A&P 2: CH 18

Parathyroid hormone is the major regulator of the plasma concentration of which of the following ions? 1. Calcium 2. Sodium 3. Potassium 4. Chloride 5. Manganese

1. Calcium

Which blood glucose-lowering hormone is produced by the pancreatic islet cells? 1. Insulin 2. Glucagon 3. Somatostatin 4. Thyroid hormones 5. Calcitonin

1. Insulin

What is not a function of the parathyroid glands? 1. decrease formation of vitamin D 2. increase the number of osteoclasts 3. regulate the level of calcium in the blood 4. increase bone resorption 5. promote formation of calcitriol

1. decrease formation of vitamin D

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced by the 1. placenta. 2. ovaries. 3. testes. 4. pituitary gland. 5. hypothalamus.

1. placenta.

The flight-or-flight response produces all of the following except: 1. increased heart rate and force of contraction 2. dilation of vessels to the digestive organs 3. increase in blood pressure 4. decreased urinary activity 5. increased glycogenolysis

2. dilation of vessels to the digestive organs

Which hormone is not matched correctly with its principal action? 1. gastrin - increases stomach movement 2. erythropoietin (EPO) - increases white blood cell production 3. leptin - suppresses appetite 4. atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) - lowers blood pressure 5. estrogens - prepare mammary gland to secrete milk

2. erythropoietin (EPO) - increases white blood cell production

Which of the following statements is not true about the thyroid gland? 1. most of the gland is made up of sacs called thyroid follicles 2. the parafollicular cells produce thyroxine 3. the lobes are connected by an isthmus 4. it is the only endocrine gland that stores hormones in large amounts 5. hormones secreted control the basal metabolic rate (BMR)

2. the parafollicular cells produce thyroxine

Which of the following hormones plays key regulatory roles in the body's long-term response to stress? 1. Insulin, Glucagon, Thyroid hormone 2. hGH, Insulin, Aldosterone 3. Cortisol, hGH, Thyroid hormone 4. Parathyroid hormone, Cortisol, hGH 5. Calcitonin, Thyroid hormone, Insulin

3. Cortisol, hGH, Thyroid hormone

Which of the following conditions would result from hyposecretion of aldosterone? 1. Decreased heart rate 2. Decreased airway dilation 3. Dehydration 4. Decreased oxygen delivery to the brain 5. Metabolic acidosis

3. Dehydration

What controls hormone release from the anterior pituitary gland? 1. Muscle contraction 2. The peripheral nervous system 3. Hormones released from the hypothalamus 4. Action potentials from the thalamus 5. Chemical changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

3. Hormones released from the hypothalamus

Age induced osteoporosis is thought to be the result of an increase in _________ and a decrease in ________ levels. 1. cacitriol, TSH 2. calcitonin, PTH 3. PTH, calcitonin 4. glucocorticoids, TSH

3. PTH, calcitonin

Releasing hormones from the hypothalamus are carried to the anterior pituitary 1. via the infundibulum 2. by axonal transport in the hypothalamohypophyseal tract 3. by the hypophyseal portal vein 4. in the systemic circulation

3. by the hypophyseal portal vein

Which of the following is a true statement? 1. the levels of glucagon and insulin are based on a positive feedback system 2. hyperglycemia stimulates release of glucagon 3. insulin increases glycogenesis and lipogenesis 4. glucagon stimulates kidney cells to releases glucose into the blood 5. blood amino acid level is the most important regulator of insulin and glucagon

3. insulin increases glycogenesis and lipogenesis

Hypersecretion of a hormone by the endocrine gland marked in the diagram results in a type of depression that affects some people during the winter months, when the day length is short. This condition is known as 1. thyroid crisis (storm). 2. general adaptation syndrome (GAS). 3. seasonal affective disorder (SAD). 4. Addisonian crisis. 5. posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

3. seasonal affective disorder (SAD).

An increase in the blood osmotic pressure will stimulate the release of 1. oxytocin 2. LH 3. FSH 4. ADH

4. ADH

Which of the following is NOT a common response of the body to long-term stress? 1. Increased lipolysis 2. Increased glycogenesis 3. Increased gluconeogenesis 4. Increased digestive activities 5. Increased breakdown of proteins

4. Increased digestive activities

Which of the following is NOT a function of a hormone? 1. Regulates chemical composition and volume of the internal environment 2. Regulates metabolism 3. Regulates glandular secretions 4. Produces electrolytes 5. Controls growth and development

4. Produces electrolytes

Which of the following statements does NOT describe a step in the synthesis and secretion of T3 and T4? 1. Iodide trapping 2. Oxidation of iodide 3. Coupling of T1 and T2 4. Synthesis of parathyroid hormone 5. Iodination of tyrosine

4. Synthesis of parathyroid hormone

Which of the following hormones promotes increases in the basal metabolic rate (BMR)? 1. Insulin 2. Adrenocorticotropic hormone 3. Glucagon 4. Thyroid hormone 5. Calcitonin

4. Thyroid hormone

Which of the following glands is NOT an endocrine gland? 1. pituitary gland 2. thyroid gland 3. adrenal gland 4. sebaceous gland 5. pineal gland

4. sebaceous gland

Which statement is correct regarding the relationship between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland? 1. releasing hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary 2. the hypothalamus is 'controlled' by the pituitary gland 3. the posterior lobe of the pituitary secretes inhibiting hormones 4. the hypothalamus secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones that influence the pituitary gland

4. the hypothalamus secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones that influence the pituitary gland

Blood leaving the hypophyseal portal vein next enters 1. the posterior pituitary 2. the anterior pituitary 3. the first capillary bed 4. the second capillary bed 5. anterior hypophyseal vein

4. the second capillary bed

Which of the following is an example of a hormone that is secreted from an endocrine gland in response to a chemical change in the blood? 1. Parathyroid hormone release from the parathyroid gland. 2. Insulin release from the pancreas. 3. Glucagon release from the pancreas. 4. ADH release from the posterior pituitary gland. 5. All the answer selections are correct.

5. All the answer selections are correct.

Which of the following sequence of events is correct regarding the mechanism of protein hormone action? I. activation of adenylate cyclase II. activation of the G protein III. activation of a protein kinase IV. phosphorylation of a cellular protein V. binding to membrane receptor VI. formation of the cAMP 1. I, II, III, IV, V, VI 2. V, II, III, VI, I, IV 3. III, IV, II, I, VI, V 4. V, IV, VI, I, III, II 5. V, II, I, VI, III, IV

5. V, II, I, VI, III, IV

Leptin is a hormone produced by the 1. placenta. 2. ovaries. 3. testes. 4. pituitary gland. 5. adipose tissue.

5. adipose tissue.