A&P Ch 1

This system produces body movements, stabilizes body positions and generates heat.

muscular

The homeostasis of the body is controlled through a series of steps called a feedback system or feedback loop. One component of such systems is a control center. Which of the following organs would frequently serve as the control center for a feedback system (remember, the control center evaluates the disruption to homeostasis, and it also triggers a response)?

Brain

At what level(s) of organization would an exercise physiologist study the human body?

Cell Organ Organ system

Which subspecialty of anatomy studies the structures and function of cells?

Cell biology

Atoms and molecules are part of which level of organization in the human body?

Chemical

The development of specialized cells from unspecialized stem cells is a description of which of the following basic life processes?

Differentiation

Which of the following is mismatched?

Effector - Analyzes receptor output to determine if a controlled condition is correctly maintained

The two systems most responsible for maintaining homeostasis are the

Endocrine and nervous systems

Cells are able to transport materials from one region of the cell to another just as the body is able to transport substances to different locations, or skeletal muscles (working with your skeleton) can transport you from the sofa to the refrigerator. What basic life process is illustrated by this description?

Movement

If blood concentrations of thyroid hormones increase above a certain level, Thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) neurons in the hypothalamus are inhibited and stop secreting TRH. This is an example of

Negative feedback

A structure made up of two or more types of tissues that performs a specific set of functions is at what level of organization?

Organ

Regulation of blood glucose in the body is an example of homeostasis.

True

Which system of the body is responsible for elimination of wastes and regulating the volume and composition of the blood, including production of red blood cells?

Urinary

A positive feedback mechanism is defined as

a feedback mechanism that reinforces the change in the controlled condition

Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains:

a relatively stable internal environment within limits.

If a doctor listens to a gurgling noise within the gastrointestinal tract, they are performing

auscultation

In order to improve a patient's _______, a respiratory therapist would be interested in studying the functions of the individual's ___________.

breathing; air passageways and lungs

The lowest level that exhibits the characteristics of life is

cells

_____ occurs when an embryonic stem cell becomes a neuron.

differentiation

Hormonal or electrical signals are sent from the control center to the

effectors

Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the effects of hormones control of reproduction?

endocrinology

A particular stimulus causes an increase in the levels of CO2 in the blood. A feedback mechanism that increases respiration rate to exhale more CO2 would be

negative

If one was reviewing the pattern of tissue changes associated with disease development, they would be studying

pathological anatomy

Hydrochloric acid and pepsin are enzymes secreted by cells in your stomach to digest proteins. The presence of partially digested protein in the stomach triggers the secretion of more HCl and pepsin. Thus, once digestion begins, it becomes a self-accelerating process. This is an example of

positive feedback

Anatomy

the science of the body structures and the relationships among them

All of the following would be methods of studying anatomy except:

using devices that measure heart rate and respiration