A&P2 Book Questions

13. How many hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary? a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 6

a. 0

22. What secretory cell type is found in the adrenal medulla? a. chromaffin cells b. neuroglial cells c. follicle cells d. oxyphil cells

a. chromaffin cells

9. A small molecule binds to a G protein, preventing its activation. What direct effect will this have on signaling that involves cAMP? a. The hormone will not be able to bind to the hormone receptor. b. Adenylyl cyclase will not be activated. c. Excessive quantities of cAMP will be produced. d. The phosphorylation cascade will be initiated.

b. Adenylyl cyclase will not be activated.

16. The secretion of thyroid hormones is controlled by ________. a. TSH from the hypothalamus b. TSH from the anterior pituitary c. thyroxine from the anterior pituitary d. thyroglobulin from the thyroid's parafollicular cells

b. TSH from the anterior pituitary

14. Which of the following hormones contributes to the regulation of the body's fluid and electrolyte balance? a. adrenocorticotropic hormone b. antidiuretic hormone c. luteinizing hormone d. all of the above

b. antidiuretic hormone

20. Which of the following can result from hyperparathyroidism? a. increased bone deposition b. fractures c. convulsions d. all of the above

b. fractures

11. The hypothalamus is functionally and anatomically connected to the posterior pituitary lobe by a bridge of ________. hypothalamus is functionally and anatomically a. blood vessels b. nerve axons c. cartilage d. bone

b. nerve axons

7. Chemical signaling that affects neighboring cells is called ________. a. autocrine b. paracrine c. endocrine d. neuron

b. paracrine

8. A newly developed pesticide has been observed to bind to an intracellular hormone receptor. If ingested, residue from this pesticide could disrupt levels of ________. a. melatonin b. thyroid hormone c. growth hormone d. insulin

b. thyroid hormone

12. Which of the following is an anterior pituitary hormone? a. ADH b. oxytocin c. TSH d. cortisol

c. TSH

18. Iodide ions cross from the bloodstream into follicle cells via ________. a. simple diffusion b. facilitated diffusion c. active transport d. osmosis

c. active transport

21. The adrenal glands are attached superiorly to which organ? a. thyroid b. liver c. kidneys d. hypothalamus

c. kidneys

10. A student is in a car accident, and although not hurt, immediately experiences pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and rapid breathing. What type of endocrine system stimulus did the student receive? a. humoral b. hormonal c. neural d. positive feedback

c. neural

6. Endocrine glands ________. a. secrete hormones that travel through a duct to the target organs b. release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft c. secrete chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream d. include sebaceous glands and sweat glands

c. secrete chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream

17. The development of a goiter indicates that ________. a. the anterior pituitary is abnormally enlarged b. there is hypertrophy of the thyroid's follicle cells c. there is an excessive accumulation of colloid in the thyroid follicles d. the anterior pituitary is secreting excessive growth hormone

c. there is an excessive accumulation of colloid in the thyroid follicles

15. Which of the following statements about the thyroid gland is true? a. It is located anterior to the trachea and inferior to the larynx. b. The parathyroid glands are embedded within it. c. It manufactures three hormones. d. all of the above

d. all of the above

19. When blood calcium levels are low, PTH stimulates ________. a. urinary excretion of calcium by the kidneys b. a reduction in calcium absorption from the intestines c. the activity of osteoblasts d. the activity of osteoclasts

d. the activity of osteoclasts