A&P Chapter 22 Exam 2

An example of an immunodeficiency disease is __________.

AIDS

The cells responsible for humoral immunity are the ________ cells.

B

An inflammatory response is triggered when

mast cells release histamine and heparin.

The release of endogenous pyrogen (or interleukin-1) by active macrophages would

produce a fever.

All of the following are true of the secondary response of humoral immunity except that it

weakens quickly because memory B cells only survive for a year or two.

The cells that perform immunological surveillance are the ________ cells.

NK

A crime scene investigator found that a biological fluid sample contains a large amount of IgA-type antibody. This fluid is probably

Tears

Various types of macrophages are derived from

monocytes.

A measure of antibody level in the plasma is

the antibody titer.

Which class of immunoglobulins sensitizes cells to allergens?

IgE

During a primary immune response, the

IgM titer is initially higher than the IgG titer.

are clusters of lymphatic nodules deep to the epithelial lining of the small intestine.

Peyer's patches

If the thymus shrank and stopped making thymosins, we would expect to see an immediate decrease in the number of

T cells.

Lymphatic organs differ from lymphatic tissues in what way?

They are surrounded by a fibrous capsule and lymphatic tissues are not.

are large lymphatic nodules that are located in the walls of the pharynx.

Tonsils

The term lymphadenopathy refers to

a chronic or excessive enlargement of lymph nodes.

All of the following are true of the thymus gland except that it

activates B cells.

Which of the following about MHC proteins is false?

bind complement

In order for a lymphocyte to respond to an antigen, the antigen must

bind to specific receptors on the lymphocyte surface.

In passive immunity, the

body receives antibodies produced by other humans or by an animal.

Each of the following is a physical barrier to infection except

complement.

The cells directly responsible for cellular immunity are the ________ cells.

cytotoxic T

Lymphocytes that destroy foreign cells or virus-infected cells are ________ cells.

cytoxic T

T cells and B cells can be activated only by

exposure to a specific antigen at a specific site in a plasma membrane.

Activated macrophages release endogenous pyrogens that cause __________.

fever

Which class of cells is particularly abundant in the red pulp of the spleen?

free and fixed macrophages.

Lymphocytes provide an adaptive or specific defense known as the

immune response.

Suppressor T cells act to

inhibit T and B cell activities.

Which cell type is essential to the immune response?

lymphocytes

Adaptive defenses depend on the activities of

lymphocytes.

The white pulp of the spleen is populated by

lymphocytes.

Fixed macrophages that are found in the central nervous system are called

microglia.

The phagocytic antigen-presenting cells belong to the ________ group.

monocyte-macrophage

Plasma contains ________ special proteins that form the complement system.

more than 30

Immunity that results from antibodies that pass through the placenta from mother to fetus is called ________ immunity.

naturally acquired passive

Lymphocytes

respond to antigens.

Lymphatic tissue is found in the greatest quantity in

the adult spleen.

T is to ________ as B is to ________.

thymus-dependent; bone marrow-derived

An infection and inflammation of the aggregated lymphatic nodules in the pharynx is called

tonsillitis.

The lymphatic system does all of the following except

transports gases to and away from lymph nodes.

Antigens that trigger allergic reactions are called

allergens.

Inappropriate or excessive immune responses to antigens are

allergies

The classic pathway of complement activation begins when the protein C1 binds to

an antibody attached to an antigen.

Which of these is NOT one of the nonspecific defenses?

antibodies

Newborns gain their immunity initially from

antibodies passed across the placenta from the mother.

The body's innate defenses include all of the following except

antibodies.

The primary lymphoid organs

bone marrow and thymus

Microphages include

both neutrophils and eosinophils.

Histamine increases blood flow and vascular permeability. This would account for all of the following changes that occur during inflammation except

chemotaxis of phagocytes.

CD8 markers are to ________ T cells as CD4 markers are to ________ T cells.

cytoxic; helper

The primary function of the lymphatic system is

defending the body against both external and internal threats

Antigen-presenting cells located in the epithelia of the skin are called

dendritic cells.

Autoantibodies are

directed against the body's own antigens.

The term ________ refers to antibodies found in body fluids.

immunoglobulins

Class II MHC proteins are present in the plasma membrane only

in antigen-presenting cells and lymphocytes.

Immunity that is genetically determined and present at birth is called ________ immunity.

innate

Which of the following descriptions is NOT a characteristic of adaptive immunity?

intolerance

All of the following are true of the primary response of humoral immunity except that

it is delayed by the memory cell stage.

Microglia are to the CNS as Kupffer cells are to the

liver

Stem cells that can form all types of lymphocytes are concentrated in the

red bone marrow.

Stem cells that will form B cells or NK cells are found only in the

red bone marrow.

The thoracic duct drains lymph from all of the following regions except the

right breast.

Interleukins do all of the following except

stimulate collagen synthesis.

T Lymphocytes are produced and stored in all of the following except

the brain.

Leslie has a severe sore throat and the lymph nodes in her neck are swollen. This would indicate that

the lymph nodes contain an increased number of lymphocytes.

The lymphatic system is composed of all of the following except

the venae cavae.

Most of the lymph returns to the venous circulation by way of the

thoracic duct.