A & P midterm lab exam
Which of the following solutes would move the fastest?
sodium chloride
In which phase(s) of mitosis do the chromosomes contain a single copy of DNA?
telophase and anaphase
Which of the following is NOT a passive process?
vesicular transport
Which of the following would require an input of energy?
vesicular transport
The nucleus of the cell contains its genes, which are sections of ________.
DNA
The end product of mitosis is four genetically identical daughter nuclei.
False
Which of the following requires a membrane-bound carrier for transport?
facilitated diffusion
True or False: All animal cells have a cell wall.
false
This membranous organelle resembles a stack of flattened sacs with bulbous ends and associated vesicles.
golgi apparatus
These small bodies are found inside the nucleus of the cell. Made of proteins and RNA, these structures assemble ribosomes. They are ________.
nucleoli
The small size and biconcave shape of this cell gives it flexibility and allows its easy passage through small channels. It is a ________.
red blood cell
This organelle is particularly important during cell division. It directs the formation of the mitotic spindle.
centriole
Which of the following is not considered to be a cytoskeletal element?
centrioles
________ is/are a contractile ring of actin microfilaments that eventually results in the division of the cytoplasm.
cleavage furrow
________ are membranous sacs that detoxify harmful chemicals.
perixisomes
In __________, parts of the plasma membrane and cytoplasm extend and engulf a relatively large or solid material.
phagocytosis
When a cell is NOT dividing, the DNA is loosely spread throughout the nucleus in a threadlike form called __________.
chromatin
What event immediately precedes anaphase?
chromosomes cluster at the midline of the cell
The nucleus, plasma membrane and ________ are the three major regions of cells that can readily be seen with a light microscope.
cytoplasm
A passive process, __________ is the movement of solute molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration.
diffusion
A solution surrounding a cell is hypertonic if ________
it contains more nonpenetrating solute particles than the interior of the cell
This organelle digests other worn-out organelles and foreign substances that have entered the cell.
lysosome
Which organelle would you expect to play the largest role in total cell destruction?
lysosomes
You are observing a slide that contains cells undergoing cell division, and you have focused on a cell that has darkly staining X-shaped chromosomes that appear loose throughout the cell. You cannot see a nuclear envelope. This cell is in ________.
prophase
Plasma cells are key to the immune response because they secrete antibodies. Given that antibodies are made of protein, which membrane-enclosed cell organelle would you expect the plasma cells to have in abundance?
rough endoplasmic reticulum
This organelle stores and transports proteins, and synthesizes phospholipids and cholesterol.
endoplasmic reticulum
When the solutes are evenly distributed throughout a solution, we say the solution has reached _______.
equilibrium
From the time it is formed until it reproduces, the cell undergoes growth and carries out its functions in the body. What is the name for this portion of the cell's life cycle?
interphase
Name the rod-shaped organelles that have a double-membrane wall and that oxidize foodstuffs to make ATP.
mitochondria
The division of human cells consists of a series of events, collectively called ________, or nuclear division, and ________, or division of the cytoplasm.
mitosis, cytokinesis
________ carry out specific functions inside cells, whereas ________ store glycogen, lipids, pigments, and other substances.
organelles, inclusions
________ molecules form the major component of the plasma membrane and are arranged in the form of a bilayer.
phospholipid
During this phase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle forms and the nuclear envelope fragments.
prophase
For solutes that move by simple diffusion, which of the following does NOT affect the rate of simple diffusion across a membrane?
-the potential energy of the solute -the membrane pore size
In __________ processes, the cell provides energy in the form of ATP to power the transport process.
active
During ________, the shortest phase of mitosis, chromosomes are pulled toward the poles of the cell
anaphase
Only one human cell has a flagellum. This specialization allows the cell to propel itself forward. It is a ________.
flagellum
Ribosomes/ribosomal subunits are found ________.
free in the cytoplasm
Which of the following does NOT describe the plasma membrane?
impermeable
DNA replication occurs during __________.
interphase
During __________ the cell grows and performs its usual activities.
interphase
________ are tiny finger like projections on some cell surfaces that increase the surface area for absorption of materials.
microvilli
Because these organelles are responsible for providing most of the ATP needed by the cell, they are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell. They are the __________.
mitochondria
The plasma membrane allows nutrients to enter the cell and keeps undesirable substances out of the cell. It also allows wastes to pass out of the cell and keeps valuable cell proteins inside the cell. This property is called ________.
selective permeability
The plasma membrane not only provides a protective boundary for the cell but also determines which substances enter or exit the cell. We call this characteristic __________.
selective permeability
In this activity, the solutes were transported through the dialysis membrane by _______.
simple diffusion
The end product of cell division by mitosis is ________.
2 genetically identical daughter cells
Through which membrane(s) would sodium chloride diffuse?
50 MWCO, 100 MWCO, and 200 MWCO
Some antifungal medications work by blocking DNA synthesis in the fungal cell. During which phase of the cell cycle do these medications work?
S phase
