A and P 1- Unit 3

How many metatarsal bones are found in each foot?

5

As adults, about ____ of our bones are remodeled annually.

5% to 10%

Chondrocytes appear at which state of fetal development?

6 to 8 weeks

When a broken bone is treated without surgery by being repositioned into its original configuration, the procedure is termed a(n):

Closed reduction

The most inferior end of the spinal column is the:

Coccyx

Fontanelles are:

Areas of connective tissue between bones of an infant's skull

Areas allowing movement where two bones meet are called:

Articulations

Where are epiphyseal plates found?

At the ends of long bones

The first cervical vertebrae, or C1, is also known as the:

Atlas

Which type of joint is seen in the hips and shoulders?

Ball and socket

Where would metatarsophalangeal joints be found?

Between the metatarsals and the toes

A fracture hematoma is created by:

Blood vessels torn as a consequence of a bone break

Appositional growth occurs when:

Bones grow in diameter

Which of the following are necessary to maintain bone density?

Calcium, Vitamin K, Vitamin D

What composes the lateral sides of the nose?

Cartilage

How do cartilaginous joints differ from synovial joints?

Cartilaginous joints lack a joint cavity

A specialized fibrous joint that anchors a tooth to its socket in the maxilla is termed a(n):

Gomphosis

Another name for the "big toe" is the:

Hallux

The function of sesamoid bones is to:

Protect tendons by assisting with compressive forces

Which of the following is not a part of the Axial Skeleton?

Radius

When blood calcium gets too high, what action does the thyroid gland perform?

Release of calcitonin

What is meant by the term "bone remodeling"?

Replacement of old bone with new bone deposition

The manubrium is a component of the:

Sternum

An immobile joint between adjacent bones of the skull is a(n):

Suture

A type of joint where bones are joined by fibrocartilage is a(n):

Symphysis

A type of joint where bones are joined by hyaline cartilage is termed a(n):

Synchondrosis

Which type of joint membrane surrounds the patella?

Synovial

The distal end of the fibula articulates with which bone of the foot?

Talus

What would be affected if damage occurred to the carpal tunnel?

Tendons and nerves running from the forearm to the hand

Which of the following is a paired bone in the pectoral girdle that is superior to the ribcage?

clavical

Lengthening of long bones is fully completed and ends when we are approximately ____ years old.

20

Bones grow in length until approximately ____ years of age.

18 to 21

Lifting an arm laterally away from the body is a movement termed:

Abduction

The presence of intervertebral discs classifies the movement capability of the vertebrae as having ____ joints.

Amphiarthrosis

The injury known as "whiplash," characterized by extreme posterior bending of the head and neck, is due to a tear of the:

Anterior longitudinal ligament

Turning the knee inward is a movement termed:

Medial rotation

All synovial joints are functionally classified as ____ joints.

Diarthrosis

Hematopoiesis is the term for:

Erythrocyte and leukocyte production

Which of the following hormones are responsible for growth spurts in adolescents?

Estrogen and testosterone

Side-to-side/lateral movement of the mandible is termed:

Excursion

What type of joint is represented by the cranial sutures?

Fibrous

In the lower leg, the bone that does not bear weight and functions primarily as a site of muscle attachment is the:

Fibula

The elbow is formed from the articulation of which three bones?

Humerus, radius, ulna

The ____ bone is at the base of the neck in a U-shape that aids in attachment for the tongue.

Hyoid

What is the name of the fan-like, superior region that forms the largest part of the hip bone?

Ilium

Where is diploe found?

In flat bones between layers of cortical bone

Where in the body would you find a metacarpophalangeal joint?

In the knuckles of the hands

What physiological change is caused from calcitonin secretion?

Increased calcium uptake by the bones

A type of syndesmosis joint found between the shafts of the tibia and fibula is a(n):

Interosseous membrane

What carries the weight of the body while in a seated position?

Ischial tuberosity

Prepatellar bursitis is most common in people who do which of the following movements frequently?

Kneeling

Osteoclasts develop from which of the following?

Leukocytes

What provides the bones of the pelvic girdle with support and stability?

Ligaments

The only movable bone of the skull is the:

Mandible

The majority of the hard palate is comprised of:

Maxillary bone

The large opening in the anteroinferior hip bone between the ischium and pubis is the:

Obturator foramen

A bone broken at a 60-degree angle that protrudes through the skin is termed a(n):

Open oblique

The movement of touching the thumb to the tip of a finger is termed:

Opposition

Which bone cells are overactive in Paget's disease?

Osteoclasts

A disease characterized by faster bone breakdown than formation and the thinning of bones is termed:

Osteoporosis

In a gomphosis joint, teeth are held in place to the maxilla by the action of:

Periodontal ligaments

Which type of joint allows for rotation around an axis, as seen in the side-to-side rotation of the head?

Pivot

A ballerina pointing her toes downward relies on this movement:

Plantar flexion

Which of the following is a type of plane joint?

Saddle joint

What type of bone is the patella categorized as?

Sesamoid

What is found at the thoracic costal facets?

The ribs

Through which bone is each hip bone attached to the axial skeleton?

The sacrum

What is the function of the vertebral foramen?

To allow passageway of the spinal cord

What is the function of the primary and secondary curvatures of the vertebral column?

To increase the column's strength, flexibility, and shock absorption

What is the function of osteoclasts?

To resorb old or damaged bone tissue

What is required for Calcium absorption in the body?

Vitamin D

Energy stores are deposited as adipose in the ____ .

Yellow bone marrow

A partial break of a bone is called what

greenstick fracture

The rate of bone growth is controlled by:

hormones

A spinal disorder marked by an excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic spine ("hunch back") is termed:

kyphosis