lifespan?

What is normal development?

Which concept refers to the persistent difference in grades, test scores, and graduation rates that exist among students of different ethnicities, races, and sexes?

achievement gap

Which term refers to the adjustment of a schema by adding information similar to what is already known?

assimilation

Which parenting style is most encouraged in modern America?

authoritative

Which of the following is a developmental issue children face during the concrete operational stage?

conservation

What is the primary psychosocial milestone of childhood?

developing a positive sense of self

What does nurture refer to in the nature vs. nurture debate?

environment and culture

When people reach their 40s, they enter the time known as middle adulthood, which extends to the mid-60s. This involves finding their life's work and contributing to the development of others through activities such as volunteering, mentoring, and raising children. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?

generativity vs. stagnation

What does nature refer to in the nature vs. nurture debate?

genes and biology

Which of the following is a developmental issue children face during the formal operational stage?

moral reasoning

Which of the following is not a developmental issue children face during the preoperational stage?

object permanence

When children develop theory-of-mind (TOM), they can recognize that _____

others have false beliefs