Academic Team Practice Questions
Question: The speaker of this oration recalled visiting three paper mill workers who "don't read Adam Smith or Edmund Burke" in "a tiny town in Southern Georgia called Fitzgerald" who were under threat of losing their jobs in an anecdote in this speech. Molly Ivins sarcastically wrote that this speech "probably would have sounded better in the original German." This speech called a rival event (*)) "a giant masquerade ball" and "the single greatest exhibition of cross-dressing in American political history." A list of left-wing reforms—"abortion on demand, a litmus test for the Supreme Court, homosexual rights, discrimination against religious schools, women in combat units"—are listed as things the speaker did not want "in a nation we still call God's country." This speech claimed that "Clinton and Clinton are on the other side, and George Bush is on our side" of a "war for the soul of America." For 10 points, name this speech given at the 1992 Republican National Convention by Pat Buchanan.
"culture war" speech
Question: The author of this text once sued Mister Maestro, Inc. and Twentieth Century Fox to stop the unauthorized distribution of it. Villanova basketball player George Raveling still owns the original text copy of this work. EMI's first non-musical copyright was for this work. Judge William C. O'Kelley ruled that this work, "no matter how broad the audience", was a performance and not a publication, and thus CBS had to pay a licensing fee for using it in a 1994 (*)) Mike Wallace special. Motown Records attempted to put out an unauthorized recording of an early version of this work, given in Detroit's Cobo Hall which was titled for a "great march". The use of this text in a 2001 Alcatel commercial drew criticism from Julian Bond. The speaker of this work imagines a day when "every valley shall be exalted". For 10 points, name this iconic speech that begins "five score years ago", given by Martin Luther King, Jr.
"I Have A Dream"
Question: The first full transcript of this speech was published in The Washington Post in 1983, fifteen years after its speaker had died. Rabbi Joachim Prinz spoke prior to the oration of this speech, of which one section was improvised by request of the singer Mahalia Jackson. The beginning of this speech states that "Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand, signed the (*) Emancipation Proclamation." Delivered on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, this speech, the defining moment of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, ended by saying, "free at last, Great God a-mighty, we are free at last." For 10 points, name this famous Martin Luther King, Jr. speech.
"I Have A Dream"
Question: This speech notes that America has given a "bad check," but its speaker refuses to believe that "the bank of justice is bankrupt." This speech hopes that the "table of brotherhood" will join together the sons of slaves and slave owners and that the speaker's (*) "four little children" will be judged "by the content of their character." For 10 points, name this speech, given at the March on Washington on August 28, 1963 by Dr. Martin Luther King.
"I Have A Dream"
Question: Three days before this speech, its speaker and Roy Wilkins got interrogated about Bayard Rustin on Meet the Press. Mahalia Jackson encouraged its speaker to improvise. At one point, this speech quotes the entirety of "My Country, Tis of Thee." This speech begins "five score years ago", alluding to the (*) Gettysburg address. Its speaker says that America has defaulted on a promissory note and asks for judgment by the "content of [one's] character." In its final section, this speech mentions the red hills of Georgia and repeats "Let freedom ring." For 10 points, name this 1963 speech given during the March on Washington by Martin Luther King, Jr.
"I Have A Dream"
Question: David Irving popularized the controversial theory that actor Norman Shelley was responsible forsome of these works. One of them mocked the derision of French leadership by ending "Somechicken! Some neck!" Another of them coined the phrase "riddle wrapped in a mystery inside anenigma" in describing the nature of Russia. One of these works attacked (*)) Stanley Baldwin as"decided only to be undecided, resolved to be irresolute, adamant for drift, solid for fluidity." One of thesecalled "Sinews of Peace" was delivered at Westminster College in Missouri and coined the term "IronCurtain." Another of them ends by noting that "Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed byso many to so few." For 10 points, name these orations that popularized the phrases "this was their finesthour" and "we shall never surrender."
speeches of Winston Churchill
Question: One of these events ended by quoting 1 Maccabees, which gives that event its common name. "Pug" Ismay's question about Jesus caused one of these events to change one phrase to "in the field of human conflict." One of these events mentions a certain action taking place "with [...] growing strength in the (*) air," as well as other locales like "fields," "streets," "landing zones," and "beaches." The term "iron curtain" was coined during one of these events, while in another, the speaker offered his "blood, toil, tears, and sweat" to defeat the Nazis. For 10 points, name these addresses by the British Prime Minister during World War II.
speeches of Winston Churchill
Question: One of these texts discusses a bear who wishes to ban both teeth and horns and is called "A Disarmament Fable." Another of these pieces is usually named for a line proclaiming intent to "lift again the tattered flag." Another of these works laments that "the lights are going out." Another predicts that, even in a thousand years, "men will still say this was their (*)) finest hour," and another promises "we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds." One of these from 1946 coined the phrase "special relationship" and warned, "From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent." For 10 points, identify these addresses given by a British prime minister.
speeches of Winston Churchill
Question: James Reston wrote that this work's speaker was "militant and sad." Clarence Jones suggested adding lines about defaulting on a "promissory note" that were incorporated into this text, whose speaker claimed that he had come to "cash a check" and refused to believe that the bank was bankrupt. This text was originally known as "Normalcy, Never Again" and incorporated phrases from an earlier speech given at Cobo Hall in Detroit at an event organized by Asa Philip Randolph and Bayard Rustin. This speech said that people should be judged "not by the color of their skin but by the content of their character." This work ends by exclaiming that "Thank God Almighty we are free at last!" For 10 points, name this speech delivered by Martin Luther King on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial.
ANSWER: "I Have a Dream" speech [prompt on March on Washington speech]
Question: One section of this speech refers to Marvell's Horatian Ode by quoting "He nothing common did or mean, Upon that memorable scene" before outlining "solid, practical grounds" for "inflexible resolve." This speech declares that "freedom will be restored to all" because the listeners will "not one jot or tittle" recede their demands. The end of this speech warns of the possibility of a Dark Age made "perhaps more protracted, by the lights of perverted science" and that "upon this battle depends the survival of Christian civilization". This speech declared that "what General (*)) Weygand (vay-GAHN) had called the Battle of France was over" and that if the British Empire lasts for a thousand years, "men will still say" that the present was the title superlative time period. For 10 points, name this Winston Churchill speech which declared that the Battle of Britain was about to begin.
ANSWER: "this was their finest hour" [accept "Churchill's speech before the Battle of Britain" before mention, prompt on anything mentioning Churchill and World War II]
Question: A portion of this text describes how governmental entities called quintets, sextets, septets, and nonets were created to prevent certain politicians from introducing legislation. This document was copied by the journalist John Rettie during a drinking party, and published after Edward Crankshaw met with the editor of The Observer, as told in a biography by William Taubman. This document contains a full reprint of the declaration of Robert Eikhe, and discusses the phony papers that exposed a "Mingrelian nationalist organization." The author of this text argues that "enemy of the people" was a concept developed to eliminate the possibility of ideological fight, and exposes the details behind Sergei Kirov's murder. It was drafted for the 20th Party Congress and officially titled "On the Cult of Personality and its Consequences." For 10 points, name this1956 speech by Nikita Khrushchev.
ANSWER: the Secret Speech of Nikita Khrushchev [or "On the Cult of Personality and its Consequences" until it is read; or Khrushchev's 20th Party Congress address until it is read; prompt on Khrushchev's address ]
Question: The German anthropologist Mark Münzel accused this leader of genocide after he ordered the resettlement of the indigenous Aché ("ah-CHAY") people. This leader's Department of Investigations was led by a man known for dunking prisoners in tanks filled with human excrement, Pastor Coronel. This leader's government tortured MartÃn Alamada, who discovered the Archives of Terror, a collection of documents detailing the activities of this leader's (*)) secret police. This leader, who deposed Federico Chávez after Chávez attempted to arm the national police, was himself deposed by Andrés Rodriguez. His government constructed the Itaipú Dam with Brazil. For 10 points, name this president from the Colorado Party, who ruled Paraguay.
Alfredo Stroessner
Question: This man brought American Colonel Robert Thierry to his nation to train employees of his government's Technical Section. Near the end of his rule, he ordered the tear-gassing of American ambassador Clyde Taylor at a dinner held by the group Women for Democracy. The so-called "Archives of Terror" were discovered in 1992 in this man's former capital. During a coup attempt, he was driven to an embassy in the (*)) trunk of a car, which gave him the nickname "Colonel Trunk." He was deposed in 1989, shortly after he suggested his homosexual son Gustavo would succeed him, a decision that did not sit well with this man's second in command and successor Andres Rodriguez. In 1970, this man made a deal with Brazil to construct the Itaipu Dam. Throughout his tenure, party politics were dominated by the Colorado Party. For 10 points, name this longtime Paraguayan dictator of German descent.
Alfredo Stroessner
Question: This man created a large neon sign declaring "Peace, Work and Well-being," and his regime played back the screams of Martin Almada to his wife from his torture, causing her death. The Febrerista Party opposed this man, but was legalized after being deemed to no longer pose a threat. Martin Almada would later discover the so-called "Archives of Terror" documenting the crimes of this man who was supported by peasant irregulars known as the "barefoot ones." He lost power after being ousted in a coup lead by Andres Rodriguez, and himself took power following a coup against Federico Chavez. In one incident, after a failed coup attempt he was driven to the Brazilian embassy in the trunk of a car, which gave him the nickname "Colonel Trunk." For 10 points, identify this man responsible for the construction of the Yacyreta and Itaipu dams, the leader of the Colorado Party who from 1954 to 1989 led Paraguay.
Alfredo Stroessner
Question: This man earned the nickname "Colonel Trunk" after he had to be smuggled to the Brazilian embassy during a failed coup attempt. His supporters, known as the "Barefoot Ones," were known for their brutality, and, combined with the actions of his minister Edgar Ynsfran, led to his unpopularity by 1959. He responded by pledging to reform his nation's 1940 Constitution and ushered in a democratic "spring" movement, which was short lived due to rioting over bus fare increases and the reinstatement of the "state of siege" decree that he had promulgated upon first coming to power. He was deposed by Andres Rodriguez after a visit by Pope John Paul II incited Catholic unrest, ending his 44 year rule over the Colorado Party that had begun when he overthrew Federico Chavez. Known for constructing the Itaipu Dam, for 10 points, name this dictator of Paraguay.
Alfredo Stroessner
Question: . This man famously said, "Touch one of my men, and forget about the rule of law" following an electoral defeat. The Carabineros police forces were often loyal enforcers of this man during his tenure. The 2012 film No is a fictional portrayal of a real effort to replace this man in a (*) 1988 plebiscite. Patricio Aylwin succeeded this man as president of his country. The "Miracle" of this man's country refers to an economic boom that this man's "Chicago Boys" orchestrated. This man replaced a leader who nationalized the copper industry. For 10 points, identify this Chilean leader who overthrew the Marxist Salvador Allende in a 1973 US-supported coup.
Augusto Pinochet
Question: A Senate Subcommittee investigated how the D.C.-based Riggs Bank helped this man illegally launder his money. One of his political opponents, Ricardo Lagos, went on TV in 1987 to denounce him with the so-called "finger" speech. This leader was also opposed by the group FPMR, a patriotic front named for Manuel Rodriguez. The Rettig Report investigated this man's involvement with the "Caravan of Death" and for establishing a torture center at the Villa Grimaldi. This man presided over what Milton Friedman called an economic "miracle" with the help of his advisers, the "Chicago Boys," who reversed the Marxist policies of his predecessor. For 10 points, name this man who overthrew Salvador Allende in 1973 and until 1998 served as a brutal dictator of Chile.
Augusto Pinochet
Question: Five of this man's bodyguards were killed by the FPMR in an assassination attempt, and this man'sson was paid 3 million dollars for the Valmoval rifle company, even though he didn't own it. This man'sgovernment is the subject of the still-classified Rettig and Valech reports. This man's government killedjournalist Charles Horman, and another person targeted by his government was killed on D.C.s EmbassyRow by a (*)) car bomb. This man, who used the Esmeralda as a floating torture chamber, was supported by theCarabineers during his rise. This man, who employed the DINA secret police, came to power after his predecessorwas killed during the shelling of La Moneda palace; that predecessor had completed the nationalization of hiscountry's Copper mines and was named Salvador Allende. For 10 points, name this longtime military dictator ofChile.
Augusto Pinochet
Question: Shortly after he came to power, this leader's regime killed an American citizen named Charles Horman. This non-European leader's regime started to fall apart after Pope John Paul II publicly criticized his policies during an official visit to his country. His regime sponsored a death squad called the "Caravan of Death." He instituted laissez-faire policies designed by a group of American-educated economists, the Chicago Boys. This leader overthrew his predecessor in a 1973 coup possibly supported by the American government. For 10 points, name this dictator who replaced Salvador Allende as president of Chile.
Augusto Pinochet
Question: A wagon train retreating from this battle was caught at Monterey Pass, but George Meade couldn't catch up to it. During this battle, Lewis Amistead advanced to the "High Water Mark of the Confederacy," although (*)) Pickett's Charge failed to turn the tide of this July 1863 battle. For ten points, name this battle of the Civil War, whose site was made a cemetery after Abraham Lincoln gave a namesake "Address" there.
Battle of Gettysburg
Question: This leader inspired his cavalry with a speech including the line, "We can live with honor or die withglory! If you have the courage, follow me!", at the battle of El Roble. This man first rose to prominence as a representative of the Laja district. This man negotiated the Treaty of Lircay after defeating Gabino Gainza, and he asked Lord Cochrane to command his navies. After a loss to Mariano Osorio, he and supporters fled to where they regrouped with another member of the Lautaro Lodge; that group was established by his friend Francisco de Miranda. After the aforementioned loss at Rancagua, he and Jose de San Martin achieved a monumental victories at Maipu and Chacabuco to secure freedom for his nation. For Ten points, name this Supreme Director of Chile, who was notably of Irish descent.
Bernardo O Higgins
Question: This man briefly lived in London with two watchmakers, where he was financially supported by his father's business partner Nicolás de la Cruz. By usurping control of his army at the Battle of El Roble, this man caused a power struggle that led to his loss at the Battle of Las Tres Acequias. This man allied himself with (*) José de San Martin's Army of the Andes in order to defeat Spanish royalists at the Battle of Chacabuco. For 10 points, name this revolutionary general who succeeded José Miguel Carrera as Dictator of an independent Chile, and who was of Irish ancestry.
Bernardo O Higgins
Question: This man's father proposed the Mapaspina circumnavigation expedtion and rebuilt Osornofollowing the Huilliche Rebellion. After serving at the Siege of Chillan, this man again followed JoseMiguel Carrera to the Battle of El Roble, where he shouted "Live with honor, or die with glory!"After he was deposed by Ramón Freire, this man was offered the post of governor of Concepción,though he declined and moved to the Cuiva and Montalvan plantations. This loser of the Battle ofLas Tres Acequias lost another significant battle to Mariano Osorio at (*)) Rancagua, after which hejoined with an Argentinian colleague to lead the Army of the Andes to victory at Chacabuco and Maipu.For 10 points, name this son of Ambrosio, who ruled frm 1817 to 1823 after leading the liberation of Chile.
Bernardo O Higgins
Question: The subject of this speech was a certain entity created at the suggestion of Dana Smith. It briefly attacked John Sparkman for putting his wife on a government payroll and was orated at the suggestion of Murray Chotiner. It was delivered at Hollywood's El Capitan Theater and regarded allegations leaked to the press by Earl Warren's camp, who were upset that Warren had been passed over for the Republican nomination. This speech was inspired by FDR's "Fala speech" and was inspired by accusations of illegal (*)) funding during Dwight Eisenhower's first presidential campaign. For 10 points, name this 1952 speech delivered by Richard Nixon named for his family dog.
Checkers Speech
Question: This speech cites an interview with Peter Edson in which the speaker directs Edson to ask Dana Smith about a certain issue. Lou Carroll indirectly provided the best-known name of this speech, which was delivered in the El Capitan Theater. Its speaker relates how his wife is a "wonderful stenographer" and "doesn't own a mink coat" and was written in response to accusations of expensing $18,000 worth of campaign funds for personal uses. For the point, name this speech, given in 1952 by Richard Nixon and named for his family's dog.
Checkers Speech
Question: This speech excerpts a document from the law firm of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher about an entity controlled by Dana Smith. Near its conclusion, the speaker quotes from a letter addressed to him by an army wife before asking why prosperity cannot be built on peace instead of on war. A section of this speech asks for John Sparkman to disclose his finances, questioning why his wife had been put on his payroll. This speech emphasizes the speaker's middle class background, including working at the family grocery store and taking out a mortgage on a house. After openly disclosing details about an 18,000-dollar fund, it relates the story of a man from Texas who gave the speaker's daughter a cocker spaniel. For 10 points, name this speech by Richard Nixon that helped him maintain the 1952 vice presidential nomination.
Checkers Speech
Question: Its speaker says that an "Andrew Jackson" is needed to stand "against the encroachments of aggregated wealth." The title phrase of this speech is preceded by a commandment not to "press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns." Given at the 1896 Democratic National Convention, this speech was in favor of the coinage of silver and bimetallism. For 10 points, identify this speech by William Jennings Bryan, in which he declares that "you shall not crucify mankind" upon the title entity.
Cross of Gold Speech
Question: This speech argued that "the man who is employed for wages is as much a business man as his employer." This speech was preceded by an ill-tempered fifty-minute speech by "Pitchfork Ben" Tillman advocating the same cause, and it mocked a rival who was recently elected in St. Louis for his resemblance to Napoleon. This speech praises Thomas Benton's comparison of Andrew Jackson to Catiline, praising his actions "when he destroyed the bank conspiracy and saved America." It concludes that with "toilers everywhere" on their side, the party of its deliverer will reply "you shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns." For 10 points, identify this speech in favor of silver currency, delivered at the 1896 Democratic convention by William Jennings Bryan.
Cross of Gold Speech
Question: During this man's rule, his army was shaken by the "Revolt of the Parakeets," named for the green and yellow trim on the uniforms of the revolting battalion. He was also opposed by a movement called the Confederaton of the Equator led by Friar Caneca, who opposed his reforms and attempted to found a breakaway state. He first married Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of and then wed Amelie de Beauharnais after her death, when he was forced to fight the Liberal War against his brother in order to secure his throne for his daughter Maria da Gloria. He's more famous for issuing the Grito do Ipiranga as regent with his sword drawn, after which he was declared emperor. For 10 points, name this son of John VI of Portugal, who became the first ruler of an independent Brazil.
Dom Pedro I
Question: This leader was encouraged to perform an action by Joaquim Ledo and Jose Clemente Pereira on "stay day." This man dictated the terms of the Peace of Evoramonte after his forces won the Battle of Asseiciera, and he had an affair with Domitila de Castro. This husband of (*)) Amelie of Leuchtenberg was criticized in the Sentinella and Tamoyo papers, which were written by supporters of Jose Bonifacio. This man's first marriage was to Maria Leopoldina of Austria, with whom he sired Maria II, who would fight with this man's brother Miguel during the Liberal Wars. Other deeds of this man include making the Cry of Ipiranga, which split the lands of his Braganza dynasty and made his country independent from Portugal. For 10 points, identify this first Emperor of Brazil.
Dom Pedro I
Question: This leader welcomed war as a "nice electrical shock" to his nationality after a neighbor country impounded a merchant steamer with one of his territorial governors aboard. This man's governess Mariana de Verna dominated as part of the Courtier Faction. Peasants who feared higher taxes from this man's enforcement of the metric system broke scales and weights in public. This husband of Teresa Cristina of the Kingdom of Two Sicilies put down the Praieira Revolt in Pernambuco. This man abdicated due to Deodoro da Fonseca's republican coup. He sent armies under the Duke of Caxias to help fight Francisco Solano Lopez in the War of the Triple Alliance. For 10 points, name this man whose daughter Isabel signed the Golden Law to end slavery, the second and final emperor of Brazil.
Dom Pedro II
Question: This leader's trade relationship with the South during the American Civil War led many "Confederados" to immigrate to his country. Giuseppe Garibaldi participated in an uprising against this leader called the Ragamuffin War. His reformist daughter Isabel served as regent during his many tours of Europe. This man's nation defeated the forces of Juan Manuel de Rosas in the Platine War, during which his army was led by the Duke of Caxias. His regime issued the Law of the Sexagenarians and the Law of the Free Birth, both of which foreshadowed his ending of slavery in his country through the Golden Law. For 10 points, name this second and final Emperor of Brazil.
Dom Pedro II
Question: This man suspended diplomatic relations with Britain after William Dougal Christie chastised him for arresting several drunken British officers, and relations would not be restored until an apologetic visit by Edward Thornton. Two civil wars, the Cabanagem War and the War of the Tatters, allowed him to end his regency at the early age of 14, and he had ascended the throne at age 6 after his father abdicated in order to fight in the War of the Two Brothers. Events during his reign included the socialist Praieira revolt, and the Platine War, where he defeated Manuel Oribe and Juan Manuel de Rosas. He was known as the "number-one volunteer" during his country's victorious campaign during the War of the Triple Alliance, and his greatest domestic triumph occurred two years before he was overthrown by Deodoro da Fonseca, when his country abolished slavery. For 10 points, name this second and last emperor of Brazil.
Dom Pedro II
Question: This ruler faced an uprising sometimes named the Beach Revolt for the street on which liberal politicians met to put out a document called "Manifesto to the World," which sought to curtail this ruler's power. Early in his reign, he dealt with that revolt of the "praieros" and several others, including one named for its leader Francisco Sabino and one called the Cabanagem. This ruler was married by proxy to Teresa Cristina of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, though he had several mistresses, including Luisa De Barros, Countess of Barral. Following an invasion of his nation, he was referred to as the 'Number-one Volunteer' in defending the Mato Grosso from Francisco Solano Lopez. This man's prime minister passed the Law of the Free Womb; his daughter, acting as his regent, sanctioned the signing of the 'Golden Law' freeing slaves in his nation. For 10 points, name this last Emperor of Brazil.
Dom Pedro II
Question: The Chicago Times claimed that "The cheeks of every American must tingle with shame" due to the "silly, flat, and dishwatery utterances" contained in it. Though it is not the Preamble to the US constitution, its final edition notably features the phrase "under god" which was missing from the first draft, which is known as the Nicolay Copy.
Gettysburg Address
Question: This text notes that "it is altogether fitting and proper" that a cemetery should be dedicated, but that the land has already been consecrated by those who "gave the last full measure of devotion." This two-minute speech ends by resolving that (*)) "government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." For 10 points, name this speech written by Abraham Lincoln "four score and seven years" after American independence.
Gettysburg Address
Question: (Note to moderator: Be very, very emphatic with the phrase "In 2012" in the following question.)The Tascon List attempted to recall this politician, who formed the PSUV party in his home country. This baseball prodigy led riots during the Caracazo. In 2012, this politician defeated Henrique Capriles in a presidential election. This man suggested that a rival country had developed a biological weapon after Cristina Fernandez was misdiagnosed with cancer. This man complained that a podium at the UN stunk of sulfur after George W. Bush had spoken at it. He spent several months in Cuba, possibly comatose, before returning to his home country in early 2013 to die. For 10 points, name this leader who was succeeded by Nicolas Maduro as president of Venezuela.
Hugo Chavez
Question: In June 2010, this man and Bashar al-Asad formed the "Movement of Free Allies." This man has championed the so-called Bank of the South. He secured Russian help to build the first nuclear power plant in his country in October 2010 and in April 2011 offered to negotiate between Libya's Transitional Council and Muammar Qaddafi. His September 2006 speech at the United Nations referred to George W. Bush as (*)) "the devil," but just seven months earlier he had offered discounted heating oil to poor Americans. His United Socialist Party pushed through a referendum to eliminate term limits in 2009, allowing his Bolivarian Revolution to continue indefinitely. For 10 points, name this president of Venezuela.
Hugo Chavez
Question: This man created the MBR-200 movement to eliminate the puntofijismo system; that later became the Fifth Republic Movement. One joke following this man's imprisonment for an attempted coup against Carlos Andres Perez said that he deserved 30 years in prison, one year for trying and 29 for failing. Later, he used tactics such as assigning voters to precints on the opposite side of the country to solidify power. This army paratrooper was nicknamed "El Comandante" after winning Perez's office in 1998 and joked about still smelling the sulfur left by a previous speaker on the podium at the United Nations, part of his years-long war of insults with George W. Bush. For 10 points name this man who obtained emergency powers after his party's loss of legislative seats in the 2010 election in Venezuela.
Hugo Chavez
Question: This man rewarded his two millionth Twitter follower with a computer and his three millionth with a new house. He denounced critics of his country's water supply as "terrorists" in March 2012. Neptal Segovia was accused of hiding an order to kill this man's older brother in a crossword puzzle. He has demanded the extradition of Eladio Aponte, a special witness in the DEA's investigation of his government's ties to drug trafficking, and has claimed that (*)) Muammar Gaddafi was "assassinated." Dan Rather revealed that this man, who will likely face Henrique Capriles in an October election, has metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma and that his latest trip to Cuba for cancer treatment was largely unsuccessful. For 10 points, name this president of Venezuela.
Hugo Chavez
Question: During one part of his career, this officer worked with the British admiral Thomas Cochrane to create a new navy. This man also defeated forces under Mariano de Asorio at the Battle of Maipu. He was appointed chief general of the Army of the Andes after he helped organize that group, and shortly afterward he led his forces to victory at the Battle of Chacabuco. He was voted Protector of Peru after his army's victory obtained that country's freedom. For 10 points, name this Argentine general, who fought to liberate Argentina and other parts of South America from Spain.
Jose de San Martin
Question: This man fought under Beresford during the Battle of Albuera, and against the Portuguese during the War of the Oranges. This man was appointed governor of Cuyo, and replaced Manuel Belgrano as general of the Army of the North. He crossed the Andes with Bernardo O'Higgins to defeat Osario at the Battle of Maipu, which led to the complete independence of Chile. At the Battle of Chacabuco, this man crushed the royalist forces, and he met Simon Bolivar at the Guayaquil Conference. For 10 points, name this Argentinian revolutionary.
Jose de San Martin
Question: As president, this man supported cutting university budgets with such slogans as "Shoes, yes! Books, no!" Pedro Aramburu issued a decree outlawing the mentioning of this man's name, and his successor was replaced by the National Reorganization Process. Originally, he had left-wing support from groups like the Montoneros. This leader's initial tenure as president ended in a 1955 coup in which he fled the country on a gunboat given to him by Alfredo Stroessner. This man's working-class base was called the (*) "shirtless ones" or descamisados. He was succeeded as president by his third wife, Isabel, while his charismatic second wife was the actress Eva Duarte. For 10 points, name this President of Argentina married to the woman known as Evita.
Juan Peron
Question: At one point, this man's government seized control of the opposition newspaper, La Presna, and several people were killed after gathering to meet him at the Ezeiza Airport. After paying off the national debt, this man issued the Declaration of Economic Independence and set up the state-run IAPI to control exports. Some of his supporters burned churches after the Catholic Church was implicated in the bombing of his presidential palace in 1955, while early on he attracted a youthful guerrilla force called the (*)) Montoneros. After his death, many of his desaparecidos were targeted in the Dirty War conducted by his successor, Jorge Videla. During periods of his rule, his vice president was Isabela, his second wife. For 10 points, name this leader of Argentina, the husband of Evita.
Juan Peron
Question: In 1987, graverobbers sawed off this deceased world leader's hands and held them for ransom. His return to his country was marred by the Ezeiza massacre, which killed members of the Montoneros. In 1951, this leader opened the Republic of the Children theme park, four years before being forced into exile. This man tried to cultivate European relations with the "Rainbow Tour." While imprisoned, his followers had earlier staged a 1945 protest at the Plaza de Mayo. This man's followers were known as the "shirtless ones" or descamisados. He was succeeded by his third wife Isabel, while his popular second wife was a former actress who died of cancer at age 33. For 10 points, name this leader of Argentina who was married to the woman known as Evita.
Juan Peron
Question: Jorge Daniel Paladino was a personal representative of this man. In one election, this man campaigned on American diplomat Spruille Braden's dislike of him. The Ezeiza massacre occurred when a group of people went to meet this man. This man was arrested during a coup by Admiral Lima and General Avalos. This man was vice president and later succeeded Edelmiro Farrell. The followers of this member of the (*)) United Officers Group were known as the descamisados, or shirtless ones. When this man died in office, his vice president Isabel became president. Justicialismo was the "third position" philosophy behind his namesake movement, which was targeted in the Dirty War. For 10 points, name this President of Argentina and husband of Eva.
Juan Peron
Question: This monarch once refused to allow his subjects to draw his carriage, declaring that "I know that my blood is the same color as that of the Negroes." This monarch abruptly abdicated after the "night of the broken bottles," during which this monarch's supporters attacked the Exaltados. This husband of Maria Leopoldina defied the Cortes by giving the "Fico" speech, which declared his intent to (*)) stay in a certain country. This monarch deposed Miguel I, who had previously married and seized power from this monarch's daughter Maria da Glória. This monarch unsheathed his sword and proclaimed "Independence or death!" in his Cry of Ipiranga. For 10 points, name this son of John VI, who secured independence from Portugal as the first emperor of Brazil.
Pedro I
Question: . One supporter of this leader claimed that the military should serve the people and not any political ideology or leader in his namesake doctrine. On the behalf of the Fatherland and Liberty Group, Robert Supor attempted to oust this leader in a coup that was quashed by the Army Commander in Chief, Carlos Prats. This beneficiary of General Rene Schneider's doctrine and target of the Tanquetazo defeated his predecessor Eduardo Frei Montalva, and the paper magnate Jorge Alessandri. That election was a victory for the Popular Union coalition and made this man the first elected Marxist leader in the Americas, though his attempts to nationalize several of his country's industries led to the El Teniente Copper Strike.This man supposedly committed suicide while La Moneda Palace was being attacked in a CIA-backed coup in Santiago. For 10 points, name this socialist president of Chile who was assassinated in September 1973 in a coup led by his successor, Augusto Pinochet.
Salvador Allende
Question: Early in his career, this figure along with his buddy Marmaduke Grove launched a smear campaign against the hilariously corrupt Gus Ross. In a speech which decried "deep-rooted evils," this figure ordered a modification to the so-called "Readjustments Law" which included double the pay for CWF members. An attempt of economic reform by this leader used 4 telex machines connected to a mainframe computer that supposedly could control the market, the awesomely-named Project (*) Cybersyn. This man's presidency was paralyzed by a national truckers' strike, and International Telephone and Telegraph was heavily invested in removing this man. This man came to power after defeating Jorge Allesandri in a 1964 election, and this man's conservative successor was advised by the Milton Friedman-influenced Chicago Boys. For 10 points identify this socialist President of Chile who committed suicide at La Moneda Palace in 1973>
Salvador Allende
Question: One system developed during this man's tenure was based on a biologically-inspired "viable system mode" and had dials where households could express real-time happiness and other "algedonic metrics". This man used that system, the brainchild of Stafford Beer, to coordinate fuel sharing during a strike of truck drivers. This man tried to connect each industry in his country to CORFO headquarters through a proto-Internet known as Project (*)) Cybersyn. His economic platform, the Vuskovic Plan, failed to curb inflation of the escudo. On the Day of National Dignity, this Popular Unity leader nationalized one industry, losing him the support of the Christian Democrats. During the so-called Tank Putsch against him, the army surrounded La Modena palace. For 10 points, name this socialist who nationalized the copper mines of Chile before being overthrown in a 1973 coup.
Salvador Allende
Question: This leader seized upon previous legislation passed by the Christian Democrats to expropriate any estates over eighty hectares in size and later established local rationing boards that went by the acronym JAP. His policies were opposed by such groups as Order and Freedom and Fatherland and Liberty, but enabled by the laissez-faire ethos of the "Schneider Doctrine," which allowed his victory over Paper Manufacturer Jorge Alessandri to stand. Disturbances during this man's time in office include the El Teniente Copper strike and the rebellion of a tank regiment near the capital. His eventual successor replaced the loyal Carlos Prats as a member of this man's cabinet in August of 1973, one month before he would lead a coup against this man. For 10 points, identify this leader of the Popular Unity Party, a Socialist president of Chile who was deposed by Augusto Pinochet.
Salvador Allende
Question: After this man's death, his personal papers were organized by his aide, Daniel O'Leary, who also wrote a thirty-four volume history of this man's military career. This man received weapons from Alexandre Petion and allied himself with the Belgian merchant Luis Brion, who supplied this man with ships. That support allowed this man and a band of exiled soldiers to make a successful amphibious landing at Los Cayos. General Soublette was one of this man's most important deputies. This man's first military offensive is called the "Admirable Campaign", which failed. This man's "Decree of War to the Death" helped him defeat Field Marshal de la Torre after returning from Jamaica, where he wrote a notable letter. For ten points, name this victor of the Battles of Carabobo and Boyaca, the liberator of South America.
Simon Bolivar
Question: In his memoirs about fighting with man, Henri Ducoudray Holstein describes him as a coward, a lecher, and incompetent. While visiting Rome with a professor, he made a vow on the Monte Sacro to take the career path that would make him famous.This man frequently clashed with the separatist Francisco Santander over presidential powers before he resigned. This man issued a proclamation which exonerated any murders committed against (*) political enemies of his movement, known as the Decree of War to the Death. This victor at Boyaca and Carabobo met José de San Martin at the Guayaquil Conference, just before becoming dictator of Peru. His efforts led to the independence of territories that were formed into Gran Colombia. For 10 points, name this Venezuelan general nicknamed "El Libertador" who kicked Spain out of much of northern South America.
Simon Bolivar
Question: This leader proposed a fourth branch of government called a "moral power" to indoctrinate and police young citizens during their early education. He was taught the ideas of rationalist philosophers by his childhood tutor, Simon Rodriguez. This leader convinced another general to retire to France in the Guayaquil Conference. After winning such battles as Boyaca and Carabobo, this man became the first president of Gran Colombia. Along with Jose de San Martin, he ousted the Spanish viceroys from Latin America. For 10 points, name this Liberator of South America.
Simon Bolivar
Question: This man survived an assassination attempt when his servant Pio stabbed a different person lying in this man's hammock. That attempt occurred in Jamaica, from where this man wrote a letter explaining his republican principles. This man issued the (*) Cartagena Manifesto before beginning his Admirable Campaign. This man, who fought alongside Antonio de Sucre, met at the Guayaquil Conference with Jose de San Martin. This president of Gran Colombia fought for the independence of New Granada, Ecuador, and Venezuela. For 10 points, name this man who was labeled "El Libertador" of several South American nations.
Simon Bolivar
Question: This man was raised by a black slave named Hipólita, as he was orphaned at nine. On his deathbed, he asked his aide-de-camp, Daniel O'Leary, to burn his extensive library of his own writings and speeches, a request that was ignored. This man led forces meant to dismantle an administrative unit known as Real Audencia, which culminated in his victory at the 1822 battle of Pichincha. This man ascended as de facto dictator of an area formally known as New Granada in the Organic Decree. For 10 points, name this leader of Gran Colombia, the Liberator of South America.
Simon Bolivar
Question: This thinker's ideas were popularized by a contemporary in an article for the Atlantic Monthly that also originated the nickname "Libyan Sibyl" for this thinker. This thinker repeatedly expressed support for "keeping the thing going while things are stirring" in an address to the American Equal Rights Association. One speech by this thinker repeats the question "Where did your Christ come from?" and mentions "this thing in the head" called "intellect." The printed text of that speech delivered by this thinker was notably altered in a later publication by Frances Dana Barker Gage, who inserted its title (*)) question four times, including after this thinker's declaration that "I could work as much and eat as much as a man—when I could get it—and bear the lash as well!" For 10 points, name this former slave and women's rights advocate, best known for delivering a speech later given the title "Ain't I A Woman?"
Sojourner Truth
Question: The final one of these notes "no one man has authority to give up rebellion for any other man". Bliss and Nicolay give their names to copies of one, while another praised the Constitution and was given to at the (*)) Cooper Union. One was preceded by a lengthy discourse by Edward Everett, and another talks paying for of "blood drawn by the lash" and concludes "with malice towards none". For 10 points, name these addresses, the most famous starting "Four score and seven years ago."
Speeches of Abraham Lincoln
Question: This work discourages communalism and narrow-mindedness, claiming that it impedes greatness. It encourages cooperation between nations by noting that peace, freedom, prosperity and disaster are indivisible. It describes how "a new hope comes into being" and "a new star rises." This work mentions that there is work to be done as long as there is suffering, since "the ambition of the greatest man of our generation has been to wipe every tear from every eye." This work, which pledges to never allow the "torch of freedom" held aloft by the "Father of Our Nation" to be blown out, states that "now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge" and that "at the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom." For 10 points, name this speech delivered on the eve of Indian independence by Jawaharlal Nehru.
The "Tryst with Destiny" speech
Question: The night before this speech was delivered, two men rode through town on a horse and motorcycle throwing leafletsat random passers-by to explain their actions. This speech warns against "outbursts of emotion" that might lose "theconfidence of the world," and implores the addressees to look to the "construction of the future." A follow-upaddress had to clarify this speech, since it was delivered in high classical language and avoided using a certain word.Pledging that its listeners would "endure the unendurable," it was played from a recording smuggled out afterofficers stormed the Imperial Palace in the Kyujo Incident. For 10 points, name this radio address by Hirohito thatended an Asian country's participation in World War II.
The Jewel Voice Broadcast
