AAMI Pathology for Embalmers Unit 5

Ectopic Pregnancy

- the embryonic development proceeds for about 2 months at which time pregnancy terminates - tube ruptures causing severe internal hemorrhage into the abdominal cavity.

Ectopic Pregnancy

The fertilized egg (zygote) becomes trapped due to a stricture or obstruction such as a tumor, adhesions, prior salpingitis or STD's

Chlamydia

a bacterial infection of the genital tract caused by Chlamydia Trachomatis

Endometriosis

a condition in which the tissues that normally lines the uterus (endometrium) grows in other areas of the body such as: - pelvic region - the surface of the uterus - ovaries - intestines - rectum - urinary bladder

Vagina

a tube like organ connecting the external and internal genital organs.

Syphillis

caused by the bacteria Treponema Pallidum which enters the body through minor cuts or abrasions in the skin or mucous membranes.

Acute, Chronic

endocervicitis may be _______ or ________

Bacterial

endometritis is usually caused by a _________ infection.

True

gonorrhea can be passed from mother to child during birth. T/F

Women

if left untreated gonorrhea can cause serious complications, especially in ________.

Syphillis

if left untreated this disease can lead to serious complications or death. But with early diagnosis and treatment, the disease can be successfully treated.

Peritonitis

if the outer ends of the fallopian tubes remain open, salpingitis can spread out into the pelvic cavity and cause _______.

True

in gonorrhea many people experience mild or no signs or symptoms. T/F

Tabes Dorsalis

in neurosyphillis, when damage to the spinal cord occurs, it is usually a degeneration of the posterior part of the cord and is called _______.

Pyosalpinx

in salpingitis if the outer ends of the fallopian tubes close and the tubes fill with pus, then the condition is called _______.

Salpingitis

in this disease the fallopian tubes will appear red and swollen

Latent

in this stage of syphillis: - a period during which the infected person shows no signs of infection, which may last months, years, or their entire lifetime. - this stage need not appear, and the tertiary stage may follow directly from the secondary stage.

Secondary

in this stage of syphillis: - manifestations may appear over a period of 5 years - two of the signs associated with secondary syphillis are - a generalized skin rash - small ulcerations on the mucous membranes particulary the mouth, called mucous patches.

Mastitis

inflammation of the breasts that results in breast pain, swelling, warmth, and redness of the breasts.

Salpingitis

inflammation of the fallopian tubes

Endocervicitis

inflammation of the lining of the uterus and the lining of the cervix

Endocervicitis

inflammation of the mucous lining of the cervix

Vaginitis

inflammation of the vagina.

General Paresis

neurosyphillis may lead to damage of the brain, resulting in a mental deterioration and paralysis called ___________.

Ectopic Pregnancy

pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum implants in a tissue other than the uterus.

Eclampsia

principal signs of _____: - edema of the face and extremities - weight gain - albuminuria

Sexually

salpingitis is usually a _______ transmitted disease

Unilateral

salpingitis is usually bilateral, but in cases with IUD it is ___________.

Eclampsia

seizures or convulsions in pregnant woman that are not related to brain conditions.

Gonorrhea

signs and symptoms for ________: - burning sensation when urinating - a think cloudy or bloody discharge from the penis or vagina.

Salpingitis

signs and symptoms of ________ include: - fever - lower abdominal pain - nausea - vomiting

Chlamydia

signs and symptoms of: - painful urination - lower abdominal pain - vaginal discharge in women - discharge from the penis in men - painful sexual intercourse in women - testicular pain in men

Fibroid Tumors

signs include: - abnormal bleeding between periods or excessively heavy menstrual flow.

Sex

syphillis's most common route of transmission is through contact with an infeted person during ______

Penicillin

the discovery of ________ in the 1940s and its use in treating syphillis led to a dramatic decline in the incidence of the disease.

Vulvua

the entrance to the vagina.

Ovum

the female reproduction system is responsible for the production of the _______.

Fibroid

the growth of these tumors is stimulated by estrogen because they only develop during reproductive years.

Ovulation

the ova is produced in the female ovary and expelled in a process called _________.

Antibiotic

the treatment for salpingitis is high doses of _______.

Cervix

the upper end of the vagina is occluded by the ______ of the uterus.

Mons Pubis

the vulva is surrounded by the hairy skin of the _________.

Fibroid Tumors

these are benign tumors of smooth muscle of the uterus.

Fibroid

these tumors are very common and frequently cause no symptoms. They are present in 20% of woman.

Gonorrhea

this STD is caused by Nessieria Gonorrhea or Gonococcus

Gonorrhea

this STD: - a highly contagious STD - one of the most common - referred to as the clap

Chlamydia

this STD: - spreads easily through sexual contact - another more common STD - affects both men and women and ocurs in all age groups - isn't difficult to treat once you known you have it - if left untreated, it can lead to more serious health problems - may be difficult to detect because early-stage infections often cause few or no signs and symptoms that might alert you to see your doctor. - when signs do occur, they usually start 1-3 weeks after you've been exposed to it.

Syphillis

this affects genitals, skin and mucous membranes but may also affect other parts of your body including your brain and your heart

Vaginitis

this can also result from reduced estrogen levels after menopause.

Sterility

this can result if both ends of the fallopian tubes close.

Acute

this cervicitis may be asymptomatic

Chronic

this cervicitis may include: - vaginal bleeding after intercourse - painful menstrual periods - lower abdominal pain - painful urination - yellowish discharge

Vaginitis

this disease can result in vaginal discharge, itching, and pain.

Endocervicitis

this disease is caused by: - vaginal infections - STD's

Endometritis

this disease is characterized by: - fever (100-104 degree F) - abdominal pain - abnormal vaginal bleeding - abnormal vaginal discharge (unusual color, odor or increased amount) - enlargement of the uterus

Salpingitis

this disease is usually caused by: - gonococcus - chlamydia - streptococcus - staphylococcus

Dermoid Cyst

this disease is: - a benign neoplasm - contains a sebaceous material and or other tissues (hair, nails, teeth, skin, bone, etc.) - occur frequently in the ovary but may develop in other organs such as the lungs.

Salpingitis

this disease may follow the insertion of an intrauterine device; unsterile abortion or delivery

Eclampsia

this is a 3rd trimester condition and of unknown (idiopathic) origin.

Endometriosis

this is an idiopathic disorder which causes severe pain, bleeding, swelling, and infertility.

Vaginitis

this is caused by a change in the normal balance of vaginal bacteria or an infection.

Endometritis

this is commonly caused by: - gonococci - hemolytic streptococci - chlamydia

Syphillis

this is contagious during its primary and secondary stages, and sometimes in the early latent period.

Mastitis

this is typically caused by purulent bacteria, such as staphylococcus or streptococcus.

Mastitis

this most commonly affects women who are breast feeding.

Primary

this stage of syphillis: - characterized by the appearance of chancres, which begin as small nodules under the skin and rupture into shallow ulcers. - this genital sore appears several weeks after initial contact and persist for 4-6 weeks, after which they will heal.

Incubation

this stage of syphillis: - last from 3-6 weeks, during which time the organism invades the body, migrates through the regional lymph nodes, and enters the bloodstream.

Tertiary

this stage of syphillis: - the hallmark lesion is the gumma, (areas of necrotic tissues) - although any area of the body may be affected, the cardiovascular and nervous system, seem to be the most common places.

Congenital

this type of syphillis: - refers to syphillis acquired from the mother befor birth. - the infant may have: - vesicular skin eruptions - a persistent nasal discharge known as snuffles - linear scar at the angles of the mouth

Trichomoniasis

this type of vaginitis is caused by a paratise and is commonly transmitted by sexual intercourse.

Yeast Infections

this type of vaginitis: - a naturally occurring fungus called candida albicans usually causes this. - an estimated 3 out of 4 women will have this in their lieftime.

Bacterial

this type of vaginitis: - results from overgrowth of one of several organisms normally present in the vagina, upsetting the natural balance of vaginal bacteria.

Atrophic

this type of vaginitis: - results from reduced estrogen levels after menopause - the vaginal tissue becomes thinner and rier, which may lead to itching, burning or pain.

Eclampsia

toxemia of pregnancy or pregnancy induced hypertension

Antibiotics, Acyclovir

treatment of endocervicitis depends on the cause; _______ for bacterial, _______ for herpes

Mammary Glands

what are the accessory organs of the female reproductive system?

STD

what are the most common infectious disease in the United States.

Tubal Pregnancy

what is an ectopic pregnancy that is in the fallopian tubes called?

Teratoma

what is another term for dermoid cyst?

Cervicitis

what is another term for endocervicitis

Prenatal Syphillis

what is congenital syphillis also known as

Candida Albicans

what is the fungus that causes yeast infections?

Cervix

what is the inferior portion of the uterus called?

Endometrial

what is the inner layer of the uterus called?

Gumma

what is the lesion of the tertiary stage of syphillis?

Chancres

what is the lesion that appears in the primary stage of syphillis?

Body

what is the main central part of the uterus called?

Myometrium

what is the middle layer of the uterus called?

Trichomoniasis

what is the most common STD?

Fallopian Tubes

what is the most common site for an ectopic pregnancy?

Eclampsia

what is the most severe form that may cause maternal death.

Perimetrium

what is the outer layer of the uterus called?

Snuffles

what is the persistent nasal discharge that is seen during congenital syphillis called?

Vestibule

what is the term used to identify the entranceway into the vagina from the outside.

Fundus

what it the upper dome shaped part of the uterus?

Syphillitic Meningitis

when neurosyphillis affects the meninges it results in?

Fallopian Tubes

where does fertilization normally take place.

Hysterectomy

with fibroid tumors a _________ is generally required if leiomyoms are large and bleeding continues.

Endometritis

an inflammation or irritation of the the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus.

Gonorrhea

bacterium is spread through semen or vaginal fluids during unprotected sex with an infected partner.