Abnormal Psych Chapter 11
Which of the following is a form of cognitive behavior therapy that has some proven success in treating eating disorders? a.) guided self-help CBT b.) documentation CBT c.) family-oriented CBT d.) none of the above
a
Although the hypothalamus has been considered a part of the biological etiology of anorexia, a limitation of this view is that it does not take into account: a.) hunger and the obsession with food b.) body image disturbance c.) fear of becoming fat d.) all of the above
D
Eating disorders are more common in women who are: a.) white b.) urban c.) single d.) less educated
a
Adelaide, who has bulimia, is being treated solely with fluoxetine (Prozac). If she stops taking the drug, she will most likely: a.) relapse b.) develop anorexia nervosa c.) become obese d.) maintain normal eating patterns over the long term
a
Binge eating disorder is characterized by bingeing: a.) without compensatory behaviors b.) between periods of starvation c.) and purging afterwards d.) with eight under 85% of normal
a
Cognitive behavioral treatment of bulimia nervosa is effective: a.) half the time b.) if combined with drug treatment c.) but with high relapse rates d.) if family and friends are supportive
a
Eating disorders carry a stigma. In a recent research study, participants read vignettes about a woman with an eating disorder or a woman with depression. Compared to the woman with depression, the woman with an eating disorder was viewed as: a.) more responsible for her condition b.) less fragile c.) less likely to be trying to get attention with her disorder d.) none of the above
a
In 2010, a study of over 500,000 women found that _________ was more important in predicting high birth weights than genetic factors. a.) mothers' weight gain during pregnancy b.) mothers' level of exercise during pregnancy c.) fathers' weight d.) none of the above
a
In 2012, over __________ of men and women in the US were obese. a.) a third b.) a quarter c.) two thirds d.) 10%
a
In treating bulimia nervosa, the overall goal is to teach the individual to: a.) develop normal eating patterns b.) monitor caloric intake c.) has other social outlets d.) accept their natural shape
a
Lydia is a white, upper-class woman with anorexia. Which of the following is most likely to also be true of Lydia: a.) she has dieted before b.) she reads many women's magazines c.) she also has bulimia d.) she also has bipolar disorder
a
Most people with anorexia nervosa: a.) do not lose their appetite or interest in food b.) lose their appetite c.) lose their interest in food d.) lose both their appetite and interest in food
a
People with anorexia nervosa: a.) fear gaining weight so much they stop eating b.) have lost their appetite, leading them to stop eating c.) stop eating, but do not lose weight d.) stop eating because of an abnormal increase in blood sugar, which alters their perceptions of hunger
a
Polivy and others conducted a series of studies in which participants tasted ice cream. These studies looked at the participants' tendency to: a.) binge b.) feel guilty c.) purge d.) refuse food
a
Prior to the onset of bulimia, sufferers often: a.) are overweight and dieting b.) have higher than normal levels of serotonin c.) have attempted suicide d.) have anorexia nervosa
a
Recent research has begun to focus on the role of _______ in eating behavior. a.) dopamine b.) estrogen c.) epinephrine d.) norepinephrine
a
Recent studies on cognitive-behavioral factors involved in bulimia nervosa have shown that bingeing and purging may function as means of a.) relieving stress and negative affect b.) feeling in control of the situation c.) increasing energy and thus mood d.) distracting oneself from inner pain
a
Regina visits her family physician. Her weight is 90 pounds, although she believes she is overweight. She 'snacks' on laxatives, and restricts her eating to one small meal a day, after which she exercises for two hours. Her physical exam is likely to reveal that she has: a.) lowered heart rate and blood pressure b.) calcium deposits c.) fibroid tumors d.) improved muscle tone
a
Research regarding the role of the hypothalamus in anorexia nervosa indicates that: a.) dysfunction in the hypothalamus does not seem to be an important factor in anorexia. b.) the hypothalamus is damaged in most individuals with anorexia. c.) the hypothalamus appears to be overactive in people with anorexia, leading to binge eating. d.) hypothalamus dysfunction is the most likely explanation for the fact that people with anorexia do not experience hunger.
a
Starting with the DSM-IV, eating disorders were listed as: a.) a separate diagnostic category b.) disorders beginning in childhood and adolescence c.) somatization disorders d.) psychological factors affecting medical condition
a
The first step in treating severe cases of anorexia nervosa is: a.) hospitalization to promote and monitor eating b.) medication to reduce anxiety about eating c.) assessment to identify causes and plan individualized treatment d.) education on the importance of a well-balanced diet
a
The physical consequence associated with binge eating disorder includes all of the following EXCEPT: a.) kidney failure b.) joint/ muscle problems c.) breathing problems d.) cardiovascular problems
a
The three features that are required for the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa include all of the following EXCEPT: a.) body weight is normal b.) intense fear of gaining weight and being fat c.) distorted body image d.)restriction of behaviors that lead to very low body weight
a
When pointing out their ideal male body type, men with eating disorders chose body types that were: a.) the same size as what the average male chose b.) larger than what the average male chose c.) they could not report what the difference was d.) smaller than what the average male chose
a
__________ refers to a loss of appetite, while __________ indicates that it is due to emotional reasons. a.) anorexia, nervosa b.) anorexia, bulimia c.) bulimia, anorexia d.) nervosa, anorexia
a
A group of college students reads a case study about a woman who is 5'6", weighs 105 pounds, and is experiencing amenorrhea. Recent research suggests that these students are more likely to believe her symptoms are a result of an eating disorder: a.) if her race is presented as Hispanic. b.) if her race is presented as Caucasian. c.) if her socioeconomic status is presented as middle class. d.) if her race is presented as Native American.
b
After looking through a fashion magazine, Daisy feels fat and is ashamed of her body. She doubts that she will ever be as thin as the models she sees in the magazine. Which theory explains Daisy's reactions to the magazine? a.) self-deprecating theory b.) objectification theory c.) expectancy theory d.) biosocial theory
b
Anorexia nervosa occurs: a.) equally in men and women b.) 10 times more frequently in women than it does in men c.) 20 times more frequently in women than it does in men d.) 30 times more frequently in women than it does in men
b
Anorexia nervosa typically begins in: a.) late adulthood b.) adolescence c.) early childhood d.) early adulthood
b
As compared to anorexia nervosa, the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa is associated with: a.) higher mortality rates b.) lower mortality rates c.) equal mortality rates d.) none of the above; data on mortality caused by eating disorders does not exist
b
Bingeing in a person with anorexia nervosa is most likely to happen: a.) after family conflict b.) after a lapse in a strict diet c.) after struggling with the disorder for atleast one year d.) none of the above; bingeing appears to happen randomly in anorexia
b
Cathy stopped eating meals over two months ago. Now she eats very little, and only when under some family pressure. She has lost over 22 pounds, and is now about 15% below normal body weight for her height. She probably has: a.) anorexia, binge-eating-purging type b.) anorexia, restricting type c.) binge eating disorder d.) bulimia nervosa
b
Drug treatment of bulimia nervosa is most significantly limited by: a.) the lack of demonstrated effectiveness of the drugs b.) dropping out of treatment c.) addiction d.) the resulting obesity
b
During binge episodes, many bulimics: a.) feel a great sense of control b.) experience a feeling of being out of control c.) feel very satisfied d.) none of the above
b
If your sister has anorexia nervosa and you are female: a.) you are over twenty times more likely to have anorexia nervosa. b.) you are over ten times more likely to have anorexia nervosa. c.) you are over two times more likely to have anorexia nervosa. d.) there is no greater risk to you for developing anorexia nervosa.
b
In anorexia nervosa, ______________ is the most central feature. a.) purging leading to very low body weight b.) restriction of food that leads to very low body weight c.) emergence of lanugo d.) refusal to eat
b
In the cognitive- behavioral view, the non-eating of anorexics is reinforced by: a.) attention of overly concerned family members b.) reducing anxiety about being fat c.) increased time and energy for studies d.) reducing sexual demands from males
b
Individuals with binge eating disorder are: a.) more likely to be men than women b.) often obese c.) relatively confident with their body image d.) more likely to be african american than caucasian
b
Margaret, a Canadian, and Rosemary, a Nigerian, are asked to rate the attractiveness of a drawing of an obese woman. Which of the following is most likely to occur? a.) They will similarly rate the woman as highly attractive. b.) Rosemary will rate the woman as more attractive than Margaret's rating of the woman. c.) They will similarly rate the woman as highly unattractive. d.) Margaret will rate the woman as more attractive than Rosemary's rating of the woman.
b
Studies show that those with eating disorders __________ more than the average person does. a.) stay at home b.) focus on food-related words c.) go to restaurants d.) ruminate over their problems
b
The DSM-5 categorizes bulimia nervosa as: a.) an organic mental disorder b.) an eating disorder separate from anorexia nervosa c.) a subtype of anorexia nervosa d.) a subtype of binge eating disorder
b
The DSM-5 categorizes eating disorders in the _______ chapter a.) obsessive compulsive and trauma related disorders b.) feeding and eating disorders c.) anxiety disorders d.) substance abuse disorders
b
The feature common to both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa is: a.) refusal to maintain normal body weight b.) fear of gaining weight c.) purging to prevent weight gain d.) none of the above
b
The neurotransmitter most closely associated with eating disorders is: a.) norepinephrine b.) serotonin c.) epinephrine d.) opioids
b
The new DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa include each of the following except: a.) distorted body image b.) amenorrhea c.) restriction of food leading to very low body weight d.) fear of weight gain
b
The normal BMI for a woman is: a.) 15-20 b.) 20-25 c.) 25-30 d.) none of the above
b
Twin studies of eating disorders have shown a.) environmental factors to be of greater influence than genetic factors. b.) higher concordance amongst monozygotic (MZ) twins compared to dizygotic (DZ) twins. c.) that genes do not affect personality characteristics associated with eating disorders. d.) all of the above.
b
When those with bulimia nervosa are bingeing they: a.) are fully aware of what they are doing and feel shame afterwards b.) are not always fully aware of what they are doing and feel shame afterwards c.) do not care what they are doing and whether their actions are positive or negative d.) none of the above
b
Which of the following is NOT listed as a type of preventive intervention for eating disorders? a.) de-emphasizing sociocultural influences b.) banning junk foods from elementary schools c.) risk factor approach d.) psychoeducational approaches
b
A weakness of many of the family studies of eating disorders is that: a.) limited generalizability, given the laboratory nature of the research. b.) an overreliance upon a single theoretical paradigm. c.) most rely upon self-report and not direct observation. d.) an inadequate level of attention paid to third variable causes.
c
Betsy is excessively concerned that she is becoming fat and restricts her eating to avoid such a consequence. She weighs approximately 20% less than normal body weight given her height. At times, she will sit down with her family and eat a full meal, but immediately afterwards takes several laxatives. Betsy most likely has: a.) anorexia, restricting type b.) bulimia nervosa c.) anorexia, binge-eating-purging type d.) binge eating disorder
c
Bulimia comes from a Greek word meaning: a.) excessiveness b.) expulsion c.) ox-hunger d.) compensatory
c
Efforts to treat bulimia nervosa using antidepressant drugs have been complicated by a.) low federal funding for such studies b.)frequent side effects c.) treatment refusal d.) all of the above
c
Efforts to treat bulimia nervosa using antidepressants drugs have been complicated by: a.) low federal funding for such studies b.) frequent side effects c.) treatment refusal d.) all of the above
c
Family based therapy focuses on all of the following EXCEPT: a.) helping parents restore their daughter to a healthy weight b.) building up family functioning in the context of adolescent development c.) individual treatment for family members d.) helping parents understand normal adolescent development
c
Genetic influences on eating disorders are a.) a minor factor b.) not important for anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa c.) a substantial factor d.) not important for obesity
c
In the opening case study, Lynne, the 24-year-old who weighted only 78 pounds, was admitted to the psychiatric ward of general hospital for the treatment of: a.) bulimia nervosa. b.) depression. c.) anorexia nervosa. d.) anxiety.
c
Research has found that in those with anorexia nervosa, endogenous opiods: a.) are released by purging, leading to euphoria b.) are decreased by bingeing, leading to euphoria c.) are at high levels, leading to euphoria d.) are at low levels, leading to euphoria
c
Studies of perfectionism in anorexia nervosa indicate that which of the following statements would be most typical of an anorexic? a.) "I can't stand it when my boyfriend lets me down by not buying me flowers on special occasions." b.) "I can't possibly be expected to meet the unrealistically high standards that my parents have set for me." c.) "I've got to show my teacher that I can meet his goal for me of winning the debate championship." d.) "I must complete all my work before I can enjoy a night out."
c
The difference in the incidence of eating disorders between caucasian and african americans has been largely attributed to: a.) family environment factors b.) errors in diagnosis c.) socioeconomic status rather than race, but this is less true today d.) genetic factors
c
The textbook authors assert that psychologists need to consider what when evaluating the personalities of people with anorexia and bulimia? a.) How friendly they are b.) Psychosocial stressors are more important to assess than personality c.) Severe restriction of food intake can have powerful effects on personality and behavior d.) Personality shouldn't be important when trying to understand an eating disorder
c
What is the most likely prognosis for a woman with anorexia nervosa? a.) she will recover within a year with no relapses b.) she will never recover c.) she will eventually recover, but will likely relapse and continue to struggle with the disorder for years d.) she will regain normal weight as she enters puberty
c
Which of the following is defined, in part, by the absence of purging? a.) anorexia nervosa b.) bulimia nervosa c.) binge eating disorder d.) purging occurs in all of the conditions
c
Which of the following statements is true regarding gender differences in eating disorders? a.) Adequate prevalence data on eating disorders has not been collected for men, because men are reluctant to disclose disordered eating patterns. b.) Men are more likely to have bulimia, while women are more likely to have anorexia. c.) Women are more likely to have both bulimia and anorexia than men. d.) Women are more likely to have bulimia, while men are more likely to have anorexia.
c
A biological consequence of anorexia nervosa is: a.) dry skin b.) kidney and gastrointestinal problems c.) lanugo d.) all of the above
d
A recent area of research in eating disorder has been? a.) associated fears such as phobias or other anxiety disorders b.) concerns with self-focused attention c.) actual eating habits d.) child abuse and the link to eating disorders
d
A recent review of many studies concludes that __________, no matter how it is measured, is higher among girls with anorexia than girls without anorexia, and that it remains high even after successful treatment for anorexia. a.) constraint b.) neuroticism c.) introversion d.) perfectionism
d
Anorexia nervorsa implies that those with the disorder become uninterested in food, while the reality is that: a.) they are repulsed by food b.) they truly are not interested in food c.) they like to watch other people eat food d.) they are preoccupied with food
d
Bulimia nervosa typically begins in: a.) childhood b.) early or middle adolescence c.) late adulthood d.) late adolescence or early adulthood
d
Combined hospital treatment and cognitive behavior therapy of anorexia nervosa has been effective in: a.) building skills to resist social pressures b.) producing short term weight gain only c.) encouraging compliance with medication treatment d.) maintaining improvements in symptoms for up to one year
d
Eating disorders are usually caused by: a.) sociocultural pressures b.) genetic disposition c.) neurochemical imbalance d.) a combination of factors
d
Evelyn is Hispanic and reports a higher level of acculturative stress than Katherine, who is African American. Which of these women is more likely to have greater body dissatisfaction? a.) they are both equally likely to have body dissatisfaction due to their culture b.) katherine c.) there is not enough information to answer this question d.) evelyn
d
Feeding and eating disorders also include which of the following disorders? a.) Pica b.) rumination disorders c.) anxiety disorders d.) both a and b
d
In bulimia nervosa, binge eating typically occurs: a.) while alone b.) after stress c.) after a negative social interaction d.) all of the above
d
In the DSM-IV-TR, ____________ was viewed as a condition requiring further study, but in the DSM-5 it has its own diagnostic category. a.) obsessive eating disorder b.) pica c.) rumination disorder d.) binge eating disorder
d
Many cultures, including the US, are preoccupied with food. Evidence of this fact includes all of the following EXCEPT: a.) food magazines b.) number of restaurants available c.) cooking shows on television d.) number of diet books on the market
d
Paula scored higher on a measure of dietary restraint than did Roberta. Based on this information, recent research suggests that: a.) Roberta will probably exhibit greater dopamine activity in her brain when presented with food. b.) Roberta would be more likely to have bulimia nervosa. c.) Paula would be more likely to have anorexia nervosa. d.) Paula will probably exhibit greater dopamine activity in her brain when presented with food.
d
People with anorexia nervosa are also frequently diagnosed with: a.) depression b.) anxiety c.) substance abuse d.) all of the above
d
Regarding family influences on eating disorders, most anorexics and bulimics report: a.) high levels of familial support and low levels of familial conflict b.) high levels of familial support c.) low levels of familial support d.) high levels of familial conflict
d
Review of the anorexia nervosa subtype literature for the preparation of the DSM-5 concluded that they had: a.) low reliability b.) high predictive validity c.) high reliability d.) low predictive validity
d
Studies have shown drug treatment to be: a.) ineffective for both bulimia and anorexia b.) effective for both bulimia and anorexia c.) effective for anorexia only d.) effective for bulimia only
d
Successful treatment of bulimia nervosa often results in: a.) improved family and social relations b.) modest weight gain c.) academic gains d.) reduced psychological problems
d
The DSM-5 diagnosis of bulimia nervosa requires that the episodes of bingeing occur: a.) atleast once a week for 6 months b.) atleast once a week for 6 months c.) atleast once a month for 3 months d.) atleast once a week for 3 months
d
The cognitive-behavioral view of bulimia suggests that binges result from: a.) ambivalence over social pressure to be thin b.) excessive desire for peer approval c.) not accepting responsibility for actions d.) breaking self-rules about dieting
d
The loss of menstrual period is known as: a.) premenstrual syndrome b.) dysmenorrhea c.) fibrosis d.) amenorrhea
d
The physical consequences of bulimia nervosa include all of the following EXCEPT: a.) menstrual problems b.) irregular heartbeat c.) loss of dental enamel d.) colon cancer
d
Which of the following brain mechanisms have been implicated in anorexia? a.) With puberty, the dramatic increase in female hormones damages centers that control eating in the thalamus and pituitary. b.) Excessive exercise depletes the brain of neurotransmitters utilized by areas that regulate hunger or satiation. c.) Stress-released hormones reduce the sensitivity of receptors that detect blood-sugar levels and release hormones that induce hunger. d.) Starvation releases natural pain-reducing opioids producing a high, which reinforces not eating.
d
Which of the following has been shown to lead to reliable long-term maintenance of weight gain in treating anorexia? a.) cognitive behavioral therapy b.) family therapy c.) psychodynamic therapy d.) none of the above has been shown to reliably lead to long term maintenance of weight gain
d
Which of the following is most prevalent? a.) anorexia nervosa, restricting type b.) anorexia nervosa, binge-eating/purging type c.) bulimia nervosa d.) binge eating disorder
d
Which of the following statements is TRUE about the combined use of CBT and medications for bulimia? a.) Medication alone is more effective than CBT. b.) Over 75% of bulimic patients recover after receiving CBT. c.) Interpersonal therapy works more quickly and more effectively than CBT. d.) Adding drug treatment to CBT sometimes enhances the effectiveness of CBT for alleviating the co-occurring depression.
d
The principal form of psychological treatment for anorexia nervosa is a.) social skills training b.) reinforcing appropriate eating behaviors c.) providing a safe inpatient environment d.) family therapy
s
