A&P ch.4

How are endocrine and exocrine glands different from each other?

Endocrine glands secrete substances (hormones) into blood without the use of ducts, whereas exocrine glands use ducts to secrete substances into the external environment.

What tissue type has polarity and is avascular?

Epithelium Epithelia have polarity, which is to say that there is directionality. There is always an exposed surface and an attached surface. Epithelia are also avascular.

Which cells are commonly found wedged between simple columnar epithelial cells?

Goblet cells

Inability to absorb digested nutrients and secrete mucus might indicate a disorder in which epithelial tissue?

Simple columnar

Which of the following epithelia forms the walls of the air sacs across which gas exchange occurs in the lungs? simple columnar pseudostratified columnar simple cuboidal simple squamous

Simple squamous

Endothelium provides

a slick surface lining all hollow cardiovascular organs.

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

appears to have two or three layers of cells, but all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane.

Pseudostratified epithelia

are found in the respiratory linings.

Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as ________.

endocrine

Arteries, veins, and lymphatics keep clots from sticking as long as their ________ is intact and healthy.

endothelium

T/F Merocrine glands produce their secretions by accumulating their secretions internally until the cell ruptures.

false

A ciliated version of pseudostratified columnar epithelium containing mucus-secreting goblet cells ________.

lines most of the respiratory tract

An exocrine gland that has an unbranched duct would be classified as a __________.

multicellular simple gland

All epithelia exhibit __________ which is defined by the presence of an __________ or free, surface and a ___________ , or attached, surface that differ in both structure and function.

polarity; apical; basal

Stratified squamous epithelia are present where...

protection from abrasion is important.

Epithelia are classified by their _______ and ________

shape and layering

You observe a tissue under a microscope. There appears to be a lumen on one side of the tissue. Lining this lumen, the cells seem to have long, fingerlike projections. Beneath the projections, the cells seem to have the shape of shoeboxes and are packed tightly together. What type of tissue are you looking at?

simple columnar epithelia

Transitional epithelia are found in areas that

stretch, in particular the ureters and urinary bladder.

What function do transitional epithelia have?

stretching

Epithelial glands are named based on their _____ , _____ and _____

type of secretion, number of cells, and structure.

goblet cells

unicellular exocrine glands that secrete mucin, a protein that combines with water to form mucus.

Mucins

water-soluble, complex glycoproteins that are secreted by goblet cells.

stratified squamous epithelium

A many-layered epithelium with cuboidal basal cells and flat cells at its surface

Which of the following is a property of epithelial tissue? A. Epithelial tissue is typically unable to regenerate. B. Epithelial tissue contains blood vessels. C. Epithelial tissue is innervated. D. Epithelial tissue does not exhibit polarity.

C. Epithelial tissue is innervated.

Which of the following is a modification of the simple columnar epithelium that allows for efficient absorption along portions of the digestive tract? dense microvilli cilia thin and permeable fibroblasts

Dense microvilli

Which of the following describes a holocrine gland? Holocrine glands secrete their products by pinching off the apex of the cell. Holocrine glands secrete their products by exocytosis. Holocrine glands secrete their products by rupturing. Holocrine glands secrete their products through a hollow, tubular duct.

Holocrine glands secrete their products by rupturing.

Which of the following is true about the mode of secretion of exocrine glands? Apocrine cells are destroyed, then replaced, after secretion. Merocrine glands are not altered by the secretory process. Holocrine cells are slightly damaged by the secretory process, but repair themselves. These glands are ductless.

Merocrine glands are not altered by the secretory process.

Simple cuboidal epithelia are adapted for

absorption and secretion.

Which tissue would line the uterine (fallopian) tubes and function as a "conveyor belt" to help move a fertilized egg towards the uterus?

ciliated simple columnar epithelium

The salivary glands are a good example of a(n) ________ exocrine gland.

compound tubuloalveolar