A&P Chapter 1: Exam 1
b
1) Histology would be best defined as a study of ________. A) cells B) tissues C) cell chemistry D) the gross structures of the body
c
1) Thoracic cavity
d
10) The cavities housing the eyes are called __________ cavities. A) frontal B) cranial C) nasal D) orbital
c
11) A structure that is composed of two or more tissues would be a(n) ________. A) complex tissue B) organ system C) organ D) complex cell
b
12) ________ cavities are spaces within joints. A) Nasal B) Synovial C) Orbital D) Oral
d
13) Which of the following would not be a functional characteristic of life? A) movement B) responsiveness to external stimuli C) maintenance of boundaries D) decay
d
14) Which term means toward or at the back of the body, behind? A) anterior B) lateral C) distal D) dorsal
c
15) The single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60% to 80% of body weight, is ________. A) oxygen B) protein C) water D) hydrogen
d
16) What is the posterior side of the patella called? A) sural B) crural C) antecubital D) popliteal
c
17) Which of the following statements is true concerning feedback mechanisms? A) Positive feedback mechanisms always result in excessive damage to the host. B) Negative feedback mechanisms tend to increase the original stimulus. C) Negative feedback mechanisms work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body. D) Blood glucose levels are regulated by positive feedback mechanisms
c
18) The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except ________. A) body erect B) arms at sides C) palms turned posteriorly D) thumbs pointed laterally
c
19) A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be ________. A) body temperature regulation B) regulating glucose levels in the blood C) enhancement of labor contractions D) blood calcium level regulation
a
2) Cranial cavity.
b
2) The study of the heart may incorporate many aspects of anatomy but as a whole you would say it is __________ anatomy. A) microscopic B) gross C) developmental D) systemic
c
20) Which of the following describes a parasagittal plane? A) a transverse cut just above the knees B) two cuts dividing the body into left and right halves C) any sagittal plane except the median D) any cut dividing the body into anterior and posterior
d
21) Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region? A) appendix B) stomach C) liver D) intestines
b
22) The parietal pleural would represent a serous membrane ________. A) covering individual lungs B) lining the thoracic cavity C) covering the heart D) lining the abdominal cavity
d
23) Which one of the following systems responds to environmental stimuli? A) muscular B) lymphatic C) immune D) nervous
c
24) Choose the anatomical topic and definition that is not correctly matched. A) Gross anatomy: study of structures visible to the eye. B) Microscopic anatomy: study of structures too small to be seen by the naked eye. C) Cytology: study of the structures in a particular region. D) Embryology: study of the changes in an individual from conception to birth.
b
25) Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains ________. A) the lowest possible energy usage B) a relatively stable internal environment, within limits C) a static state with no deviation from preset points D) a dynamic state within an unlimited range
a
26) In which cavities are the lungs located? A) pleural, ventral, and thoracic B) mediastinum, thoracic, and ventral C) pleural, dorsal, and abdominal D) pericardial, ventral, and thoracic
c
27) Choose the following statement that is not completely correct regarding serous membranes. A) Serosa are very thin, double-layered structures. B) Serous membranes are divided into parietal and visceral membranes with a potential space between the two. C) Visceral pericardium covers the surface of the heart, and parietal pericardium lines the walls of the heart. D) Serous membranes secrete a watery lubricating fluid.
b
28) Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex: 1. molecules 2. atoms 3. tissues 4. cells 5. organ A) 1-2-3-4-5 B) 2-1-4-3-5 C) 2-1-3-4-5 D) 1-2-4-3-5
d
29) Which of the following imaging devices would best localize a tumor in a person's brain? A) X ray B) DSA C) PET D) MRI
d
3) Abdominal cavity
b
3) An increased rate of breathing as a result of an increased buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream would be best described as an example of ________. A) maintaining boundaries B) excretion of metabolic waste C) responsiveness D) metabolism
b
30) Which of these is not part of the dorsal cavity? A) cranial cavity B) thoracic cavity C) spinal cord D) vertebral cavity
c
31) In which abdominopelvic cavity is the stomach located? A) right upper B) right lower C) left upper D) left lower
a
32) Which of the following statements is the most correct regarding homeostatic imbalance? A) It is considered the cause of most diseases. B) The internal environment is becoming more stable. C) Positive feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed. D) Negative feedback mechanisms are functioning normally.
d
33) Subdivisions of anatomy include which of the following? A) gross, macroscopic, visual, and microscopic B) gross, regional, dissection, and surface C) regional, surface, visual, and microscopic D) gross, regional, systemic, and surface
d
34) The term pollex refers to the ________. A) great toe B) calf C) fingers D) thumb
b
35) The dorsal body cavity is the site of which of the following? A) intestines B) brain C) lungs D) liver
a
36) Select the most correct statement. A) The immune system is closely associated with the lymphatic system. B) Organ systems operate independently of each other to maintain life. C) The endocrine system is not a true structural organ system. D) Organ systems can be composed of cells or tissues, but not both.
b
37) One of the functional characteristics of life is irritability. This refers to ________. A) indigestible food residues stimulating the excretory system B) sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them C) the nervous system causing all living things to sometimes experience anger D) the necessity for all organisms to reproduce
d
38) Which of the following are survival needs of the body? A) nutrients, water, movement, and reproduction B) nutrients, water, growth, and reproduction C) water, atmospheric pressure, growth, and movement D) nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen
b
39) The anatomical position is used ________. A) rarely, because people don't usually assume this position B) as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body C) only when a body is lying down D) as the most comfortable way to stand when dissecting a specimen
d
4) Average body temperature is ________ degrees centigrade. A) 98 B) 68 C) 47 D) 37
b
4) Vertebral cavity.
c
40) What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into left and right, called? A) frontal B) regional C) sagittal D) transverse
a
41) What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior regions called? A) frontal B) median C) sagittal D) transverse
b
42) Which body cavity protects the nervous system? A) cranial B) dorsal C) vertebral D) thoracic
b
43) Which of the following describes the operation of the heart and blood vessels? A) systemic anatomy B) cardiovascular anatomy C) systemic physiology D) cardiovascular physiology
a
5) If you consider your home air conditioner in terms of homeostasis, then the wall thermostat would be the ________. A) control center B) receptor C) effector D) variable
c
5) Umbilical region.
b
6) Right hypochondriac.
b
6) What is the main, general purpose of negative feedback? A) to control all body system tissues B) to maintain homeostasis C) to keep the body's sugar high D) to regulate excretion
d
7) Hypogastric (pubic) region
d
7) What is the specific name for the hip region? A) manus B) inguinal C) pedal D) coxal
b
8) An oblique cut is one that is cut ________. A) horizontal right and left B) diagonally between the vertical and horizontal C) vertical right and left D) perpendicular to vertical and horizontal
a
8) Epigastric region
e
9) Right iliac (inguinal) region.
d
9) The heart lies in the ________ cavity. A) superior mediastinal B) pleural C) dorsal D) pericardial
c
Match the following cavities and organs: A) Thoracic B) Cranial C) Abdominopelvic 27) Stomach
a
Match the following cavities and organs: A) Thoracic B) Cranial C) Abdominopelvic 28) Heart
c
Match the following cavities and organs: A) Thoracic B) Cranial C) Abdominopelvic 29) Uterus
b
Match the following cavities and organs: A) Thoracic B) Cranial C) Abdominopelvic 30) Brain.
a
Match the following cavities and organs: A) Thoracic B) Cranial C) Abdominopelvic 31) Lungs
b
Match the following examples of feedback mechanisms: A) Positive feedback B) Negative feedback 18) Blood glucose levels
b
Match the following examples of feedback mechanisms: A) Positive feedback B) Negative feedback 19) Blood pressure
a
Match the following examples of feedback mechanisms: A) Positive feedback B) Negative feedback 20) Blood clotting
a
Match the following examples of feedback mechanisms: A) Positive feedback B) Negative feedback 21) Delivering a baby
c
Match the following regional terms and common terms: A) Patellar B) Cephalic C) Brachial D) Gluteal E) Thoracic 32) Arm.
d
Match the following regional terms and common terms: A) Patellar B) Cephalic C) Brachial D) Gluteal E) Thoracic 33) Buttock.
b
Match the following regional terms and common terms: A) Patellar B) Cephalic C) Brachial D) Gluteal E) Thoracic 34) Head.
a
Match the following regional terms and common terms: A) Patellar B) Cephalic C) Brachial D) Gluteal E) Thoracic 35) Knee (anterior aspect).
e
Match the following regional terms and common terms: A) Patellar B) Cephalic C) Brachial D) Gluteal E) Thoracic 36) Chest.
a
Match the following systems and organs: A) Cardiovascular B) Endocrine C) Respiratory D) Urinary E) Digestive 22) Arteries, veins, heart.
c
Match the following systems and organs: A) Cardiovascular B) Endocrine C) Respiratory D) Urinary E) Digestive 23) Trachea, bronchi, alveoli.
b
Match the following systems and organs: A) Cardiovascular B) Endocrine C) Respiratory D) Urinary E) Digestive 24) Adrenal glands, pancreas, pituitary
e
Match the following systems and organs: A) Cardiovascular B) Endocrine C) Respiratory D) Urinary E) Digestive 25) Esophagus, large intestine, rectum.
d
Match the following systems and organs: A) Cardiovascular B) Endocrine C) Respiratory D) Urinary E) Digestive 26) Kidneys, bladder, ureters.
a
Match the following systems to their functions: A) Endocrine B) Cardiovascular C) Lymphatic D) Immune 14) Controls the body with chemical molecules called hormones.
b
Match the following systems to their functions: A) Endocrine B) Cardiovascular C) Lymphatic D) Immune 15) Delivers oxygen and nutrients to the tissues.
d
Match the following systems to their functions: A) Endocrine B) Cardiovascular C) Lymphatic D) Immune 16) Produces antibodies that neutralize foreign substances
c
Match the following systems to their functions: A) Endocrine B) Cardiovascular C) Lymphatic D) Immune 17) Removes and filters excess fluid from tissues.
d
Match the following systems to their functions: A) Skeletal B) Nervous C) Integumentary D) Muscular 10) Directly causes mechanical motion.
b
Match the following systems to their functions: A) Skeletal B) Nervous C) Integumentary D) Muscular 11) Responds to environmental changes by transmitting electrical impulses.
a
Match the following systems to their functions: A) Skeletal B) Nervous C) Integumentary D) Muscular 12) Provides support and levers for muscles to work on.
c
Match the following systems to their functions: A) Skeletal B) Nervous C) Integumentary D) Muscular 13) Protects underlying organs from mechanical damage and synthesizes vitamin D.
c
Match the regional/directional terms and examples: A) Proximal B) Superior C) Medial D) Anterior E) Distal 37) The bridge of the nose is ________ to the left eye
a
Match the regional/directional terms and examples: A) Proximal B) Superior C) Medial D) Anterior E) Distal 38) The upper arm is ________ to the forearm.
b
Match the regional/directional terms and examples: A) Proximal B) Superior C) Medial D) Anterior E) Distal 39) The heart is ________ to the stomach.
e
Match the regional/directional terms and examples: A) Proximal B) Superior C) Medial D) Anterior E) Distal 40) The fingers are ________ to the wrist.
d
Match the regional/directional terms and examples: A) Proximal B) Superior C) Medial D) Anterior E) Distal 41) The stomach is ________ to the spine.
True
True/False Questions 1) Positive feedback mechanisms tend to increase the original stimulus.
True
True/False Questions 10) A tissue consists of groups of similar cells that have a common function.
True
True/False Questions 11) It is important for any organism to maintain its boundaries, so that its internal environment remains distinct from the external environment surrounding it.
True
True/False Questions 12) Without some sort of negative feedback mechanism, it would be impossible to keep our body chemistry in balance.
True
True/False Questions 13) Regardless of the variable being regulated, all homeostatic control mechanisms have at least three interdependent components
True
True/False Questions 14) The epigastric region is located superior to the umbilical region.
True
True/False Questions 2) Imaging is useful in discovering obstructed blood supplies in organs and tissues.
True
True/False Questions 3) The anatomical position means the body is standing at attention with the palms facing forward and the thumbs pointing away from the body
False
True/False Questions 4) The elbow is proximal to the shoulder.
False
True/False Questions 5) The serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called visceral peritoneum.
True
True/False Questions 6) A major function of serous membranes is to decrease friction.
False
True/False Questions 7) The right hypochondriac region contains the majority of the stomach.
True
True/False Questions 8) Lungs carry out an excretory function.
False
True/False Questions 9) Embryology concerns the structural changes that occur in an individual from conception through old age.