A&P Lecture Exam 2

अब Quizwiz के साथ अपने होमवर्क और परीक्षाओं को एस करें!

Differences between skeletal and smooth muscle include all of the following except: A) Skeletal muscle is involuntary while smooth muscle is voluntary B) Skeletal muscle is striated while smooth muscle is non-striated C) Skeletal muscle has sarcomeres while smooth muscle doesn't

A.

Which of the following statements about skeletal muscle cell contractions is true? A) in a relaxed state, the thick and thin filaments do not overlap as much as they do during contraction B) Cross bridge formation occurs when myosin heads bind to troponin contained in actin filaments C)Contraction is stimulated by the binding of sodium to calcium C) Troponin is found on actin filaments, while tropomyosin is found on is found on myosin filaments E) The creation of a cross bridge requires actin heads to bind with myosin active sites F) All of the above are true

A.

Bone grows in diameter

Appositional growth

Which of the following processes provides a muscle cell with the most energy A) Sequestering ATP from nearby adipose tissue B) Aerobic cellular respiration C) Creatinine phosphate posphorylation D) Lactic acid fermentation

B.

The canal that runs through the core of an osteon contains:

Blood vessels and nerve fibers

Which of the following is an elastic protein/elastic myofilament? A) Actin B) Troponin C) Myosin D) Titin E) Tropomyosin F) Collagen

D

Which of the following statements describing the medullary cavity of long bones is false? A) In larger bones of adults, the medullary cavity is filled with water to hydrate the body B) The plate-like bones of the skull have multiple medullary cavities C) The medullary cavity is also referred to as the perforating canal D) A-C are all false statements

D

While of the following processes could occur in the skeleton of a 54 year old person? (other three are impossible) A) Endochondral ossification B) intramembranous ossification C) Interstitial growth D) Appositional growth

D

Which of the following statements about pre-natal ossification is false: A) Endochondral ossification is responsible for formation fo most bones of the skeleton during development B) Intramembranous ossification produces flat bones C) In endochondral ossification, bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage "models" D) In both endochondral and intramembranous ossification, existing cartilage must eventually be broken down and replaced by bone E) All are true statements

D.

T or F: Perimysium refers to the connective tissue sheathing that covers the exterior of muslce fibers

False

T or F: Sarcomeres are present in smooth muscle cells, but they do not possess action and myosin

False

T or F: Skeletal muscle tissue does not require nervous system stimulation for contraction to occur

False

T or F: The cell membrane of a muscle fiber is called an endosteum

False

T or F: The matrix of spongy bone is arranged in small tubular structural units called osteons

False

T or F: The periosteum of bone is avascular and non-innervated

False

T or F: The process of peristalsis is primarily controlled by skeletal muscle

False

T or F: The term osteoid refers to the mineralized extracellular matrix of compact bone tissue

False

What kind of tissue is the forerunner of the skull bones in the embryo?

Fibrous connective tissue

What hormone is the most important regulator of bone growth during infancy and childhood

Growth hormone

Where does the terminal axon (nerve ending) of a somatic motor neuron directly release its neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction?

Into the synaptic cleft

The correct sequence of events for skeletal muscle contraction

Neurotransmitters from neurons are received by the muscle fiber at the neuromuscular junction Action potential is propagated along the sarcolemma Action potential travels down the T tubules Change in voltage gated channels causes Ca++ ions to be released from the SR Released calcium initiates cross bridge cycling of myofilaments

The major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in a muscle fiber is

Storage and release of calcium ions

T or F: Collagen is the most common fiber found in bone tissue

True

T or F: Osteoclast activity releases calcium ions from bone matric (hint: think about what osteoclasts do)

True

T or F: Skeletal muscle fibers contain multiple nuclei

True

T or F: The inorganic components of bone matrix responsible for the hardness and resistance to compression seen in bone tissue are mineral salts called hydroxyapetities

True

Tor F: The release of calcium ions within a muscle cell must occur before cross-bridge formation between actin and myosin myofilaments can occur

True

striation in muscle fiber caused by the overlap of thick and thin filaments

a band

slightly moveable joints

amphiarthroses

small channels that radiate through osteons

canaliculi

a joint formed by cartilage

cartilaginous joints

freely moveable joints

diarthroses

a joint formed by dense fibrous connective tissue

fibrous joints

Which bones done intramembranous ossification produce

flat bones

Lengthwise long bone growth during infancy and youth is achieved exclusively through

interstital growth of the epiphyseal plates

Bone grows longitudinally

interstitial growth

layers of bone matrix

lamellae

Which bones does endochondral ossification produce

most of the bones in the body aka long, short, irregular

A skeletal muscle cell

muscle fiber

Rod-like contractile elements that occupy most of a skeletal muscle cell's volume

myofibril

The most common are actin and myosin

myofilament

Cells that produce bone matrix

osteoblasts

cells that can dissolve the bony matrix

osteoclasts

mitotically active stem cells found in bone membranes; give rise to other bone cells

osteogenic cells

Basic structural units of long bone

osteons

The plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell

sarcolemma

The basic contractile unit of a skeletal muscle cell

sarcomere

An elaborate smooth ER found in skeletal muscle cells; surrounds each myofibril

sarcoplasmic reticulum

immovable joints

synarthroses

a joint in which the bones are separated by a fluid filled cavity

synovial joints

basic structural units of spongy bone

trabeculae


संबंधित स्टडी सेट्स

Accounting Chapter 9 - Long-Term Liabilities

View Set

Physics II exam 2, Chapters 30-35

View Set

Macroeconomic study plan questions

View Set

Lecture 3: ASIA Sensory and Motor Examination for Patients with SCI (Cranial Nerves Added in)

View Set

ATI Health Asses 2.0: Respiratory

View Set

Research Methods: Exam 1 Topics 14-24 Dr. Hancock

View Set

CHAPTER 13 NUTRITION FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS.

View Set