AB - Penny Ch. 8

16. Bronzing of the skin is a clinical finding associated with: a. Addison disease. b. Cushing disease. c. Cushing syndrome. d. Conn syndrome.

a. Addison disease.

1. An abdominal sonogram is requested for a newborn in the intensive care unit. The newborn suffered from brief anoxia at birth and is now experiencing jaundice. Superior to the right kidney, a triangle-shaped, heterogeneous mass is visualized. What is the most likely diagnosis? a. Adrenal hemorrhage b. Adrenal adenoma c. Pheochromocytoma d. Cushing syndrome

a. Adrenal hemorrhage

14. What is the cause of Cushing disease? a. Anterior pituitary gland tumor b. Adrenal hemorrhage c. Neuroblastoma d. Hyperaldosteronism

a. Anterior pituitary gland tumor

48. Which of the following is associated with excessive urination and hyperkalemia? a. Conn syndrome b. Cushing disease c. Cushing syndrome d. Addison disease

a. Conn syndrome

44. Which of the following is a glucocorticoid? a. Cortisol b. Aldosterone c. Epinephrine d. Norepinephrine

a. Cortisol

52. Hyperkalemia is defined as: a. high levels of potassium in the blood. b. high levels of sodium in the blood. c. high levels of nitrogen in the blood. d. high levels of aldosterone in the blood.

a. high levels of potassium in the blood.

29. The most common sonographic appearance of a pheochromocytoma is a(n): a. hyperechoic mass. b. hypoechoic mass. c. anechoic mass. d. complex mass.

a. hyperechoic mass.

4. Which of the following mass-like lesions may be associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and found within the testes? a. Adrenal adenomas b. Adrenal rests c. Pheochromocytomas d. Neuroblastomas

b. Adrenal rests

41. Which of the following is associated with a deficiency of cortisol production by the adrenal gland? a. Conn syndrome b. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia c. Adrenocorticotropic deficiency syndrome d. Glucocortical deficiency syndrome

b. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

31. Which of the following is associated with hypernatremia? a. Cushing syndrome b. Conn syndrome c. Pheochromocytoma d. Addison disease

b. Conn syndrome

5. The syndrome associated with hypertension, hyperglycemia, obesity, and an adrenal mass is: a. Edwards syndrome. b. Cushing syndrome. c. Juliet syndrome. d. Hirschsprung syndrome.

b. Cushing syndrome.

34. Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood pressure by controlling the amounts of sodium and water in the body? a. Epinephrine b. Cortisol c. Aldosterone d. ACTH

c. Aldosterone

51. What adrenal disorder is associated with striae of the abdomen? a. Conn syndrome b. Addison disease c. Cushing syndrome d. Adrenocortical syndrome

c. Cushing syndrome

21. What is the term for low levels of sodium in the blood? a. Hypokalemia b. Hypopigmentation c. Hyponatremia d. Hypodisuria

c. Hyponatremia

42. Which of the following would be least likely associated with an overproduction of the hormones released by the adrenal cortex? a. Cushing syndrome b. Adrenal adenoma c. Pheochromocytoma d. Conn syndrome

c. Pheochromocytoma

9. Conn syndrome results from: a. low levels of cortisol. b. high levels of cortisol. c. high levels of aldosterone. d. low levels of epinephrine.

c. high levels of aldosterone.

33. The neuroblastoma typically presents before the age of: a. 1 year. b. 2 years. c. 4 years. d. 5 years.

d. 5 years.

35. Which hormone, secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, controls the release of hormones by the adrenal glands? a. Epinephrine b. Cortisol c. Aldosterone d. ACTH

d. ACTH

23. Which of the following is associated with hyponatremia? a. Cushing syndrome b. Conn syndrome c. Pheochromocytoma d. Addison disease

d. Addison disease

60. What is the most likely sonographic appearance of a chronic adrenal hematoma? a. Solid, hypoechoic mass that produces acoustic enhancement b. Anechoic, triangular mass that produces shadowing c. Atrophic adrenal gland surrounded by an anechoic fluid collection d. Calcified mass that produces acoustic shadowing

d. Calcified mass that produces acoustic shadowing

56. What are the tendinous structures that extend from the diaphragm to the vertebral column? a. Stria of the diaphragm b. Tendonae diaphramae c. Ligamentum diaphragmatum d. Crura of the diaphragm

d. Crura of the diaphragm

53. A 27-year-old patient presents to the sonography department with the sudden onset of hypotension, muscle weakness, and elevated liver enzymes. Evidence of hyperpigmentation is also noted. What sonographic finding would be most likely associated with this apparent clinical condition? a. Multiple masses within the adrenal glands b. Atrophy of the adrenal glands c. Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage d. Enlargement of the adrenal glands

d. Enlargement of the adrenal glands

11. Which of the following would result in a buffalo hump and moon-shaped face? a. Conn syndrome b. Addison disease c. Androgenism d. Hypercortisolism

d. Hypercortisolism

43. What is the term that may be used for an adrenal mass noted during an abdominal sonogram for unrelated clinical findings? a. Adrenaloma b. Fauxoma c. Corticoma d. Incidentaloma

d. Incidentaloma

39. The adrenal glands receive a portion of their blood supply from all of the following except the: a. suprarenal branches of the inferior phrenic arteries. b. suprarenal branches of the aorta. c. suprarenal branches of the renal arteries. d. suprarenal branches of the celiac trunk.

d. suprarenal branches of the celiac trunk.

2. All of the following are associated with Conn syndrome except: a. adrenal adenoma. b. hypertension. c. excessive thirst. d. thinning arms and legs.

d. thinning arms and legs.