Acid base EAQ
A client with esophageal varices experiences severe hematemesis, and a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is inserted. Which design and purpose does the tube have?
Triple-lumen; for esophageal compression
Which type of acid-base imbalance would the nurse expect in a child admitted with a severe asthma exacerbation?
Respiratory acidosis caused by impaired respirations and increased formation of carbonic acid
How can the nurse prevent vomiting in a client who reports feeling nauseated after cataract surgery?
Administer the prescribed antiemetic medication.
Which information would the nurse reinforce when teaching a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) about antacid therapy
Antacids commonly interfere with the absorption of other medications.
A high school student arrives at the local blood drive center to donate blood for the first time and as the site is being prepared for needle insertion, the student becomes agitated and starts to hyperventilate. Which instruction would the nurse provide the student?
Breathe into cupped hands.
When a client who has had a thoracotomy develops respiratory acidosis, which action would the nurse take?
Encourage deep breathing.
Which priority nursing intervention would the nurse implement for a client on diuretic therapy who has developed metabolic alkalosis?
Fall prevention measures
Which condition is a cardiovascular manifestation of alkalosis? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
Increased heart rate Increased digitalis toxicity
The nurse is caring for a client who is vomiting. When caring for this client, the nurse recalls that the vomiting reflex follows a set pattern. List the steps in the order that they occur.
Initiation of reverse peristalsis in the stomach Contraction of abdominal muscles Relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter Closure of the trachea to prevent aspiration
An increase in which blood component is responsible for the acidosis related to untreated diabetes mellitus?
Ketones
Which factor is the likely cause of the laboratory result when arterial blood gases done on a client who is being resuscitated after cardiac arrest show a low pH?
Lactic acid production
Which food item would the nurse instruct a client whose pathology report states a urinary calculus is composed of uric acid to avoid?
Liver
Which complication will the nurse anticipate when caring for a client in late hypovolemic shock?
Metabolic acidosis
Which initial change in acid-base balance will the nurse expect when a client is in the progressive stage of shock?
Metabolic acidosis
Which effect of sodium bicarbonate is the nurse trying to prevent when teaching a client about the dangers of using sodium bicarbonate regularly?
Metabolic alkalosis
Which medication would the nurse identify as being used both for cervical ripening during labor and for the prevention of gastric ulcers?
Misoprostol
Which independent nursing action would be included in the plan of care for a client after an episode of ketoacidosis?
Monitoring for signs of hypoglycemia resulting from treatment
The nurse providing postoperative care for a client who had kidney surgery reviews the client's urinalysis report. Which urinary finding indicates the need to notify the primary health care provider?
Presence of large proteins
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a blood pH of 7.25 and Pco 2 of 60 mm Hg. These blood gas results require nursing attention because they indicate which condition?
Respiratory acidosis
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a blood pH of 7.25 and a partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO 2) of 60 mm Hg. Which complication would the nurse suspect the client is experiencing?
Respiratory acidosis
Which ion is the regulator of extracellular osmolarity?
Sodium
Which blood gas result would the nurse expect an adolescent with diabetic ketoacidosis to exhibit?
pH 7.30, CO 2 40 mm Hg, HCO 3- 20 mEq/L (20 mmol/L)
Which arterial blood gas results are associated with diabetic ketoacidosis?
pH: 7.30; Pco 2: 54; HCO 3: 28
