A&P Wrist and Hand Unit 2

T

"Carpal Tunnel Syndrome" is swelling and inflammation from increased pressure in carpal tunnel that results in decreased function of the median nerve.

What is the anatomical name for the pinky?

"Mini"mi

Each finger has _____interphalangeal joints, whereas the thumb has _____.

3;2

How many carpel bones are there in each hand?

8

Including the thumb, how many interphalangeal joints are in one anatomically normal hand?

9; the thumb had one and the fingers have 2

Based on the name breakdown, flexor digitorum profundus means

A deep muscle flexor of the fingers

What would the flexor digitorum superficialias be described as based on the name breakdown

A superficial muscle flexor of the fingers

Movements of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

Abduction, hyperadduction, extension, flexion, hyperflexion, opposition

T

All of the wrist flexor muscles generally have their origins located on the anteromedial aspect of the proximal forearm and the medial epicondyle of humerus.

What is an extrinsic muscle when talking about the wrist and forearm muscles?

An extrinsic muscle has its proximal attachment above the wrist and its distal attachment below the wrist.

What causes carpal tunnel syndrome? (intrinsic)

Caused by inflammation of the median nerve and tendon at the wrist.

Which of the following is the primary function of the extensor digiti minimi muscle?

Extension of the little finger at the metacarpophalangeal joint

Which of the following is the primary function of the extensor pollicis longus muscle?

Extension of the thumb

What are flanges?

Fingers/toes

What does the flexor carpi radialis do based on the breakdown of the name?

Flexes your wrist and connects to your radialis

The hands carpel bones are what kind of joint?

Gliding

Which of the following is the origin of the palmaris longus muscle?

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

T

Motions of the finger metacarpophalangeal joints include flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

T

Motions of the wrist joint include flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

T

Normally, the wrist has more adduction range of motion than abduction range of motion.

What is the side effect of Carpal Tunnel?

Numbness tingling and pain in the fingers.

What does digitorum mean?

Of the phalanges

T

Opposition is movement of the thumb across palmar aspect to oppose any or all of the phalanges.

What is the "wrist band" called

PCL Palmar Carpal ligament

What anterior muscle is not in the palmar carpal ligament (the wrist band)?

Palmar longus

Where does the metacarpal bones start and end? (longest bones in the hand)

Start at the wrist area and end at the knuckles.

Which of the following muscles may not be palpated on the dorsal aspect of the hand?

The abductor pollicis longus muscle

Which of the following muscles performs abduction of the thumb?

The abductor pollicis longus muscle

Which of the following muscles performs actions in the frontal plane?

The abductor pollicis longus muscle

Where is the insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle?

The base of the distal phalanges of the four fingers

Which of the following muscles performs abduction of the wrist?

The extensor carpi radialis longus muscle

Which of these muscles may be palpated just proximal to the dorsal aspect of the wrist and approximately 1 cm medial to the radial styloid?

The extensor carpi radialis longus muscle

T

The extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi ulnaris are the prime movers in ulnar deviation.

T

The extensor digiti minimi is innervated by the radial nerve (C6, 7, 8).

Which of the following muscles inserts on the four tendons to bases of middle and distal phalanges of the four fingers on the dorsal surface?

The extensor digitorum muscle

Which of the following muscles performs extension of the index finger at the metacarpophalangeal joint?

The extensor indicis (index finger) muscle

Which of the following is the pointing muscle that originates between middle and distal one-third of the posterior ulna?

The extensor indicis muscle

Which of the following muscles performs adduction of the wrist?

The flexor carpi ulnaris muscle

T

The flexor pollicis longus is located lateral with respect to flexor digitorum profundus.

Which of the following muscles performs flexion of the thumb?

The flexor pollicis longus muscle

What are DIP joints (distal interphalangeal joints)

The joint at the end of the finger

carpometacarpal joint

The joint between the wrist and the metacarpal bones

What is affected in a sprain?

The ligament

T

The muscles that are considered to be the agonists of phalangeal flexion include flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, and flexor pollicis longus.

T

The only muscle involved in extending all of the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the four fingers is the extensor digitorum.

What does radiocarpal mean

The radius of the wrist

What is affected in a strain?

The tendon and muscle

T

The ulnar nerve branching from C8 and T1 provides sensation to the ulnar side of hand, the ulnar one-half of ring finger, and the entire little finger.

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition in which there is an increased pressure in the carpal tunnel, which interferes with the normal function of the median nerve.

True

In the context of wrist and hand movements, ulnar flexion refers to the movement of the little finger side of the hand toward the medial aspect or ulnar side of the forearm.

True

The extensor digitorum muscle, also known as the extensor digitorum communis, is the only muscle involved in extension of all four fingers.

True

The extensors of the wrist include, from lateral to medial, the extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, and extensor carpi radialis.

True

The fingers can only flex and extend, except at the metacarpophalangeal joints, where abduction and adduction are controlled by the intrinsic hand muscles.

True

The flexor pollicis longus muscle inserts on the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb on the palmar surface.

True

The three wrist flexors, from medial to lateral, are the flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus, and flexor carpi radialis.

True

The wrist flexor muscles have their origin on the medial epicondyle of the humerus.

True

Wrist joint actions include flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

True

In the context of wrist and hand movements, dorsiflexion refers to the movement of the back of the hand and/or the phalanges toward the posterior or dorsal aspect of the forearm.

True; the word dorsiflexion means the back flexion.

T

Ulnar flexion is movement of little finger side of hand toward medial aspect or ulnar side of the forearm

base of 3rd metacarpal

What is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

Base of 2nd metacarpal

What is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus?

Base of distal phalanges of the four fingers

What is the insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus?

Flexor carpi ulnaris

What muscles performs adduction of the wrist?

Base of 5th metacarpal

Which of the following is the insertion of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

Which of the following is the origin of the flexor carpi radialis?

Proximal 3/4ths of the anterior and medial ulna

Which of the following is the origin of the flexor digitorum profundus?

Middle anterior surface of the radius

Which of the following is the origin of the flexor pollicis longus?

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

Which of the following is the origin of the palmaris longus?

?????????

Which of the following muscles does not perform wrist extension? A. Extensor indicis B. Extensor pollicis longus C. Extensor digitorum D. Abductor pollicis longus

C. Extensor digitorum

Which of the following muscles has its insertion on the four tendons to the bases of middle and distal phalanxes of the four fingers on the dorsal surface of the hand? A. Extensor indicis B. Extensor pollicis longus C. Extensor digitorum D. Abductor pollicis longus

D. Abductor pollicis longus

Which of the following muscles may not be palpated on the dorsal aspect of the hand? A. Extensor indicis B. Extensor pollicis longus C. Extensor digitorum D. Abductor pollicis longus

D. Abductor pollicis longus

Which of the following muscles performs abduction of the thumb? A. Extensor indicis B. Extensor pollicis longus C. Extensor digitorum D. Abductor pollicis longus

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Which of the following muscles performs abduction of the wrist?

?????????

Which of the following muscles performs an action in the frontal plane? A. Extensor indicis B. Extensor pollicis longus C. Extensor digitorum D. Abductor pollicis longus

A. Extensor indicis

Which of the following muscles performs extension of the index finger? A. Extensor indicis B. Extensor pollicis longus C. Extensor digiti minimi D. Abductor pollicis longus

Palmaris longus

Which of the following muscles performs flexion of the thumb?

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Which of these muscles may be palpated just proximal to the dorsal aspect of the wrist?

Holding your elbow supinated at a 90 degree angle, which direction does your fingers go when you hyperextend your wrist?

Your fingers go down

Holding your elbow supinated at a 90 degree angle, which way do your fingers go when you flex your wrist?

Your fingers go up

The flexor digitorum superficialis and the flexor digitorum profundus are

are finger flexors

intrinsic

belonging to a thing

radiocarpal joint type

condyloid: two planes of motion and 4 ligaments

profundus means

deep muscle

What is a intrinsic muscle when talking about the wrist and forearm muscles?

entirely contained within a region, such as the hand

extrinsic

irrelevant; on the outside

Extensor digitorum origin

lateral epicondyle of humerus

Articulation between two rows of carpal bones

midcarpal joint

A movement unique to the thumb that allows for grasping is known as

opposition

What is the anatomical name for the thumb?

pollex

What is a avulsion fracture?

portion of bone torn away by muscular or ligamentous pulling

A muscle found just proximal to the wrist that is involved in the action that turns down the forearm and the palm of the hand is the

pronator quadratus

What are MCP joints (metacarpophalangeal)

the knuckle joints

Where are PIP joints (proximal interphalangeal joints)

the middle joint of the fingers

Where are the carpometacarpal joints?

the most proximal joint of the hand by the wrist

Which side of the forearm is the ulna on

the pinky side, or the minimi side

Which side of the forearm is the radius on

the thumb side or polis side

he flexor pollicis longus is a

thumb flexor

The fingers can only flex and extend, except at the metacarpophalangeal joints, where abduction and adduction are controlled by the intrinsic hand muscles.

true

What does carpi mean?

wrist