A&P chapter 11

A lever consists of

a rigid structure and a fulcrum.

Which of the following is not innervated by the lateral plantar nerve?

abductor hallucis

Identify the muscle labeled "11."

biceps femoris

The temporalis muscle passes through the

zygomatic arch.

The muscle that raises the corners of the mouth as when smiling is the ________ muscle.

zygomaticus major

The muscle that retracts and elevates the upper lip is the ________ muscle.

zygomaticus minor

A(n) ________ is a muscle whose contraction is chiefly responsible for producing a particular movement

prime mover

Identify the muscle labeled "7."

pronator teres

Which of the following describes the action of the serratus anterior?

protracts the shoulder, abducts and medially rotates the scapula

The adductor brevis has its origin on the

pubis

The iliac crest is the origin of the

quadratus lumborum.

The four prominent muscles on the anterior thigh comprise the ________ muscle group.

quadriceps femoris

In a convergent muscle, fascicles converge on a common attachment site that may be a slender band of collagen fibers known as a(n)

raphe

Muscles with fibers that run parallel to the long axis of the body are called

rectus

Identify the muscle labeled "19."

rectus abdominis

Each of the following terms is a descriptive term for a muscle's action except

sartorius

Identify the muscle labeled "25."

sartorius

The long strap-like muscle on the anterior thigh is the ________ muscle.

sartorius

The only knee flexor that originates superior to the acetabulum is the

sartorius

Contracting the gastrocnemius muscles to elevate the body on the toes involves a ________ lever.

second-class

The mentalis muscle inserts on the

skin of the chin.

Which of the following is innervated by the sciatic nerve?

soleus

Tom, a trumpet player, asks you which muscles he should develop in order to be a better trumpeter. What would you tell him?

the buccinator and orbicularis oris

The names of the muscles can indicate all of the following except

the collagen content of the muscle.

Which of the following is the insertion of the pectoralis major?

the greater tubercle of the humerus

The insertion of the flexor hallucis longus is

the inferior surface of the distal phalanx of the great toe.

The ________ extends the neck.

trapezius

The muscle that inserts on the acromion and scapular spine is the

trapezius

The muscle that extends the forearm when doing push-ups is the

triceps

The infraspinatus has its insertion on the

tuberosity of the radius.

Which muscle is named for either shape or size?

All of the above are named for shape or size.

The eye muscles include which of the following muscles?

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following is a spinal flexor?

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following originates on the medial epicondyle of the humerus?

All of the answers are correct.

Which of these muscles is a member of the quadriceps group?

All of the answers are correct.

Which of these muscles produces lateral rotation at the hip?

All of the answers are correct.

________ muscle fibers pull in different directions, permitting different actions depending on stimulation.

Convergent

The whole deltoid muscle ________ the humerus.

abducts

The muscle that adducts the thumb is the

adductor pollicis.

A type of muscle whose action opposes that of another muscle is called a(n)

antagonist

The insertion end of the biceps brachii muscle of the anterior upper arm is

at the distal end of the muscle.

Which of the following does not originate on the humerus?

biceps brachii

Which of the following are members of the hamstring group?

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus

The quadriceps group includes all of the following except the

biceps femoris.

Figure 11-1 Major Anterior Skeletal Muscles Use Figure 11-1 to answer the following questions: Identify the muscle labeled "20."

brachioradialis

Which of the following muscles functions to expel urine or semen in males?

bulbospongiosus

A muscle that inserts on the body of the mandible is probably involved in

chewing

In a ________ muscle, the fascicles are concentrically arranged around an opening.

circular

Muscles that guard entrances and exits of internal passageways are ________ muscles.

circular

The levator ani inserts on the

coccyx

Which of the following is the origin of the bulbospongiosus in the female?

collagen sheath at the base of the clitoris

The muscle(s) that adduct(s) the humerus is/are the

coracobrachialis and latissimus dorsi.

Identify the muscle labeled "2."

deltoid

The powerful abductor muscle of the upper arm is the

deltoid

What is the action of the subclavius?

depresses and protracts the shoulder

The action of the masseter muscle is to ________ the mandible.

elevate

Which of the following describes the action of the digastric muscle?

elevates the larynx and depresses the mandible

The origin of the frontalis muscle is the

epicranial aponeurosis.

The thick, flat sheet of tendon deep to the scalp is called the

epicranial aponeurosis.

Muscles that insert on the olecranon process of the ulna can act to

extend the forearm.

If you bruised your gluteus maximus, you would expect to experience discomfort when

extending and laterally rotating the hip.

The median nerve innervates all of the following except the

extensor carpi ulnaris.

Identify the muscle labeled "17."

extensor digitorum

Which of the following muscles compresses the abdomen?

external oblique, rectus abdominis, and transverse abdominis

Muscles visible at the body surface often called

externus

Muscles that position or stabilize an organ are called

extrinsic

The stylohyoid is innervated by which nerve?

facial

The Sartorius is innervated by which nerve?

femoral

Tom is having difficulty with plantar flexion and eversion of his foot. Which muscle is most likely involved in this problem?

fibularis longus

When the fulcrum is located between the load and the force, it is called a ________ lever.

first-class

A muscle that assists another by preventing movement at another joint is called a(n)

fixator

Jill suffers a severe cut that severs the tendon that attaches the insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris. As a result of this injury, what action is difficult for her to perform?

flex and adduct her hand

Damage to the pectoralis major would interfere with a person's ability to

flexion of the humerus.

Which of the following muscles is innervated by the ulnar nerves?

flexor carpi ulnaris

Identify the muscle labeled "12."

gastrocnemius

Identify the muscle labeled "27."

gastrocnemius

In assessing a stroke patient, you ask her to stick out (protract) her tongue. You note that it deviates to one side. You suspect that damage to the neural control of the ________ muscle has occurred

genioglossus

Which of the following does not control flexion of the hip?

gluteus maximus

The muscle that inserts on the iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of the femur is the

gluteus maximus.

The inferior ramus of the pubis is the origin and the medial tibia is the insertion of the ________ muscle

gracilis

The muscle group on the posterior thigh is called the ________ group.

hamstring

Muscles including the term capitis would be found within or attached to the

head

Which of the following muscles has its origin on the hyoid and inserts on the tongue?

hyoglossus

Identify the structure labeled "9."

iliotibial tract

The band of collagen fibers that laterally braces the knee is the

iliotibial tract.

The ________ muscle allows you to look down.

inferior rectus

Identify the muscle labeled "3."

infraspinatus

The end of a muscle that is attached to the point that moves when the muscle contracts is called the

insertion

The fulcrum of a lever system is the

joint

Ryan hears a loud noise and quickly turns his eyes sideways in the direction of the sound. To accomplish this action he must use his ________ muscles

lateral and medial rectus

Identify the muscle labeled "6."

latissimus dorsi

All of the following are innervated by the facial nerve (N VII) except for the ________ muscle

levator palpebrae superioris

The ________ muscle is the strongest jaw muscle.

masseter

Which of the following is not primarily a muscle of facial expression?

masseter

The sternocleidomastoid inserts on the

mastoid process of the temporal bone.

Medial rotation of the eyeball is performed by the ________ muscle.

medial rectus

Pam's daughter is born cross-eyed. As she grows, the problem does not become any better. Her physician suggests cutting an eye muscle to bring the eyes into a more normal position. Which muscle will he cut?

medial rectus

Muscles located close to the midline of the body may be called

medialis

The temporoparietalis muscle acts to

move the external ear.

Individuals who are engaged in repetitive hand movements such as typing or playing the piano may suffer wrist pain, especially during palmar flexion. All of the following are true concerning this condition except that it

never causes muscle weakness.

Muscles with fibers that run at an angle to the long axis of the body are called

oblique

the adductor longus is innervated by which nerve?

obturator

The inferior rectus is innervated by which nerve?

oculomotor

Which of the following is the insertion of the triceps brachii?

olecranon process of the ulna

Each of the following muscles is involved in the process of chewing or manipulating food in the mouth except the

omohyoid

The "kissing muscle" that purses the lips is the

orbicularis oris.

The end of a muscle that remains stationary when the muscle contracts is called the

origin

Which of these is true about the muscle named levator palpebrae superioris?

originates at the back of the orbit and raises the upper eyelid

The muscle that elevates the tongue is the

palatoglossus

Which of the following is not a type of fascicle arrangement?

palmate

Most of the skeletal muscles in the body are ________ muscles.

parallel

The type of muscle whose functional characteristics most closely resemble those of its muscle fibers is the ________ muscle.

parallel

Which of the following is not a pennate muscle?

pectoralis

All of the following originate on the scapula except the

pectoralis major.

In a ________ muscle, the muscle fibers and fascicles lie in a slanted or oblique position to the tendon.

pennate

The anterior muscle of facial expression that inserts widely on the periosteum of the mandible is the

platysma

Which of the following is not an extrinsic eye muscle?

rectus abdominis

Which of the following muscles has its insertion on the sternum?

rectus abdominis

During abdominal surgery, the surgeon makes a cut lateral to the linea alba. The muscle that would be cut is the

rectus abdominis.

The muscle that originates from the superior surface of the pubis around the symphysis is the

rectus abdominis.

Muscles of the rotator cuff include all of the following except the

rhomboid

The spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae are the origin of the

rhomboid major and the trapezius.

Identify the muscle labeled "15."

sternocleidomastoid

The muscle that elevates the larynx is the ________ muscle.

stylohyoid

Which of the following does not depress the hyoid bone?

stylohyoid

Muscles visible at the body surface are often called

superficialis

Which eye muscle sends its tendon of origin through a pulley or trochlea before inserting on the globe?

superior oblique

The ________ allows you to look up.

superior rectus

Which of the following controls abduction at the shoulder?

supraspinatus

A muscle that assists the muscle that is primarily responsible for a given action is a(n)

synergist

Which of these phrases most aptly describes "muscle insertion"?

tendon attachment that moves

Muscles that laterally rotate the thigh include all of the following except the

tensor fasciae latae.

Which of the following controls adduction at the shoulder?

teres major

The most common lever systems in the body are those that have the applied force between the fulcrum and the load. These are called ________ levers.

third-class

Identify the muscle labeled "11."

tibialis anterior

A muscle that dorsiflexes the foot is the

tibialis anterior.

A muscle whose name ends in the suffix -glossus would be found within or attached to the

tongue

The scalenes have their origin on the

transverse and costal processes of cervical vertebrae.

Muscles with fibers that run perpendicular to the long axis of the body are called

transversus

Figure 11-1 Major Anterior Skeletal Muscles Use Figure 11-1 to answer the following questions: Identify the muscle labeled "1."

trapezius

Figure 11-2 Major Posterior Skeletal Muscles Use Figure 11-2 to answer the following question Identify the muscle labeled "1."

trapezius