ACSM EP Exam (Everything)

During HIIT, high-intensity periods of activity are typically performed at what intensity? a. 80%-90% HRR b. 60%-70% HRR c. 100% HRR d. RPE = 17

a. 80%-90% HRR

An example of chronic stress is: a. A contentious relationship. b. An ankle sprain. c. Catching a cold. d. An upcoming exam.

a. A contentious relationship.

Which of the following assesses lower body muscular strength? a. Static posture assessment b. 1-RM squat c. Health risk appraisal d. Movement screening

b. 1-RM squat

Which type of warm-up has been shown to decrease strength and endurance performance? a. Dynamic exercises b. Dynamic stretches c. Static stretching d. Range of motion dynamic flexibility

c. Static stretching

Blood vessels in older adults who have been sedentary tend to be ______. a. Larger b. Elastic c. Stiffer d. Stretched

c. Stiffer

For the body to adapt to exercise efficiently, what is the minimum rest time someone should allow between resistance training programs with any given muscle groups? a. 72 hours b. 24 hours c. 12 hours d. 48 hours

d. 48 hours

Psychological conditions that can be influenced by chronic stress include anxiety, insomnia, fatigue, and: a. Bipolar disorder. b. Cognitive dysfunction. c. Chronic fatigue syndrome. d. Depression.

d. Depression.

When a client flexes the hips and knees from a standing position to a parallel squat, which muscles perform the eccentric action? a. Hamstrings and erector spinae b. Gluteus minimus and sartorius c. Hamstrings and gracilis d. Gluteus maximus and quadriceps

d. Gluteus maximus and quadriceps

Which of the following would be considered a negative risk factor for ACSM risk classification? a. Brisk walking for 20 minutes, three times per week b. VLDL of 65 mg · dL−1 c. Walking to and from work for 30 minutes d. HDL-C of 60 mg · dL−1

d. HDL-C of 60 mg · dL−1

Based on the USDA 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, MyPlate recommends how much of your plate should be fruits and vegetables at each meal? a. Three-quarters b. One-third c. One-quarter d. Half

d. Half

The anaerobic system uses which of the following as its primary source for producing ATP? a. Carbohydrates b. Fat c. Protein d. Triglycerides

a. Carbohydrates

The 2007 update to an ACSM/CDC recommendation for activity focused on the frequency recommendation; instead of "most, preferably all, days of the week," the update was changed to: a. Five days each week. b. Seven days a week. c. Most days of the week. d. All days of the week.

a. Five days each week.

Understanding nonverbal cues is important in establishing a successful client relationship because: a. More information is communicated in this manner. b. Eye contact cannot tell much about a client's emotional status. c. Posture is usually consistent with verbal communication. d. Hand position is usually consistent with verbal communication.

a. More information is communicated in this manner.

Which of the following helps facilitate goals that a client is intrinsically enthusiastic about? a. Motivational interviewing b. Active inquiry c. Advanced client intake assessment d. SMART goal setting

a. Motivational interviewing

A group of muscle fibers and the motor neuron that innervates these fibers is known as a: a. Motor unit. b. Myofibril. c. Sarcomere. d. Muscle fascia.

a. Motor unit.

The size principle states that: a. Motor units are recruited from smallest to largest, depending on the force production demands. b. Motor units are recruited from largest to smallest, depending on the force production demands. c. All motor units are recruited simultaneously, regardless of force production demands. d. All motor units are recruited simulataneously, depending on force production demands.

a. Motor units are recruited from smallest to largest, depending on the force production demands.

What is the PRIMARY benefit of implementing a periodized program? a. Moves past training plateaus b. Improves joint integrity c. Decreases risk of injury d. Increases muscular power

a. Moves past training plateaus

There is some evidence to suggest that static stretching may contribute to a decrease in: a. Muscular strength. b. Muscular hypertrophy. c. Muscle elasticity. d. Muscle extensibility.

a. Muscular strength.

An ACSM-EP failing to give a new client proper instruction on the use of a piece of equipment, resulting in injury to the client, is an example of: a. Negligence. b. Discrimination. c. Harrassment. d. Standard of care.

a. Negligence.

Atherosclerosis is the process of fat deposit on the interior wall of an artery causing the wall to thicken while reducing: a. Luminal diameter. b. Peripheral resistance. c. Endothelial cell thickness. d. HDL-C concentration.

a. Luminal diameter.

The completion of one's first obstacle race is an example of which type of self-efficacy? a. Mastery experience b. Vicarious experience c. Verbal persuasion d. Physiological cue

a. Mastery experience

A well-written and implemented medical emergency policy will dictate details as to which staff will: a. Meet and direct paramedics to the scene. b. Secure the scene until an "all clear" is given. c. Complete the incident report. d. Take the blood pressure, heart rate, and other vital signs of the individual in distress.

a. Meet and direct paramedics to the scene.

The posture of the spine, in which the overall internal stresses in the spinal column and muscular effort to hold the posture are minimal, is known as: a. Neutral position. b. Lordosis. c. Kyphosis. d. Anterior pelvic tilt.

a. Neutral position.

What is the primary role of the rotator cuff muscles at the shoulder joint? a. Stabilize the humerus during motion b. Stabilize the scapula during arm movements c. Prevent scapular winging d. Promote shoulder impingement during motion

a. Stabilize the humerus during motion

Research has indicated that men suffer more of which type of injury than women when performing resistance training? a. Trunk b. Ankle c. Knee d. Elbow

a. Trunk

What is the maximum number of consecutive rest days between exercise sessions for diabetic clients? a. Two b. Three c. One d. Four

a. Two

To develop and maintain flexibility, ACSM recommends inclusion of general stretching exercises for all major muscle groups at least: a. Two to three days per week. b. Four times per week. c. Once a week. d. Every other exercise session.

a. Two to three days per week.

Cortisol, a hormone released in response to stress, over time can increase risk of cardiovascular disease and: a. Type 2 diabetes. b. Hyperglycemia. c. Type 1 diabetes. d. Immunosuppression.

a. Type 2 diabetes.

Which of the following is identified as a possible mechanism by which exercise training can reduce blood pressure? a. An increase in plasma norepinephrine levels b. Alteration in renal function c. A decrease in circulating vasodilator substances d. An increase in circulating vasoconstrictor substances

b. Alteration in renal function

Which of the following exercises is MOST appropriate to improve lower-body power in a basketball player? a. Shuttle drills b. Box jumps c. Ball slams d. Clap push-ups

b. Box jumps

Which of the following is most commonly used to measure blood pressure? a. Apical pulse b. Brachial pulse c. Femoral pulse d. Radial pulse

b. Brachial pulse

The class of prescription drugs used to treat angina that requires minimal concern for exercise response is: a. Beta-blockers. b. Calcium channel blockers. c. NSAIDs. d. Diuretics.

b. Calcium channel blockers.

During a moderate-intensity jog, which energy systems provide the most energy within the first two to three minutes? a. Aerobic glycolysis and oxidative system b. Creatine phosphate and anaerobic glycolysis c. Anaerobic and aerobic glycolysis d. Creatine phosphate and aerobic glycolysis

b. Creatine phosphate and anaerobic glycolysis

Which type of periodization is MOST appropriate for accommodating a client's schedule? a. Linear b. Daily undulating c. Reverse linear d. Block

b. Daily undulating

Which document acknowledges an "assumption of risk" with regard to participation in physical activity? a. Liability waiver b. Medical release c. Informed consent d. Behavioral contract

c. Informed consent

As time limitation is commonly cited as a barrier to participation in exercise, which of the following might be an attractive option from an exercise efficiency standpoint? a. Resistance training b. Long, slow-distance training c. Interval training d. Altitude training

c. Interval training

A lateral lunge is performed in which plane of movement? a. Sagittal b. Transverse c. Horizontal d. Frontal

d. Frontal

At what age are children physically and mentally ready for resistance training exercise? a. 12 to 13 b. 7 to 8 c. 4 to 5 d. 10 to 11

b. 7 to 8

Which activity would be contraindicated for someone with cardiovascular disease? a. Aqua aerobics b. Racquet sports c. Leisure cycling d. Slow dancing

b. Racquet sports

Which of the following is among the things responsible for the "fight or flight" response? a. Cortisol b. β-Blockers c. Epinephrine d. Insulin

c. Epinephrine

Which of the following is a local stabilizer of the core musculature? a. External obliques b. Rectus abdominis c. Erector spinae d. Transverse abdominis

d. Transverse abdominis

Which component of the SMART goal utility needs to be employed for the following goal to be made 'SMART': Mary wants to lose weight by March 1. a. Specific b. Relevant c. Time-bound d. Attainable

a. Specific

Which muscle fiber type has a high oxidative capacity? a. Type IIa b. Type IIb c. Type IIx d. Type I

d. Type I

Kettlebell exercises designed to mimic a sport-related movement is an example of: a. Specificity training. b. Proper progression. c. Structural exercises. d. Muscle endurance training.

a. Specificity training.

A feature of cardiac disease symptoms that are ischemic in origin is: a. Squeezing burning pain. b. Dull aching pain. c. Sharp stabbing pain. d. Pain aggravated by respiration.

a. Squeezing burning pain.

Which of the following equipment types will help further enhance core muscle activation? a. Stability balls b. Dumbbells c. Bands and tubing d. Jump ropes

a. Stability balls

The suprailiac skinfold measurement is taken as a ________________ fold, in line with the natural angle of the iliac crest taken in the anterior axillary line immediately superior to the iliac crest. a. Diagonal b. Vertical c. Horizontal d. Perpendicular

a. Diagonal

The state of a joint remaining or promptly returning to proper alignment through equalization of forces can be described as: a. Stability. b. Mobility. c. Proprioception. d. Kinesthetic awareness.

a. Stability.

Which is a reasonable guideline for a beginner to increase training load? a. 1%-2% per week b. 5%-10% per week c. 10%-20% per week d. 25%-30% per week

b. 5%-10% per week

What joint action of the shoulder is performed during a reverse cable fly or a reverse dumbbell fly? a. Horizontal abduction b. Horizontal adduction c. Protraction d. Retraction

a. Horizontal abduction

Bioelectrical impedance analysis is based on the theory that _____________ is a good conductor of electrical current, while ____________ is a poor conductor. a. Lean tissue, fat tissue b. Fat tissue, lean tissue c. Bone, skin d. Skin, bone

a. Lean tissue, fat tissue

A common strategy of altitude training used by athletes to improve performance is known as: a. Live high, train low. b. Train low, live low. c. Live high, train high. d. Train high, live low.

a. Live high, train low.

Which of the following is a physiological adaptation of heat acclimatization? a. Lower core body temperature b. Lower sweat rates c. Higher skin temperature d. Higher sodium concentration of plasma

a. Lower core body temperature

High concentrations of cortisol in the blood over time can: a. Block the uptake of glucose from body cells. b. Decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease. c. Increase natural killer cell activity. d. Increase the concentration of lymphocytes.

a. Block the uptake of glucose from body cells.

There is conflicting information regarding the impact of the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on: a. Blood pressure. b. Liver health. c. Heart rate. d. Kidney function.

a. Blood pressure.

Which of the following is TRUE for a client who wishes to participate in moderate physical activity? a. A medical exam is not necessary to get started b. A diagnostic exercise test is required c. A physician should supervise the exercise test d. A medical exam is recommended

a. A medical exam is not necessary to get started

Mental exhaustion following a particularly challenging period at work is characteristic of: a. Burnout. b. Anxiety. c. Depression. d. Overtraining.

a. Burnout.

Fitness facility staff who work with clients and provide exercise instruction must be trained in: a. CPR. b. State employment practices. c. Health care professional referral procedures. d. Working with special populations.

a. CPR.

To accomplish progressive overload, increase the intensity and/or volume by increasing resistance, increasing the number of sets/reps/exercises, or: a. Altering rest intervals. b. Modifying the order of exercises in a session. c. Lengthening warm-up time. d. Altering time of day of the exercise session.

a. Altering rest intervals.

Muscular strength is defined as: a. A one-time maximal force that may be exerted and is localized to a joint or muscle group. b. The amount of motor units recruited in 8 to 12 reps. c. The number of muscle spindles recruited during a maximal contraction. d. The ability to apply a force repeatedly over time.

a. A one-time maximal force that may be exerted and is localized to a joint or muscle group.

When a client quits exercising for long periods of time, the principle of reversibility dictates that: a. Any improvements gained will reverse and decrease. b. Gains in resistance training will decrease by 50% and cardiovascular gains by 70%. c. Approximately 30% of gains made will be lost each year the training ceases. d. It will take two to four weeks to return to the client's previous fitness level once exercise is resumed.

a. Any improvements gained will reverse and decrease.

The MOST accurate fact regarding energy drinks is that they: a. Are typically high in sugar. b. Have shown some evidence as an ergogenic aid. c. Provide a safe limit of caffeine. d. Should be consumed in moderation.

a. Are typically high in sugar.

Which of the following conditions is characterized by limited gas exchange in the lungs? a. Chronic restrictive pulmonary disease b. Peripheral vascular disease c. Transient ischemic attack d. Cardiovascular disease

a. Chronic restrictive pulmonary disease

The elbow can perform movements in which plane? a. Sagittal b. Frontal c. Transverse d. Horizontal

a. Sagittal

Which type of stretch would be MOST appropriate to warm up for soccer? a. Limited range of motion b. Dynamic c. Static d. Passive

b. Dynamic

When a muscle cannot generate sufficient force to overcome external resistance, the muscle lengthens. This is known as which type of action? a. Isokinetic b. Eccentric c. Isometric d. Concentric

b. Eccentric

A sedentary overweight or obese person should expect which of the following after training? a. Muscle twitching b. Muscle hypertrophy c. Delayed onset muscle soreness d. Joint inflammation

c. Delayed onset muscle soreness

Which of the following is a fair inquiry during a job interview? a. "What is your age?" b. "Where are your parents from?" c. "How long have you been married?" d. "What is your experience in the industry?"

d. "What is your experience in the industry?"

The different categories or types of stress include distress and: a. Panic. b. Antipathy. c. Stress. d. Eustress.

d. Eustress.

Which of the following would you expect to see in an individual with unstable angina? a. Increased heart rate at rest b. Symptoms of leg pain in the calf during walking c. Increased respiratory rate during low exertional stress d. Symptoms of chest pain at rest

d. Symptoms of chest pain at rest

The DXA technique of body composition analysis is currently considered to be the most accurate available, with a standard error of: a. +/- 1.7% b. +/- 2.5% c. +/- 3.5% d. +/- 5%

a. +/- 1.7%

If a 210-pound man has a 1-RM bench press of 150 lbs, what would his bench press weight ratio be? a. 0.71 b. 0.88 c. 1.20 d. 0.50

a. 0.71

It has been suggested that the average American adult has a chronic positive energy balance, resulting in the gain of _______ pounds annually. a. 1-2 b. 2-3 c. 5-7 d. 8-10

a. 1-2

How many days are required to become acclimated to the heat? a. 10 b. 3 c. 1 d. 5

a. 10

A weight loss of what percent is associated with a reduction in health risks? a. 10% b. 5% c. 15% d. 20%

a. 10%

Which is the acceptable range from a health perspective for percentage body fat for men? a. 10%-22% b. 20%-32% c. 5%-10% d. <5%

a. 10%-22%

An ACSM-EP is designing a cardiovascular training program for a deconditioned, 40-year-old female client who has a resting heart rate of 80 bpm. Using the Karvonen method calculated intensity of 40%-50% HRR, which is the correct target heart rate range? a. 140 to 160 bpm b. 120 to 130 bpm c. 117 to 126 bpm d. 72 to 90 bpm

a. 140 to 160 bpm

Which of the following blood pressure readings indicates hypertension? a. 142/91 mm Hg b. 134/80 mm Hg c. 120/67 mm Hg d. 130/88 mm Hg

a. 142/91 mm Hg

Using the heart rate reserve method, what is the target heart rate range for a moderately trained, 35-year-old male client with a resting heart rate of 65? a. 149 to 161 bpm b. 84 to 96 bpm c. 129 to 148 bpm d. 125 to 137 bpm

a. 149 to 161 bpm

Health and fitness benefits occur with at least ______ minutes a week of moderate-intensity physical activity. a. 150 b. 75 c. 180 d. 60

a. 150

Most health benefits occur with at least ________ minutes a week of moderate-intensity physical activity. a. 150 b. 180 c. 60 d. 75

a. 150

Once a blood pressure cuff is inflated, pressure should be released at a rate equal to: a. 2-5 mm Hg per second. b. 10 mm Hg per second. c. 6-8 mm Hg per second. d. 1 mm Hg per second.

a. 2-5 mm Hg per second.

Which of the following activities requires anaerobic glycolysis as an energy source? a. 200-meter sprint b. 100-meter hurdles c. Discus throw d. 1-RM squat

a. 200-meter sprint

A client is measured and found to weigh 75 kg and stand at a height of 72 inches. Calculate the BMI for this individual. a. 22.4 kg/m2 b. 40.9 kg/m2 c. 10.1 kg/m2 d. 25.6 kg/m2

a. 22.4 kg/m2

Which of the following is the recommended aerobic exercise intensity for an individual with chronic kidney disease? a. 40%-59% VO2 reserve b. 50%-80% heart rate reserve c. 40%-59% heart rate reserve d. 60%-89% heart rate reserve

a. 40%-59% VO2 reserve

Healthy weight loss of 1 to 2 pounds per week is the appropriate weight loss recommendation for clients. This would equate to a daily calorie reduction of: a. 500 to 1,000 calories. b. 1,200 calories. c. No more than 500 calories. d. 200 to 400 calories.

a. 500 to 1,000 calories.

What is the recommended duration and frequency of resistance exercise for individuals 6-17 years of age? a. 60 minutes per day, at least three days per week b. 10-20 minutes per day, two to four days per week c. 30 minutes per day, five to seven days per week d. 20 minutes per day, seven days per week

a. 60 minutes per day, at least three days per week

A beginning older adult starting a resistance training program would benefit most from how many repetitions per exercise? a. 8-12 b. 3-5 c. 15-20 d. 6-8

a. 8-12

Which of the following is considered a perceived barrier to exercise? a. A lack of time b. Lack of social support c. Limited access to the exercise facility d. Culturally inappropriate activities

a. A lack of time

An example of eustress is: a. A rewarding job promotion. b. The loss of a job. c. The diagnosis of hypertension. d. A broken bone.

a. A rewarding job promotion.

A traditional or classic periodized training program consists of: a. A straight-line increase in the intensity that trades off between intensity and volume. b. A varying increase in the intensity that alternates weeks between higher volumes and lower volumes. c. A varying increase in the intensity that alternates between higher volumes and lower volumes during training weeks. d. A straight-line increase in the intensity that has a two-week active rest period after each mesocycle.

a. A straight-line increase in the intensity that trades off between intensity and volume.

Which organizations publish formal screening guidelines for those who plan to participate in physical activity? a. ACSM and American Heart Association b. American Heart Association and President's Council on Physical Fitness c. ACSM and American Medical Association d. American Medical Association and PAR-Q+

a. ACSM and American Heart Association

Self-administered questionnaires are less useful for the ACSM-EP because: a. ACSM-EPs typically desire a more extensive health profile for their clients. b. These forms promote underestimation of risk factors. c. Necessity for physician clearance is not evident from self-guided forms. d. Clients are more likely to be dishonest on a self-guided form.

a. ACSM-EPs typically desire a more extensive health profile for their clients.

Waist circumference alone can be used as an indicator of health risk because it reflects the level of: a. Abdominal obesity. b. Gynoid obesity. c. Android obesity. d. Metabolic syndrome risk.

a. Abdominal obesity.

To increase accuracy of submaximal graded exercise testing, the EP-C should: a. Achieve a steady state heart rate within three to four minutes at each workload. b. Inquire if the client has warmed up to the current workload before progressing to the next stage. c. Use rating or perceived exertion to predict maximal heart rate. d. Have the client hydrate at least 30 minutes prior to the assessment.

a. Achieve a steady state heart rate within three to four minutes at each workload.

A specific type of listening that demonstrates complete comprehension of the message through undivided attention and repeating the message back to the speaker is called: a. Active listening. b. Active communication. c. Accelerated communication. d. Accelerated listening.

a. Active listening.

Which joint movement occurs in the frontal plane? a. Adduction b. Circumduction c. Flexion d. Extension

a. Adduction

Your client is a self-motivated teenager who focuses on achieving her goals; however, she does not like sports or exercise and has come to you for help losing weight. The best way to motivate her in order to build self-efficacy would be to: a. Allow her to choose her own activities in order to give her ownership of something she previously did not like. b. Write out specific activities for her to do on a daily basis, but keep the duration short so she has time to adapt. c. Challenge her by encouraging her to sign up for girls track so she is motivated to exercise with her peers. d. Encourage her to weight train with you three times a week to her favorite music so she is self-motivated.

a. Allow her to choose her own activities in order to give her ownership of something she previously did not like.

An established connection between stress and digestive tract problems has been linked to: a. Alterations in bacterial growth in the gut. b. Bloating. c. Excess acid production. d. Reduced blood flow to the digestive tract.

a. Alterations in bacterial growth in the gut.

Which of the following is the correct transition of blood flow throughout the vasculature? a. Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins b. Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, veins, and venules c. Arteries, capillaries, arterioles, venules, and veins d. Arterioles, arteries, capillaries, venules, and veins

a. Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins

When performing plyometric training, training adaptations can be maximized by keeping the amortization phase: a. As short as possible. b. Between one to two seconds. c. Between two to five seconds. d. Between five to ten seconds.

a. As short as possible.

Which of the following is a pulmonary disease that may be triggered by environmental, biochemical, autonomic, immunological, infectious, endocrine, exercise, and psychological factors? a. Asthma b. Emphysema c. Chronic bronchitis d. Pulmonary fibrosis

a. Asthma

AED stands for: a. Automated external defibrillator. b. Anterior exercise defibrillator. c. Anterior external defibrillator. d. Automatic external defibrillator.

a. Automated external defibrillator.

Defining criteria for the hypertension risk factor for cardiovascular disease is: a. BP 140/90 mm Hg or higher. b. BP 130/85 mm Hg or higher. c. BP 150/95 mm Hg or higher. d. BP 120/80 mm Hg or higher.

a. BP 140/90 mm Hg or higher.

To assess a normal and appropriate cardiovascular response to graded exercise, the EP-C should monitor: a. BP and HR before, during, and after exercise. b. Rating of perceived exertion during exercise. c. Carotid or radial pulse during exercise. d. Respiration and ventilation during exercise.

a. BP and HR before, during, and after exercise.

Which of the following is a skill-related parameter that might be addressed in a client's exercise program? a. Balance b. Flexibility c. Aerobic capacity d. Body composition

a. Balance

Which skill-related exercises would be MOST beneficial for older adults? a. Balance and coordination b. Speed and agility c. Power and balance d. Strength and coordination

a. Balance and coordination

Which exercise would recruit the most stabilizer muscles during the lift? a. Barbell front squat b. Supine leg press c. Smith machine squat d. Squat with elastic tubing

a. Barbell front squat

ACSM-EPs should always confirm with clients that their risk classification and health information are accurate and up to date before: a. Beginning exercise testing and/or training. b. Contacting the client's physician. c. Agreeing to take on the client. d. Discussing health history.

a. Beginning exercise testing and/or training.

Attenuated heart rate responses that need to be considered when prescribing exercise intensity are common with which of the following medication types? a. Beta-blockers b. Lipid-lowering drugs c. Insulin d. Aspirin

a. Beta-blockers

A characteristic sign of heart failure or bilateral chronic venous insufficiency is: a. Bilateral ankle edema. b. Unilateral limb edema. c. Generalized edema. d. Anasarca.

a. Bilateral ankle edema.

The role of exercise in treating obesity is most effective when used in combination with: a. Caloric restriction. b. Strength training. c. Neuromotor training. d. Hydration.

a. Caloric restriction.

Exchange of blood gases and other nutrients within various tissues occurs in the ____________. a. Capillaries b. Arteries c. Veins d. Arterioles

a. Capillaries

In the cardiorespiratory system, where does gas and nutrient exchange take place? a. Capillaries b. Veins c. Arterioles d. Arteries

a. Capillaries

The Framingham Heart Study started as a large cohort study in 1948 with the purpose of identifying and examining the effects of various risk factors for the development of which disease process? a. Cardiovascular disease b. Neuromotor disease c. Pulmonary disease d. Metabolic disease

a. Cardiovascular disease

Stress-related changes to blood composition over the long term promote the development of: a. Cardiovascular disease. b. Stroke. c. Hypertension. d. Heart attack.

a. Cardiovascular disease.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires employers to provide which of the following for employees who may come in contact with potential hazards? a. Cautions and warnings through written and posted notices b. Designation of a staff person to handle potentially hazardous materials c. Training only during employee orientation on minimizing contact with hazards d. Access to emergency showers and handwashing stations

a. Cautions and warnings through written and posted notices

A muscle generates enough force to overcome an external resistance and shortens. This is known as which type of action? a. Concentric b. Isokinetic c. Eccentric d. Isometric

a. Concentric

A new fitness and postrehabilitation center is opening. Management plans to conduct criminal background checks on prospective employees. Management should first: a. Consult with legal counsel and verify the legality of this action. b. Obtain written permission for a background check from each candidate. c. Determine which types of criminal behavior would disqualify a candidate. d. Obtain a subpoena from the court before conducting a background check.

a. Consult with legal counsel and verify the legality of this action.

The benefits of physical activity would outweigh the risk for which of the following? a. Controlled Type 1 diabetes b. Acute myocardial infaction one day prior c. Unstable angina d. Acute systemic infection

a. Controlled Type 1 diabetes

Although the terms "theory" and "model" are sometimes used interchangeably, they differ in that a model: a. Depicts a behavior or situation hypothetically. b. Examines the relationship between health behavior variables. c. Attempts to understand the variables underlying a particular behavior. d. Addresses the variables that influence health behavior.

a. Depicts a behavior or situation hypothetically.

Which of the following hemodynamic variables have an inverse relationship and are heavily influenced by one another during exercise? a. Diastolic blood pressure and total peripheral resistance b. Diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure c. Systolic blood pressure and total peripheral resistance d. Systolic blood pressure and heart rate

a. Diastolic blood pressure and total peripheral resistance

Which of the following is a sign or symptom suggestive of cardiovascular disease? a. Discomfort in the neck and jaw after carrying a heavy suitcase for several minutes b. Dizziness after quickly moving from a lying to standing position c. Dull pain in the low back while touching the toes d. Shortness of breath after climbing several flights of stairs

a. Discomfort in the neck and jaw after carrying a heavy suitcase for several minutes

Medications that affect heart rate and/or blood pressure response during exercise include: a. Diuretics. b. Sleeping pills. c. NSAIDs. d. Antidepressants.

a. Diuretics.

The GREATEST risk of over-the-counter medications for clients with chronic conditions is: a. Drug interaction. b. Based on history of over-the-counter medication use. c. Overdose. d. Minimal to nonexistent.

a. Drug interaction.

Which of the following is the most appropriate time to incorporate stress management techniques? a. During the cool-down. b. During the warm-up. c. During the most intense portion of the exercise session. d. During the least intense portion of the exercise session.

a. During the cool-down.

Which type of exercise is indicated for someone with tendonitis who is still experiencing pain? a. Eccentric training b. Concentric training c. Isometric training d. Isokinetic training

a. Eccentric training

For individuals who are borderline hypertensive, the recommended intervention is: a. Endurance exercise. b. ACE inhibitors. c. Diuretics. d. Beta blockade.

a. Endurance exercise.

For athletes seeking to optimize performance, diets that are severely energy deficient should not be recommended because: a. Energy requirements cannot be met to sustain power output. b. Lean body mass is compromised. c. This will lead to significant weight loss. d. Compliance is too difficult long term.

a. Energy requirements cannot be met to sustain power output.

The emergency medical policy is the MOST critical facility policy because it functions primarily to: a. Ensure that minor problems do not escalate into major incidents and that major incidents do not intensify to fatal events. b. Demonstrate competence of staff during potential emergency procedures. c. Protect the staff and facility against claims of negligence. d. Minimize any potential trauma that members may experience during an emergency event.

a. Ensure that minor problems do not escalate into major incidents and that major incidents do not intensify to fatal events.

The key to determining optimal rest period lengths is to: a. Establish in relation to a training goal. b. Use a percentage of 1-RM. c. Perform a VO2 test. d. Perform the step test.

a. Establish in relation to a training goal.

Which of the following commonly refers to the physiologic state where exercise has stopped but VO2 levels remain elevated? a. Excess postexericse oxygen consumption b. Postexericse debt c. Ventilatory elevation d. Cool-down

a. Excess postexericse oxygen consumption

Which of the following is considered an extrinsic risk factor for musculoskeletal injury? a. Excessive load on the body b. Strength imbalances c. Joint laxity d. Body composition

a. Excessive load on the body

A statement that may exist within a waiver that releases the instructor from liability due to any negligence is known as a(n): a. Exculpatory clause b. Assumption of risk c. Informed consent d. Assumption of risk defense

a. Exculpatory clause

Which of the following is TRUE of training and its effect on heart rate? a. Exercise training has little impact on maximal heart rate. b. Exercise training increases exercise heart rate at a given submaximal workload. c. Exercise training increases maximal heart rate until age 20. d. Exercise training decreases heart rate at maximal workload.

a. Exercise training has little impact on maximal heart rate.

Allowing an elderly, obese client to perform box jumps is an example of: a. Extreme negligence. b. Inherent risk. c. No fault conduct. d. Standard of care.

a. Extreme negligence.

Positive feedback is an example of what type of motivation? a. Extrinsic b. Self-monitoring c. Active d. Intrinsic

a. Extrinsic

Your client wants to be physically active to lose weight and reduce stress. Her motivation can best be characterized as: a. Extrinsic. b. Autonomous. c. Self-determined. d. Intrinsic.

a. Extrinsic.

Which of the following is considered a cardiovascular disease risk factor? a. Fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL b. BMI ≥25 c. LDL cholesterol <40 mg/dL d. Systolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg

a. Fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL

When hypertension is present, arterioles lose elasticity due to the increased presence of: a. Fibrous collagen tissue. b. LDL-C particles. c. HDL-C particles. d. Epinephrine.

a. Fibrous collagen tissue.

Fatgue and nausea are common occurrences during which phase of pregnancy? a. First trimester b. Second trimester c. Third trimester d. Throughout pregnancy

a. First trimester

Which of the following exercise protocols is most appropriate for a client who wants to increase muscular hypertrophy? a. Four sets, 80% 1-RM; 10 repetitions per set; five days per week b. Six sets, 60% 1-RM; 5 repetitions; four days per week c. Three sets, 85% 1-RM; 4 repetitions; six days per week d. Five sets, 40% 1-RM, 15 repetitions, three days per week

a. Four sets, 80% 1-RM; 10 repetitions per set; five days per week

Exercise prescription parameters for clients with osteoporosis include which respective recommendations for frequency, intensity, and duration? a. Four to five days, 40%-59% VO2max, for 30 to 60 minutes b. Three to five days, 75%-85% VO2max, for 30 to 60 minutes c. Four to seven days, 65%-75% VO2max, for 30 to 60 minutes d. Two to three days, 40%-59% VO2max, for 20 minutes

a. Four to five days, 40%-59% VO2max, for 30 to 60 minutes

When a client extends the hips and knees from a parallel squat position to a standing position, which muscles perform the concentric action at these joints? a. Gluteus maximus and quadriceps b. Hamstrings and gluteus maximus c. Hamstrings and gracilis d. Gluteus minimus and sartorius

a. Gluteus maximus and quadriceps

According to social cognitive theory, individual-based self-regulation involves: a. Goal setting. b. Peer-monitoring. c. Relapses. d. Environmental factors.

a. Goal setting.

Which of the following activities relies primarily on the creatine phosphate energy system? a. Golf swing b. Gymnastics routine c. 400-meter sprint d. 200-meter swim

a. Golf swing

Which of the following would be considered a good nonverbal cue to build client rapport? a. Good eye contact b. Being sincere c. Sharing a story d. Affirm client strengths

a. Good eye contact

A 66-year-old male completes the PAR-Q+. He answers "YES" to question #1 on page 1. He then completes pages 2 and 3 as directed, answering "NO" to all questions on pages 2 and 3. What is the recommended course of action for this individual? a. He may begin participating in physical activity, starting at a low/moderate intensity and volume and progressing slowly b. He may begin vigorous exercise immediately c. He should seek medical clearance prior to initiation of physical activity d. He should participate in a diagnostic exercise test

a. He may begin participating in physical activity, starting at a low/moderate intensity and volume and progressing slowly

Heart rate drift or cardiovascular drift occurs when: a. Heart rate increases due to a decrease in stroke volume. b. Heart rate decreases due to an increased blood flow to the working muscle. c. Heart rate increases due to increased mean arterial pressure. d. Heart rate decreases due to a decrease in stroke volume.

a. Heart rate increases due to a decrease in stroke volume.

During childhood, lung function measures usually increase with age, mainly as a function of: a. Height. b. Weight. c. Activity level. d. Maturation level.

a. Height.

According to the social ecological model, what can the ACSM-EP do to help make physical activity interventions effective? a. Help the client choose new home exercise equipment b. Focus on an exercise prescription based on client preference c. Promote attendance in group fitness classes d. Encourage the use of nutritional supplements

a. Help the client choose new home exercise equipment

Symptoms of a first-degree muscle-tendon unit strain include: a. Hemorrhage near the muscle-tendon junction. b. Loss of strength. c. Joint instability. d. Severe edema.

a. Hemorrhage near the muscle-tendon junction.

Gender differences among children/adolescents related to body composition, blood hemoglobin differences, and sedentary behaviors can lead to: a. Higher VO2 peak values in boys. b. Higher peak VO2 values in girls. c. Higher absolute strength in boys. d. Higher relative strength in boys.

a. Higher VO2 peak values in boys.

At the minimum, the health history questionnaire should assess a client's: a. History of various diseases and illnesses. b. Diet and supplement intake. c. Current activity patterns. d. Elective surgery history.

a. History of various diseases and illnesses.

Metabolic syndrome may involve the clustering of which combination of risk factors? a. Hyperglycemia, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, or central adiposity b. Hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or smoking c. Elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, central adiposity, or sedentary lifestyle d. Dyslipidemia, central adiposity, age, or elevated blood pressure

a. Hyperglycemia, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, or central adiposity

The tendency of a muscle to tighten or have a lower activation threshold is known as: a. Hypertonicity. b. Inhibition. c. Proprioception. d. Hypotonicity.

a. Hypertonicity.

What are the four phases of traditional linear periodization? a. Hypertrophy, strength/power, peak, and recovery b. Strength/power, hypertrophy, recovery, and peak c. Hypertrophy, recovery, strength/power, and peak d. Strength/power, hypertrophy, peak, and recovery

a. Hypertrophy, strength/power, peak, and recovery

Long duration exercise events in a cold environment increase the risk of: a. Hypothermia. b. Heat exhaustion. c. Heat stroke. d. Heat cramps.

a. Hypothermia.

For most individuals with low back pain, which of the following modes of exercise may help alleviate symptoms? a. Improving muscular endurance of the core b. Maintaining a retracted scapular position during movement c. Improving the amount of weight that can be deadlifted d. Improving the amount of weight that can be squatted

a. Improving muscular endurance of the core

Which of the following is considered an intrinsic risk factor for musculoskeletal injury? a. Inadequate conditioning b. Adverse environmental conditions c. Speed of movement d. Training errors

a. Inadequate conditioning

Your client can leg press one set of 12 repetitions, with a 50 kg load. What weight and repetition range would be most appropriate for progression? a. Increase weight to 55 kg and decrease reps to 8 b. Increase weight to 65 kg and decrease reps to 6 c. Keep weight the same and increase reps to 15 d. Increase weight to 60 kg and keep reps at 12

a. Increase weight to 55 kg and decrease reps to 8

The primary contributors for the cause of obesity are: a. Increased caloric consumption and decreased activity. b. Increased insulin resistance and triglyceride levels. c. Increased growth hormone. d. Low circulating blood insulin.

a. Increased caloric consumption and decreased activity.

An important health-related implication of regular participation in resistance training is: a. Increased functional independence. b. Decreased cardiorespiratory fitness. c. Higher blood glucose levels. d. Diminished bone mass.

a. Increased functional independence.

During pregnancy, hormonal changes often lead to: a. Increased joint laxity. b. Decreased joint laxity. c. Decreased joint range of motion. d. Increased muscular strength.

a. Increased joint laxity.

Professionally supervised screening, under the guidance of an ACSM-EP, should include which of the following? a. Informed consent process b. Diagnostic exercise test c. Collection of a blood sample d. A physical examination

a. Informed consent process

In the self-determination theory of behavior change, intrinsic motivation refers to: a. Inherent willingness to engage in physical activity. b. Social competence around exercise. c. Perceived value of activity. d. Motivation based on goal setting.

a. Inherent willingness to engage in physical activity.

The pain that occurs in muscles with inadequate blood supply because they are stressed by exercise is referred to as: a. Intermittent claudication. b. Lymphatic blockage. c. Bradycardia. d. Venous insufficiency.

a. Intermittent claudication.

The symptom, common with peripheral artery disease, that is characterized by repeatable aching, cramping, or fatigue in the lower leg muscles is known as: a. Intermittent claudication. b. Stable angina. c. Unstable angina. d. Dyspnea.

a. Intermittent claudication.

Muscle spindles are comprised of three to 10 specialized muscle fibers referred to as _____________ muscle fibers. a. Intrafusal b. Extrafusal c. Alpha d. Gamma

a. Intrafusal

Your client states that she enjoys exercising and feeling the "burning sensation" in her muscles. This statement indicates that she learns best through: a. Intrinsic motivation. b. Extrinsic motivation. c. Program design skills. d. Self-esteem.

a. Intrinsic motivation.

Which of the following is MOST accurate regarding submaximal exercise testing? a. It is generally considered safe for most individuals b. It requires medical supervision from a physician or other trained professional c. It requires medical clearance from the client's primary health care provider d. It is indicated for individuals under 45 years of age

a. It is generally considered safe for most individuals

Which of the following soft tissues contributes the most relatively to the stiffness of a given joint? a. Joint capsule b. Muscle tissue c. Tendons d. Skin

a. Joint capsule

Continuous exercise above _________________ has consistently been shown to reduce negative moods during exercise. a. Lactate threshold b. VO2 max c. A HR of 100 bpm d. A MET level of 5

a. Lactate threshold

What is the order of periodization cycles from longest to shortest in duration? a. Macrocycle, mesocycle, microcycle b. Microcycle, mesocycle, macrocycle c. Mesocycle, macrocycle, microcycle d. Macrocycle, microcycle, mesocycle

a. Macrocycle, mesocycle, microcycle

During the process of atherosclerosis, arterial foam cells are formed when LDL-C particles are oxidized by: a. Macrophages. b. Platelets. c. Endothelial cells. d. Plaque.

a. Macrophages.

Which of the following is an example of sexual harassment? a. Making offensive comments about women in general b. Inviting a coworker to a social gathering after work c. Teasing a coworker about the outcome of a softball game d. Telling a self-deprecating joke about being embarrassed

a. Making offensive comments about women in general

Which of the following includes characteristics of central obesity? a. Male waist-hip ratio of 0.91 b. Female waist circumference of 85 cm c. Male waist circumference of 100 cm d. Female waist-hip ratio of 0.83

a. Male waist-hip ratio of 0.91

Symptoms of a second-degree ligament sprain include: a. Moderate swelling. b. Severe loss of function. c. Severe swelling. d. Severe joint instability.

a. Moderate swelling.

A partial impairment of coronary artery blood flow will MOST likely result in: a. Myocardial ischemia. b. Myocardial infarction. c. Myocardial shortening. d. Myocardial necrosis.

a. Myocardial ischemia.

Failure to adhere to the standard of care can result in liability for _______________. a. Negligence b. Malpractice c. Harrassment d. Accountability

a. Negligence

Which of the following demonstrates that the ACSM-EP is actively listening to the client? a. Nodding the head and making appropriate eye contact b. Providing personal experiences to demonstrate empathy c. Using appropriate slang and metaphors that are culturally appropriate d. Looking down and away to make the client feel more comfortable

a. Nodding the head and making appropriate eye contact

________ is/are believed to be more reliable and essential to understanding another person than ________. a. Nonverbal cues; speech b. Speech; nonverbal cues c. Content; speech d. Speech; content

a. Nonverbal cues; speech

In active listening, feedback should be offered: a. Once the sender and receiver agree the original message was accurately conveyed and interpreted. b. As immediately as possible because that is when the sender is most receptive. c. If the sender and receiver have agreed in advance that the interaction will include feedback. d. Only when requested to ensure the feedback is well received.

a. Once the sender and receiver agree the original message was accurately conveyed and interpreted.

A first degree strain can be described as: a. One with a few torn fibers. b. One with almost one-half of fibers torn. c. One with all fibers torn. d. One with complete dislocation.

a. One with a few torn fibers.

Water-based exercises are MOST appropriate for populations with which of the following conditions? a. Osteoarthritis b. Claudication c. Hypertension d. Osteoporosis

a. Osteoarthritis

VO2 is lower than required to create adequate energy during exercise via the oxidative energy systems. This is known as: a. Oxygen deficit. b. VO2 decrement. c. Oxygen debt. d. VO2 insufficiency.

a. Oxygen deficit.

What is the most influential source of self-efficacy? a. Past performance experience b. Imagined experience c. Vicarious experience d. Emotional state

a. Past performance experience

Which of the following muscles would be a stretching target if a client is determined to have forward head posture? a. Pectoralis minor b. Rhomboids c. Lower trapezius d. Teres minor

a. Pectoralis minor

The most common way to assess the perception of chronic stress level is by use of the: a. Perceived Stress Scale. b. Cognitive Behavior Scale. c. Health Assessment Continuum. d. Perceived Exertion Scale.

a. Perceived Stress Scale.

Which of the following strategies can enhance strength training when no further progress is being made? a. Periodically varying the exercises b. Maintaining the same volume, sets, and repetitions while varying strength training equipment c. Performing longer warm-ups or cardiovascular training prior to strength training d. Increasing the rest periods between sets and exercises

a. Periodically varying the exercises

Which principle can help reduce the risk of overtraining? a. Periodization b. SAID c. Progressive overload d. Specificity

a. Periodization

Which of the following allows for a self-guided screening prior to physical activity? a. Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire-Plus b. Global Physical Activity Questionnaire c. Minnesota Leisure Time Activity Survey d. Jenkins Activity Survey

a. Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire-Plus

Females are at a greater risk for specific types of sprains and strains. One factor that may increase this risk is: a. Poor landing mechanics. b. Body composition. c. Lower relative strength. d. Bone density.

a. Poor landing mechanics.

The condition present when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure can be defined as a: a. Positive energy balance. b. Negative energy balance. c. Neutral energy balance. d. Total daily energy balance.

a. Positive energy balance.

A novice client who is here for the summer plans to work with you to get fit and lose weight. The MOST effective way to help her to become regularly active and work toward her goal would be to: a. Provide an initial positive exercise experience focusing on various modes. b. Inform her about different types of exercise, and invite her to attend a group strength class. c. Lead her through a challenging workout to tap into her intrinsic motivation. d. Design a challenging program so she can experience the positive benefits of exercise.

a. Provide an initial positive exercise experience focusing on various modes.

Community-based exercise programs such as cycling clubs or intramural sports are great options for clients because they are structured activities and also: a. Provide social support. b. Require accountability. c. Teach the client new skills. d. Are located close to the client's home.

a. Provide social support.

Because clients will have different levels of experience using various machines for exercises, you should: a. Provide specific instructions and supervision. b. Start with open kinetic chain exercises before moving on to closed kinetic chain exercises. c. Start with closed chain exercises before moving on to open chain exercises. d. Advise clients to use equipment they are comfortable with.

a. Provide specific instructions and supervision.

Which of the following is an endurance exercise training adaptation that benefits those with coronary artery disease? a. Provides relief of symptoms b. Increases maximal heart rate c. Decreases stores of ATP d. Decreases rate pressure product

a. Provides relief of symptoms

Which of the following is an example of an exercise that may increase range of motion of the involved joints? a. Pull-ups b. Cycling c. Jogging d. Abdominal curl-ups

a. Pull-ups

Which of the following assessments measures muscular endurance? a. Push-up test b. 1-RM test c. Sit-and-reach test d. Rockport One-Mile Fitness Walking Test

a. Push-up test

Which of the following exercise variations would be the most challenging? a. Push-up with feet suspended in the air in straps b. Push-up from the knees c. Push-up with hands holding dumbbells d. Push-up with the feet close together

a. Push-up with feet suspended in the air in straps

Which of the following exercise intensities would be BEST for a pregnant woman? a. RPE of 5-6 (0-10 scale) b. 50% to 60% of HRR c. 60% to 75% of VO2max d. 60% to 70% of HRR

a. RPE of 5-6 (0-10 scale)

Which of the following is the MOST appropriate measure of exercise intensity for a client on medication with cardiovascular disease? a. Rating of perceived exertion b. Percent maximal heart rate c. Percent VO2max d. Heart rate reserve

a. Rating of perceived exertion

When exercising at a higher altitude, what must an unacclimatized individual modify in order to maintain the same relative intensity of exercise? a. Reduce the absolute intensity of exercise b. Increase the duration of exercise c. Increase respiratory minute ventilation d. Increase exercise heart rate

a. Reduce the absolute intensity of exercise

To minimize error in assessing blood pressure, the client must: a. Refrain from smoking cigarettes or ingesting caffeine for at least 30 minutes preceding the measurement. b. Allow the EP-C to inflate the cuff to 40 mm Hg above the first Korotkoff sound. c. Let the arm that is being measured hang completely relaxed by their side. d. Lie down quietly for at least five minutes before the measurement.

a. Refrain from smoking cigarettes or ingesting caffeine for at least 30 minutes preceding the measurement.

Secondary hypertension is typically associated with causes such as: a. Renal disease. b. Family history. c. Excessive caffeine intake. d. Increased triglycerides.

a. Renal disease.

Which of the following is MOST accurate as it relates to total energy expenditure? a. Resting energy expenditure makes up the majority of calories expended regardless of activity levels. b. Fat mass has a positive influence on resting energy expenditure. c. The thermic effect of food consists of approximately half of total energy expenditure. d. Physical activity consists of approximately half of total energy expenditure.

a. Resting energy expenditure makes up the majority of calories expended regardless of activity levels.

The decision to include resistance training with an individual with diabetes may hinge upon the presence of: a. Retinopathy. b. Intermittent claudication. c. Mild dyspnea. d. Elevated blood pressure.

a. Retinopathy.

Deborah recently went through menopause and is finding that maintaining her weight isn't as easy as it used to be and she would like to lose weight. Her husband is not supportive of exercise, and Deborah is not motivated without his support. What is the best exercise self-regulation strategy for helping Deborah begin a successful exercise program? a. Revisit Deborah's motivations for exercise, and encourage her to replace her weight-loss goals with goals related to meeting new people, relieving stress, and feeling good. b. Deborah should be motivated through using tape measurements and scale measurements at least once a week so she can see she is on target to lose weight. c. Encourage Deborah to set a goal of losing 2 lbs a week so she has something measurable to attain each and every week. d. Consider encouraging Deborah to have a serious conversation with her husband about how important staying active is to her and how she needs his support in order to be successful.

a. Revisit Deborah's motivations for exercise, and encourage her to replace her weight-loss goals with goals related to meeting new people, relieving stress, and feeling good.

Which of the following is the smallest contractile unit within a muscle? a. Sarcomere b. Actin c. Troponin d. Myosin

a. Sarcomere

A myofibril consists of many _____ and groups of these make up a single _________. a. Sarcomeres; muscle fiber b. Fascicles; perimysium c. Muscle fibers; sarcomere d. Endomysiums; epimysium

a. Sarcomeres; muscle fiber

USDA dietary guidelines recommend no more than 10% of calories from: a. Saturated fat. b. Alcohol. c. Monounsaturated fat. d. Polyunsaturated fat.

a. Saturated fat.

Which of the following is considered a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease? a. Sedentary lifestyle b. BMI of 27 c. HDL of 70 mg/dL d. Woman, age 45

a. Sedentary lifestyle

Which of the following is considered a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease? a. Sedentary lifestyle b. Woman, age 45 c. BMI of 27 d. HDL = 70

a. Sedentary lifestyle

A client's belief in their ability to succeed is defined as which of the following? a. Self-efficacy b. Self-esteem c. Confidence d. Pride

a. Self-efficacy

Which of the following has the most impact to help a client transition from one stage of change to the next? a. Self-efficacy b. Role models c. Self-directed goals d. Health concerns

a. Self-efficacy

Which of the following is the BEST way to minimize the risk of musculoskeletal injury as a client begins an exercise program? a. Set realistic exercise goals for the program b. Use programs that are effective with other clients c. Avoid the use of free weights for strength training d. Utilize lower-intensity, longer-duration cardio exercise

a. Set realistic exercise goals for the program

Exercise should be terminated when a pregnant women shows which of the following signs or symptoms? a. Shortness of breath prior to exertion b. Elevated heart rate during the first five minutes c. Exercise intensity of more than 10 on the RPE scale of 6-20 d. Increase in systolic blood pressure by 10 mm Hg

a. Shortness of breath prior to exertion

Using the ACSM risk factor thresholds to determine physical activity readiness for a client, the tenth edition of Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription suggests focusing on physical activity history, the presence of diagnosed CMR disease, and: a. Signs/symptoms suggestive of CMR disease. b. Client age. c. Risk factor number. d. Body weight.

a. Signs/symptoms suggestive of CMR disease.

Which of the following assesses flexibility? a. Step test b. Sit-and-reach test c. Curl-up test d. Push-up test

a. Sit-and-reach test

Vigorous exercise, per the ACSM risk classification, is activity at what MET level? a. Six b. Five c. Three to five d. Three to less than six

a. Six

During pregnancy, an increase in tidal volume with normal respiratory rate occurs due to: a. Slight flaring of the lower ribs. b. Increased thoracic curvature. c. Increased lumbar curvature. d. Development of acute anterior pelvic tilt.

a. Slight flaring of the lower ribs.

Which of the following represents the ACSM-recommended sequence for proper exercise order? a. Snatch, barbell back squat, bodyweight row, biceps curl b. Barbell back squat, snatch, bodyweight row, biceps curl c. Bodyweight row, snatch, barbell back squat, biceps curl d. Biceps curl, snatch, bodyweight row, barbell back squat

a. Snatch, barbell back squat, bodyweight row, biceps curl

The degree to which any reasonable or prudent ACSM-EP would follow the same actions in a given set of circumstances is considered: a. Standard of care. b. Professional standards. c. Code of ethics. d. Scope of practice.

a. Standard of care.

A client who hangs an exercise adherence calendar in a prominent spot is demonstrating: a. Stimulus control. b. Modeling. c. Instrinsic motivation. d. Observational learning.

a. Stimulus control.

An injury to muscle is considered a _______. a. Strain b. Bursitis c. Contusion d. Sprain

a. Strain

The functions of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems are to: a. Supply oxygen and remove waste products from the body. b. Maintain body metabolism at rest and during various workloads. c. Maintain thermogenesis and core temperature. d. Break down fuel and generate ATP production.

a. Supply oxygen and remove waste products from the body.

Which of the following recreational activities would be MOST appropriate for an apparently healthy pregnant woman? a. Swimming b. Cross-country skiing at 7,000 feet c. Cycling outdoors d. Scuba diving

a. Swimming

In the _____ circulation, the arteries and arterioles carry ______ blood. a. Systemic, oxygenated b. Pulmonary, oxygenated c. Coronary, deoxygenated d. Systemic, deoxygenated

a. Systemic, oxygenated

Immunity granted to those persons who in good faith try to protect, serve, and tend to others who are injured or ill is known as: a. The Good Samaritan Law. b. Case law. c. Common law. d. Constitutional law.

a. The Good Samaritan Law.

Keeping client fitness assessment information and medical history forms locked in a cabinet inside a locked office is an example of compliance with which act/law? a. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act b. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 c. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration d. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

a. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

During resistance training, it is important not to perform: a. The Valsalva maneuver. b. Less than 15 reps. c. More than 4 reps. d. A circuit.

a. The Valsalva maneuver.

When meeting with a client for the initial consultation, the client reports not being physically active (fails to meet minimum requirements). The client does not possess any diagnosed CMR diseases, nor does the client present with any signs/symptoms of CMR disease. What is the recommended course of action according to the ACSM preparticipation screening algorithm? a. The client may begin a light/moderate-intensity exercise program b. The client may begin a vigorous-intensity exercise program c. The client should discontinue and seek medical clearance d. The client should participate in an ACSM-EP supervised diagnostic exercise test

a. The client may begin a light/moderate-intensity exercise program

One of the MOST important reasons for assessment of your client's body composition is: a. The correlation between obesity and increased chronic disease risk. b. To determine client fitness level. c. To provide a baseline for goal setting. d. So that percentage body fat can be factored into program design.

a. The correlation between obesity and increased chronic disease risk.

Hydrostatic, or underwater, weighing directly measures body density and is possible due to the fact that: a. The density of muscle and bone are higher than the density of water. b. The density of fat is higher than the density of water. c. The density of muscle and bone is the same as the density of water. d. The density of fat is the same as the density of water.

a. The density of muscle and bone are higher than the density of water.

When performing goniometry, the fulcrum of the goniometer should be properly aligned to: a. The joint axis of rotation. b. The anatomical reference point for the distal body segment. c. The anatomical reference point for the proximal body segment. d. The site of tendon attachment.

a. The joint axis of rotation.

The principle stating that the rate and magnitude of training-induced adaptations will become limited if training variables remain constant is known as: a. The law of diminishing returns. b. The SAID principle. c. The principle of reversability. d. The principle of specificity.

a. The law of diminishing returns.

Which of the following activities requires the creatine phosphate system to be utilized? a. The long jump b. 400-meter sprint c. 800-meter sprint d. 10 repetitions maximum bench press

a. The long jump

Which of the following is a criterion used to determine if an individual could be classifed as sedentary/physically inactive? a. The performance of at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity, on at least five days per week, performed for at least three months. b. The performance of at least 30 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity, on at least two days per week, performed for at least three months. c. The performance of at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity, on at least five days per week, performed for at least one month. d. The performance of at least 30 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity, on at least three days per week, performed for at least one month.

a. The performance of at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity, on at least five days per week, performed for at least three months.

The term metabolic rate is defined as: a. The rate at which calories are expended. b. The rate at which muscles are broken down. c. The rate at which carbohydrates are converted into energy. d. The rate at which fat is converted to energy.

a. The rate at which calories are expended.

Which of the following is an example of an ACSM-EP adhering to the standard of care and minimizing assumption of legal liability? a. The use of appropriate waivers and assumption of risk forms b. Speaking to a coworker while a new client is performing a bench press c. Skipping a component of the fitness evaluation because the client was late d. Allowing liability insurance to expire

a. The use of appropriate waivers and assumption of risk forms

Which of the following changes takes place in arteriovenous oxygen difference in response to exercise? a. There is an increase in a-VO2 difference with increasing exercise intensity. b. Oxygen in venous blood increases by 5 ml · dL−1. c. There in a decrease in a-VO2 difference with increasing exercise intensity. d. Oxygen in arterial blood increases by 5 ml · dL−1.

a. There is an increase in a-VO2 difference with increasing exercise intensity.

Which of the following is a primary disadvantage of utilizing field tests to predict VO2max? a. They are dependent on client effort b. Outdoor testing is limited by environmental conditions c. More personnel may be required depending on the size of the group d. Some field tests may require advanced motor skills to complete

a. They are dependent on client effort

Clients who learn to become intrinsically motivated to exercise do so for which of the following reasons? a. They feel better when they do b. It allows them to eat whatever they want c. It helps prevent weight gain d. They can impress their circle of friends

a. They feel better when they do

Possible muscle spasm may occur with which of the following injuries? a. Third-degree contusion b. Second-degree contusion c. Third-degree ligament sprain d. Third-degree muscle strain

a. Third-degree contusion

How can the following stated goal be made 'SMART'? Thomas is an experienced runner. He runs a 20-minute 5K, and states that he wants to cut two minutes off of his best time for the next upcoming race in 1 month. a. This goal is likely unobtainable, and he should seek to reduce his best time by 15-30 seconds. b. This goal is not relevant, Thomas should seek to improve his muscular strength. c. This goal is not time-bound. d. This goal needs to be more specific.

a. This goal is likely unobtainable, and he should seek to reduce his best time by 15-30 seconds.

The Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire-Plus (PAR-Q+) is more effective in identifying: a. Those at high risk. b. Those with poor activity tolerance. c. Those at low risk. d. Those with high activity tolerance.

a. Those at high risk.

Following the FITT principles for persons with chronic disease, what is the recommended frequency of aerobic exercise for an individual with pulmonary disease? a. Three to five days per week b. Three to seven days per week c. One to two days per week d. Five to seven days per week

a. Three to five days per week

Upon return to sea level, acclimatization to altitude has been shown to last up to: a. Three weeks. b. One week. c. Two weeks. d. Three days.

a. Three weeks.

When performing a skinfold assessment, the ACSM-EP should firmly grasp the skinfold between the _______ and _________ of the ________hand, 1 cm above the site to be measured. a. Thumb, index finger, left b. Thumb, index finger, right c. Thumb, middle finger, left d. Thumb, middle finger, right

a. Thumb, index finger, left

During graded exercise, which of the following occurs due to large muscle vasodilation? a. Total peripheral resistance may drop slightly b. Total peripheral resistance may increase exponentially to compensate c. Systolic blood pressure will decrease d. Diastolic blood pressure will increase

a. Total peripheral resistance may drop slightly

As it relates to behavior modification, which of the following does NOT require a client to be committed to behavior change? a. Transtheoretical model of change b. Theory of planned behavior c. Self-cognitive theory d. Health belief model

a. Transtheoretical model of change

The need to constantly monitor blood glucose before, during, and after exercise is an important precaution for clients with: a. Type 2 diabetes. b. COPD. c. Hyperlipidemia. d. Obesity.

a. Type 2 diabetes.

Which muscle fiber type is predominant in a 10,000-meter runner? a. Type I b. Type IIa c. Type IIb d. Typer IIx

a. Type I

Your new client is training four to six times a week for a 5K race but is not progressing as fast as she planned. To help her improve her performance using social cognitive theory, which of the following is most appropriate? a. Understand her attitude toward training b. Provide a program card to record activities c. Evaluate her training achievements d. Increase the number of training sessions

a. Understand her attitude toward training

Which of the following is an effective method for transitioning from the preparation phase to the action phase? a. Use reinforcement to reward steps toward being active. b. Discuss relapse prevention strategies. c. Visualize how one would feel if they were physically active. d. Explore potential solutions to their physical activity barriers.

a. Use reinforcement to reward steps toward being active.

Obesity is defined as: a. Waist circumference of 40 inches in men. b. BMI of 29. c. Waist circumference of 34 inches in women. d. BMI of 25.

a. Waist circumference of 40 inches in men.

Which of the following assessments BEST determines body fat distribution? a. Waist-to-hip ratio b. Bioelectrical impedance analysis c. Skinfold measurement d. Body mass index

a. Waist-to-hip ratio

Which activity is recommended for all adults regardless of fitness level? a. Walking b. Swimming c. Rowing d. Hiking

a. Walking

Business owners are legally required to identify and eliminate reasonably foreseeable risks and to: a. Warn customers of any persistently hazardous conditions. b. Mitigate risk potential due to staff incompetence. c. Visibly display information on emergency procedures. d. Hire only appropriately credentialed Certified Exercise Physiologists.

a. Warn customers of any persistently hazardous conditions.

Which of the following statements about flexibility is the MOST accurate? a. With age, collagen fibers become more rigid and more resistant to stretching b. Males typically have more flexibility in the lower extremity than females c. Any buildup of scar tissue after injury often causes flexibility to plateau d. Flexibility naturally increases with age because of a decrease in collagen levels

a. With age, collagen fibers become more rigid and more resistant to stretching

The undulating, or nonlinear, model of periodization differs from linear periodization in that resistance training variables cycle: a. Within a given week. b. Within in a given month. c. Within a given cycle. d. Within a given year.

a. Within a given week.

When a client takes the PAR-Q+ test, she should be referred to her doctor if she answers: a. Yes to any of the follow-up questions on pages 2 and 3 b. Yes to two or more questions on page 1. c. No to any questions. d. Yes to three or more questions on page 1.

a. Yes to any of the follow-up questions on pages 2 and 3

The major purpose of motivational interviewing is to: a. encourage the client to take the lead in discovering and considering impact of actions/attitudes toward a specific behavior. b. encourage the client to seek social support and the reliance on others for the accomplishment of behavior change. c. encourage the client to disregard attitudes/past actions and 'push through it.' d. encourage clients to set lofty goals.

a. encourage the client to take the lead in discovering and considering impact of actions/attitudes toward a specific behavior.

A client tells the ACSM-EP about a new diet he is considering. He has friends that are following the diet with great weight-loss results. Which of the following recommendations is most appropriate? a. "Adjust the diet to your personal preferences and proceed with caution." b. "Consider what your optimal dietary needs are and work to adopt permanent dietary changes." c. "It seems to be working for your friends. As long as they say it is safe you should be fine." d. "Try the diet for one week and then meet with a registered dietitian to discuss the pros and cons."

b. "Consider what your optimal dietary needs are and work to adopt permanent dietary changes."

During an appointment with an ACSM-EP, an obese client says, "I'm here because I want to be healthier." A good response would be: a. "I can put you on a great weight-loss program." b. "Help me understand what being healthy means to you." c. "Let's start with a diet plan for you." d. "Do you prefer to lose weight with cardiovascular exercise or diet restriction?"

b. "Help me understand what being healthy means to you."

In reviewing your client's medical history, you note that she is on lipid-lowering medication and her high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is 62 mg · dL−1. Based on her profile, how many total risk factors does she have? a. 2 b. 0 c. −1 d. 1

b. 0

In general, how many days of training are recommended for heat acclimatization? a. 3-4 days b. 10 days c. 7 days d. 21 days

b. 10 days

An update from a 2007 ACSM/CDC joint statement indicates that physical activity bouts of at least how many minutes can be accumulated toward the recommended total amount of daily physical activity? a. 5 minutes b. 10 minutes c. 15 minutes d. 30 minutes

b. 10 minutes

Over the past five decades, it has been estimated that occupational energy expenditure has declined by approximately how many calories per day? a. 50 b. 100 c. 250 d. 500

b. 100

Which of the following would result in the GREATEST total training volume? a. 3 sets x 4 reps with 160 lbs b. 2 sets x 12 reps with 90 lbs c. 1 sets x 12 reps with 150 lbs d. 2 sets x 8 reps with 110 lbs

b. 2 sets x 12 reps with 90 lbs

A female client who is 150 pounds and 5 feet, 8 inches tall would have a BMI of: a. 24.2. b. 22.8. c. 20.4. d. 26.8.

b. 22.8.

The Institiute of Medicine defines a healthy body weight gain during pregnancy for an individual at a normal BMI prepregnancy as a gain of: a. 28-40 pounds. b. 25-35 pounds. c. 15-25 pounds. d. 11-20 pounds.

b. 25-35 pounds.

The risk factor for obesity is a BMI at or greater than: a. 45 kg/m2. b. 30 kg/m2. c. 15 kg/m2. d. 60 kg/m2

b. 30 kg/m2.

A client working at a MET level of 9 would have a corresponding relative VO2 of: a. 27 mL/kg/min b. 31.5 mL/kg/min c. 36 mL/kg/min d. 36.75 mL/kg/min

b. 31.5 mL/kg/min

What is the recommended resistance training intensity used with an individual with diabetes mellitus? a. 60%-80% 1-RM b. 50%-85% 1-RM c. 30%-50% 1-RM d. >90% 1-RM

b. 50%-85% 1-RM

Your client who is a novice exerciser demonstrates that she can perform a one-repetition maximum bench press at 100 lbs. What would be an appropriate starting resistance for the first set of 12 repetitions? a. 85 to 90 lbs b. 65 to 70 lbs c. 40 to 45 lbs d. 50 to 55 lbs

b. 65 to 70 lbs

According to the FITT principle, healthy individuals should accumulate at LEAST: a. 60 minutes per week of moderate-intensity exercise. b. 75 minutes per week of vigorous-intensity exercise. c. 75 minutes per week of moderate-intensity exercise. d. 60 minutes per week of vigorous-intensity exercise.

b. 75 minutes per week of vigorous-intensity exercise.

What work-to-recovery ratio would be MOST appropriate to include in a resistance training circuit for small group personal training sessions with clients who have primary goals that require enhanced muscular endurance? a. 75-second work interval: three- to five-minute recovery b. 75-second work interval: 20-second recovery c. 90-second work interval: 75-second recovery d. 90-second work interval: two- to three-minute recovery

b. 75-second work interval: 20-second recovery

What is the ideal repetition range for an apparently healthy adult who wants to gain muscle hypertrophy? a. 4 to 6 b. 8 to 12 c. 15 to 20 d. 12 to 15

b. 8 to 12

The ideal resistance training repetition range and set range for a healthy adult just starting an exercise program, with no previous exercise history, would be: a. 8 to 12 reps, for three to four sets, two to three times per week. b. 8 to 12 reps, for one to two sets, two to three times per week. c. 15 to 20 reps, for one to two sets, three to four times per week. d. 6 to 8 reps, for one to two sets, three to four times per week.

b. 8 to 12 reps, for one to two sets, two to three times per week.

An individual with a resting blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg would have a mean arterial pressure of: a. 40 mm Hg b. 83.2 mm Hg c. 90.5 mm Hg d. 150.8 mm Hg

b. 83.2 mm Hg

Based on evidence-based research using all populations, including children, which of the following should be included with resistance training? a. Movements that are primarily closed kinetic chain b. A 5- to 10-minute warm-up and a cool-down at the end c. Movements that are primarily eccentric actions d. Movements that are primarily open kinetic chain

b. A 5- to 10-minute warm-up and a cool-down at the end

A direct result of increased sweat rates during exercise in a hot environment is: a. A decrease in heart rate. b. A decrease in stroke volume. c. A decrease in blood pressure. d. An increase in stroke volume.

b. A decrease in stroke volume.

Which of the following is the BEST rationale for strengthening the core musculature? a. A strong core increases muscular endurance of the back and abdominal musculature. b. A strong core facilitates efficient energy transfer between the upper and lower extremities. c. A strong core enables the body to better absorb forces during athletic movements. d. A strong core increases intra-abdominal pressure and thus lumbopelvic stability.

b. A strong core facilitates efficient energy transfer between the upper and lower extremities.

Which of the following is an ACSM standard for risk management and emergency procedures? a. Unstaffed areas must have posted signage that staff is not available in the event of an emergency. b. A sufficient number of staff members are certified in first aid and CPR with AED training. c. No less than 30% of the staff shall be trained in CPR. d. Staff and members are encouraged to practice with AED every two years.

b. A sufficient number of staff members are certified in first aid and CPR with AED training.

To obtain greater health benefits, the recommended amount of strength training in older adults is: a. Slightly less than is recommended for all adults. b. About the same that is recommended for all adults but emphasizing lower initial loads and higher repetitions. c. About the same that is recommended for all adults. d. Slightly more than is recommended for all adults.

b. About the same that is recommended for all adults but emphasizing lower initial loads and higher repetitions.

A potential client has been walking two miles, several times a week, for the past three months and would like to continue progress toward her goals. You suggest that she train with you for several sessions to teach her things she can do on her own. According to the transtheoretical model, which stage of change is she currently in? a. Contemplation b. Action c. Preparation d. Maintenance

b. Action

According to the transtheoretical model, a client who has made specific and measurable changes in their activity in the past six months is in which stage of change? a. Maintenance b. Action c. Execution d. Adoption

b. Action

A general training principle for cardiorespiratory endurance is that it requires: a. Light-intensity exercises that are appropriate for conditioning in most adults. b. Activities that involve major muscle groups and are continuous and rhythmic in nature. c. Activities that have a work-to-rest ratio of approximately 4:1. d. Activities that would require 2,000 to 2,500 MET minutes per week.

b. Activities that involve major muscle groups and are continuous and rhythmic in nature.

In which PNF technique is the muscle opposite the target muscle concentrically contracted and held at the end range for several seconds? a. Hold-relax b. Agonist contraction c. Ballistic technique d. Static technique

b. Agonist contraction

A key benefit from regular physical activity or exercise is a decrease in: a. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol. b. Anxiety and depression. c. Primary prevention. d. Capillary density in skeletal muscle.

b. Anxiety and depression.

Fitness center clients are entitled to, in the eyes of the law, facilities that: a. Are free of hazards. b. Are reasonably safe. c. Receive annual inspection. d. Have warning signs posted.

b. Are reasonably safe.

What is the most commonly used over-the-counter drug for individuals with cardiovascular disease? a. Aleve. b. Aspirin. c. Tylenol. d. Ibuprofen.

b. Aspirin.

To measure a normal response to graded exercise, the ACSM-EP should ________________ before, during, and after exercise. a. Conduct brachial artery auscultation b. Assess blood pressure and heart rate c. Assess mean arterial pressure d. Monitor rating of perceived exertion

b. Assess blood pressure and heart rate

Which skill-related activity is essential in minimizing the risk of developing osteoporosis? a. Reaction time b. Balance c. Agility d. Power

b. Balance

Which exercise would likely produce the greatest metabolic and anabolic hormonal response during a resistance training sesssion? a. Dumbbell bench press b. Barbell deadlift c. Barbell biceps curl d. Machine leg extension

b. Barbell deadlift

To avoid potential charges of sexual harassment, the ACSM-EP should: a. Use gender-neutral language during communication. b. Be cautious when touching clients while assisting and spotting them. c. Require staff to go through a formal orientation process if indicated by their behavior or language. d. Implement a dress code that requires nondistracting clothing.

b. Be cautious when touching clients while assisting and spotting them.

To lessen the chance of injury, the ACSM-EP should: a. Assess the client's goal and rewrite it to be more realistic based on exercise testing results. b. Be diligent in choosing exercise modes and prescribing exercises that are based on an individual's current fitness level and desires. c. Determine the client's intensity threshold and work 10% of the time above that threshold for adaptation purposes. d. Start at a moderate to high level of intensity, frequency, and duration and progress slowly.

b. Be diligent in choosing exercise modes and prescribing exercises that are based on an individual's current fitness level and desires.

To properly perform static stretching, the muscles should: a. Use momentum of the moving body segment to produce peak muscle tension. b. Be held in a stationary position for several seconds at peak tension. c. Move with upper extremity motions and then progress toward lower extremity motions. d. Incorporate movements that are specific to sport movement.

b. Be held in a stationary position for several seconds at peak tension.

Consider the following program: Perform a total of six exercises, one from each of the following areas: hips and legs, chest, back, shoulders, low back, and abdominals, One to two sets, 8 to 12 reps, two to three times per week. For which client is such a program BEST suited? a. Intermediate b. Beginner c. Athlete d. Advanced

b. Beginner

Which of the following body composition methods passes electrical current through the body in order to assess the impedance to that current? a. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry b. Bioelectrical impedance analysis c. Residual volume d. Air displacement plethysmography

b. Bioelectrical impedance analysis

A cognitive manipulation method for gaining control over bodily processes in response to a stressor is: a. Dissociation. b. Biofeedback. c. Guided imagery. d. Meditation.

b. Biofeedback.

Which of the following must be handled in accordance with the guidelines of the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)? a. Electronics b. Bodily fluids c. Recycling d. Confidential files

b. Bodily fluids

Which of the following terms is defined as the relative proportion of fat and fat-free tissue in the body? a. Lean body mass b. Body composition c. Bioelectrical impedance d. Body mass average

b. Body composition

The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute is defined as__________. a. Diastolic blood pressure b. Cardiac output c. Stroke volume d. Systolic blood pressure

b. Cardiac output

Blood pressure is regulated by which two factors? a. Systolic and diastolic pressure b. Cardiac output and total peripheral resistance c. Heart rate and stroke volume d. Exercise intensity and duration

b. Cardiac output and total peripheral resistance

Numerous epidemiological research efforts have demonstrated an inverse relationship between physical activity and: a. Morbidity. b. Cardiovascular disease. c. Health. d. Cancer.

b. Cardiovascular disease.

Myocardial ischemia is characterized by which of the following signs and symptoms? a. Sudden loss of consciousness, with no breathing and no pulse b. Chest discomfort and/or pain c. Sustained stabbing pain in and around the abdomen d. A sudden, severe headache and weakness on one side of the body

b. Chest discomfort and/or pain

Which exercise would be BEST suited for an advanced athlete? a. Supine leg press b. Clean and jerk c. BOSU ball squat d. Static lunge

b. Clean and jerk

Initial interviews with clients should include health history, exercise readiness forms, and inquiries about: a. Work schedule and hobbies that may interfere with training schedules. b. Client goals and expectations for working with an ACSM-EP. c. Social support networks that can help or hinder the training routine. d. Previous work with other ACSM-EPs.

b. Client goals and expectations for working with an ACSM-EP.

Which is the major source of error for the bioelectrical impedance analysis technique of body composition analysis? a. Technician skill b. Client hydration status c. Client cooperation level d. Air in client's lungs

b. Client hydration status

Which of the following breathing recommendations is MOST appropriate for strength training? a. Clients should breathe out during the eccentric phase of the exercise. b. Clients should never hold their breath during any contraction. c. Clients should hold their breath during the entire movement and exhale at the very end. d. Clients should inhale during the contraction phase of the exercise.

b. Clients should never hold their breath during any contraction.

Which of the following is a recommended procedure for administering a 1-RM strength test? a. Use an initial weight of approximately 80%-90% of the client's perceived capacity b. Conduct a familiarization period of three to four practice sessions c. Obtain the 1-RM within seven sets d. Rest about eight to 10 minutes between attempts

b. Conduct a familiarization period of three to four practice sessions

For individuals younger than 30 years of age, the most common cause(s) of sudden cardiac death is/are: a. Head and cervical spine trauma. b. Congenital and hereditary abnormalities. c. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. d. Coronary artery disease.

b. Congenital and hereditary abnormalities.

Which of the following stages of change in the transtheoretical model is characterized by being inactive and thinking about becoming more active? a. Precontemplation b. Contemplation c. Preparation d. Maintenance

b. Contemplation

Tests for muscular strength, muscular endurance, cardiorespiratory fitness, and measurement of flexibility provide the ACSM-EP with information on the client's: a. Desire for change. b. Current fitness status. c. Health history. d. Interest in physical activity.

b. Current fitness status.

The BEST cardiovascular training routine for someone with diabetes is: a. Three to five times per week for 10 to 20 minutes. b. Daily for 20 to 60 minutes. c. Two to three times per week for 30 to 60 minutes. d. 10 minutes most days of the week.

b. Daily for 20 to 60 minutes.

Regular exercise yields which of the following changes as it relates to obesity comorbidities? a. Increased LDL-C levels b. Decreased coronary artery disease risk factors c. Decreased fasting muscle glycogen levels d. Decreased insulin sensitivity

b. Decreased coronary artery disease risk factors

In order to lose weight, it is recommended for children to: a. Restrict calories. b. Develop healthy behaviors. c. Exercise > 100 minutes per day. d. Increase sedentary behaviors.

b. Develop healthy behaviors.

Which of the following applies to federal employees? a. Equal Pay Act of 1963 b. Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988 c. Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 d. Age Discrimination in Employment Act

b. Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988

Which type of muscle action produces the highest amount of force? a. Isotonic b. Eccentric c. Concentric d. Isometric

b. Eccentric

Which type of muscle action has been linked to increased delayed-onset muscle soreness? a. Concentric muscle action b. Eccentric muscle action c. Isometric muscle action d. Isokinetic muscle action

b. Eccentric muscle action

Nonverbal cues are often more informative than spoken words because they convey: a. Interest. b. Emotions. c. Attitude. d. Sincerity.

b. Emotions.

Which of the following increases functional capacity and may relieve symptoms of coronary artery disease? a. Resistance training b. Endurance exercise training c. Interval training d. Circuit training

b. Endurance exercise training

Which of the following is the MOST critical to overall low back health? a. Strong abdominals b. Endurance of the core musculature c. Flexibility in trunk flexion d. Flexible hamstrings and hip flexors

b. Endurance of the core musculature

Over-the-counter cold and flu medications can impact blood pressure if they contain some form of: a. Aspirin. b. Ephedrine. c. Phentermine. d. Epinephrine.

b. Ephedrine.

Which of the following is the MOST effective exercise strategy for an individual who is extrinsically motivated? a. Create a list of advantages and disadvantages when formulating goals b. Establish a reward upon completion of a specified number of exercise sessions c. Allow the client to increase intensity when they feel comfortable d. Record mileage walked since the start of a program

b. Establish a reward upon completion of a specified number of exercise sessions

During your initial meeting, you learn that your client's motivation is based on a hypertension diagnosis by their physician. This is consistent with: a. The transtheoretical model. b. Extrinsic motivation. c. Cognitive behavioral techniques. d. Operant conditioning.

b. Extrinsic motivation.

What is the recommended maximum number of sets that should be performed to obtain a 1-RM? a. Two b. Four c. Six d. Eight

b. Four

Which of the following types of insurance would protect an ACSM-EP from a claim of ordinary negligence? a. Health care b. General liability c. Professional liability d. Malpractice

b. General liability

Which of the following would offer the ACSM-EP ideal protection against a claim of negligence? a. Professional liability insurance and malpractice insurance b. General liability and professional liability insurance c. Business interruption and general liability insurance d. Business interruption and malpractice insurance

b. General liability and professional liability insurance

Your new youth client, age 11, doesn't meet the required minimum level of cardiovascular exercise. The best way to proceed is: a. Explain the difference between vigorous- and light/moderate-intensity activities and set goals for vigorous activity each week. b. Gradually increase activity intensity and duration until minimum levels are achieved. c. Find out what video games the youth client plays and have him start playing more active games instead. d. Educate the young client and his parents on the minimum levels of exercise needed.

b. Gradually increase activity intensity and duration until minimum levels are achieved.

Which of the following limits heat loss for an individual in a cold environment? a. Lower body surface area b. Greater subcutaneous fat c. Acclimatization to the cold d. Greater body surface area

b. Greater subcutaneous fat

Which of the following would be considered a positive risk factor for dyslipidemia? a. Total cholesterol 180 mg/dL b. HDL 35 mg/dL c. Triglycerides 200 mg · dL−1 d. LDL 125 mg · dL−1

b. HDL 35 mg/dL

Bilateral ankle edema is a characteristic sign of: a. Improper footwear during exercise. b. Heart failure or bilateral chronic venous insufficiency. c. A slight ankle sprain in both ankles. d. Venous thrombosis or lymphatic blockage in the limb.

b. Heart failure or bilateral chronic venous insufficiency.

Precise measurement of which of the following is critical when performing submaximal cardiorespiratory tests in order to predict aerobic capacity? a. Blood pressure b. Heart rate c. Rate pressure product d. VO2 max

b. Heart rate

Which of the following movements occur in the frontal plane of motion? a. Radioulnar supination b. Hip joint abduction c. Elbow joint extension d. Glenohumeral extension

b. Hip joint abduction

Which of the following benefits of neuromotor exercise will have the GREATEST impact on self-esteem? a. Improved muscular strength b. Improved quality of life c. Increased relaxation d. Increased joint flexibility

b. Improved quality of life

The ACSM-EP should protect against a heat injury in the older adult by conducting exercise: a. With hydration stations close by. b. In a thermoneutral environment. c. In the shade during the hottest time of the day. d. In clothing that will quickly wick away sweat.

b. In a thermoneutral environment.

Your 40-year-old female client is ready to get started losing 15 lbs for the new year after being sedentary for about a year. She wants to focus on strength training as she has heard that this will help sculpt her body. You recommend that she: a. Undergo a body composition assessment using hydrostatic weighing for a baseline measure. b. Increase her metabolism with aerobic activity and progressive strength training. c. Obtain a diet plan from a registered dietitian first. d. Receive medical clearance from her primary health care provider.

b. Increase her metabolism with aerobic activity and progressive strength training.

Which of the following is an acute response to cardiorespiratory exercise? a. Decrease in cardiac output b. Increase in stroke volume c. Increase in resting heart rate d. Decrease in blood pressure

b. Increase in stroke volume

The exercise impact of the use of digitalis by clients with congestive heart failure is: a. Greater risk of dehydration. b. Increased exercise capacity. c. Decreased resting heart rate. d. Increased exercise heart rate.

b. Increased exercise capacity.

A client with hypertension begins taking diuretics prescribed by his physician. The resulting increased water excretion may impact HR in which way? a. Decreased resting HR b. Increased resting and submaximal HR c. Increased maximal HR d. No impact to HR

b. Increased resting and submaximal HR

Which evaluation form does a client sign to acknowledge that she has been educated about and understands the risks associated with being active? a. Agreement of release of liability waiver b. Informed consent c. Medical release d. Exercise history and attitude questionnaire

b. Informed consent

Which of the following cardiorespiratory variables requires the most precision during the early stages of an exercise program? a. Duration b. Intensity c. Frequency d. Type

b. Intensity

Which joint movement occurs in the transverse plane? a. Abduction b. Internal rotation c. Adduction d. Flexion

b. Internal rotation

The use of herbs, natural remedies, and minerals for cardiovascular disease, metabolic, or pulmonary conditions: a. Requires medical clearance prior to initiating an exercise routine. b. Is not FDA regulated and therefore should be used with extreme caution. c. Should be strongly discouraged by the ACSM-EP. d. Is irrelevant due to their negligible impact on exercise prescription.

b. Is not FDA regulated and therefore should be used with extreme caution.

Which of the following types of resistance training allows an individual to exert maximal resistance throughout an entire range of motion by controlling the movement speed? a. Isotonic b. Isokinetic c. Concentric d. Eccentric

b. Isokinetic

A muscle maintains constant force without any change in joint angle. This is known as which type of action? a. Isokinetic b. Isometric c. Eccentric d. Concentric

b. Isometric

What is the MOST significant disadvantage of using BMI to assess body composition? a. It only provides a single number for comparison. b. It has a very high margin of error. c. It is inaccurate for very short and very tall individuals. d. It doesn't correlate well with body fat percentage.

b. It has a very high margin of error.

Which exercise provides dynamic constant external resistance? a. Leg extension b. Kettlebell swing c. Knee flexion d. Cable upright row

b. Kettlebell swing

The _________ is responsible for collecting blood from the lungs and pumping it to the body. a. Right atrium and right ventricle b. Left atrium and left ventricle c. Left atrium and right ventricle d. Right atrium and left ventricle

b. Left atrium and left ventricle

In the theory of planned behavior, intention reflects an individual's: a. Attitude about physical activity. b. Level of motivation. c. Perceived behavior control. d. Perception of required effort.

b. Level of motivation.

The ________ and ________ of resistance training need to be carefully progressed and monitored to limit muscle tissue damage. a. Load; recovery b. Load; volume c. Intensity; reps d. Sets; reps

b. Load; volume

Syncope is defined as: a. Shortness of breath that occurs during rest. b. Loss of consciousness/fainting. c. Shortness of breath during exercise. d. An unpleasant sensation of forceful or rapid heart beats.

b. Loss of consciousness/fainting.

An individual has two positive risk factors and one negative risk factor. Based on ACSM risk stratification and this profile, this person is considered to be: a. Moderate risk. b. Low risk. c. In a disease state. d. High risk.

b. Low risk.

Your client on a regimen of statins tells you her doctor diagnosed her with rhabdomyolysis. The impact to her exercise prescription includes increased exercise recovery time or: a. Temporary discontinuation of strength training exercise. b. Lower exercise intensities. c. Elimination of cardiovascular exercise. d. Longer duration sessions of interval training.

b. Lower exercise intensities.

In what way can the ACSM-EP demonstrate interest and compassion? a. Mimic the client's emotions and tone of voice. b. Make eye contact and take notes. c. Talk in a soft voice and nod the head often. d. Give verbal feedback after each statement.

b. Make eye contact and take notes.

To minimize musculoskeletal injury from the outset, which of the following should be prioritized? a. Beginning the client's program with a balanced circuit training regimen b. Making the client aware of early signs of potential injury c. Advising the client to "work through" pain d. Starting with high intensity during strength training

b. Making the client aware of early signs of potential injury

Which of the following is an example of a behavior goal? a. Lose 3% body fat by June 1. b. Meet with ACSM-EP twice weekly. c. Increase 1-RM bench press by 5 lbs. d. Reduce reliance on prescription medication.

b. Meet with ACSM-EP twice weekly.

What exercise frequency is best for an apparently healthy senior adult? a. Very low-intensity exercise, performed six or more days per week b. Moderate-intensity exercise, performed five or more days per week c. Vigorous-intensity exercise, performed five or more days per week d. Moderate-intensity exercise, performed two or more days per week

b. Moderate-intensity exercise, performed five or more days per week

Recommended exercises that train the core musculature in a dynamic fashion are: a. Abdominal crunches. b. Multidirectional exercises involving rotational and diagonal patterns. c. Sit-ups and back extensions. d. Planks and side planks.

b. Multidirectional exercises involving rotational and diagonal patterns.

Which outcome is MOST likely when performing a safe and effective resistance training program two to three times per week for three months? a. Muscle atrophy b. Muscle hypertrophy c. Muscle hypermobility d. Muscle hyperplasia

b. Muscle hypertrophy

During the remodeling phase post injury, exercise principles should focus on promotion of: a. Muscular endurance. b. Muscular hypertrophy and strength. c. Muscular power. d. Range of motion.

b. Muscular hypertrophy and strength.

The adage "use it or lose it" basically states that physiological gains from training: a. Are typically permanent in nature. b. Must be maintained through regular training. c. Will gradually decrease 1% per year with respect to aerobic capacity. d. Will gradually decrease 1% per year with respect to strength gains.

b. Must be maintained through regular training.

To reduce body weight, which of the following is the MOST important determinant? a. Positive energy balance b. Negative energy balance c. Caloric restriction d. Energy expenditure

b. Negative energy balance

Which of the following in an example of a client responsibility? a. Reading equipment usage manuals b. Notifying the trainer if an appointment needs to be canceled c. Performing equipment maintenance d. Selecting appropriate exercises to include in a supervised program

b. Notifying the trainer if an appointment needs to be canceled

Which of the following is an element of active listening? a. Listening carefully for contradictions b. Observing nonverbal cues c. Becoming familiar with the speaker's motive d. Understanding the client's personal disclosures

b. Observing nonverbal cues

Which of the following is the MOST important consideration when prescribing a target heart rate range for a sedentary older adult? a. Resting blood pressure tends to decrease. b. Older adults have a lower overall exercise capacity. c. Thermoregulatory abilities increase. d. They should use the OMNI scale for perceived exertion.

b. Older adults have a lower overall exercise capacity.

Muscle pain and dysfunction progress and become more apparent _______ after the injury. a. Four to six hours b. One to two days c. Four to five days d. One week

b. One to two days

The skinfold technique of body composition assessment is based on the assumption that approximately _____________ of total body fat is located subcutaneously. a. One-fourth b. One-third c. One-half d. Two-thirds

b. One-third

The feeling of chronic muscular fatigue is a sign of: a. Increased VO2. b. Overuse. c. Lactic acid accumulation. d. Increased oxygen uptake.

b. Overuse.

Which of the following forms may be used if a health/medical history evaluation form is not readily available? a. Health fitness assessment b. PAR-Q+ c. Personal Trainer-Client Agreement d. Informed consent

b. PAR-Q+

Individuals with hyperkyphosis would benefit MOST from increasing the flexibility of which of the following muscles? a. Psoas minor b. Pectoralis major c. Quadratus lumborum d. Erector spinae

b. Pectoralis major

Cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality are inversely related to both physical activity and: a. Strength. b. Physical Fitness. c. Weight. d. Age.

b. Physical Fitness.

The five stages of change in the transtheoretical model include precontemplation, contemplation, maintenance, action, and: a. Resistance. b. Preparation. c. Modification. d. Relapse.

b. Preparation.

Which of the following is the MOST reliable predictor for exercise participation? a. Perceived time barriers b. Previous and positive exercise experiences c. Weight d. Age

b. Previous and positive exercise experiences

The purpose of our cells breaking down food that we consume is to: a. Restore creatine phosphate stores. b. Produce ATP. c. Maintain blood glucose levels. d. Maintain muscle glycogen levels.

b. Produce ATP.

What physiologic change occurs in response to high-altitude exposure and a lower partial pressure of oxygen? a. Decrease in sweat rates b. Production of additional red blood cells c. Increase in blood plasma d. Increase in sweat rates

b. Production of additional red blood cells

A distinct advantage of using free weights versus machines is that they: a. Accentuate eccentric actions. b. Promote kinesthetic awareness. c. Enhance isokinetic movements. d. Avoid open chain movements.

b. Promote kinesthetic awareness.

A key area of education that the ACSM-EP should focus on with clients is: a. Principles of muscle hypertrophy. b. Proper breathing technique. c. Selection of optimal supplements. d. Appropriate weight room etiquette.

b. Proper breathing technique.

An employer decides to pass over an employee for a promotion based on the employee's credit report. As a result, the employer must: a. Provide the rationale for the employer's action in writing. b. Provide a copy of the report to the employee so he may challenge the veracity of the report if needed. c. Consider another opportunity for promotion at a regular time interval. d. Provide a time frame in which the employee may improve his credit report scores.

b. Provide a copy of the report to the employee so he may challenge the veracity of the report if needed.

A 65-year-old male client is 30 pounds overweight. He is taking medication for high blood pressure and has been cleared by his physician for exercise. Which of the following is MOST appropriate for determining exercise intensity? a. HRR b. RPE c. VO2R d. MET

b. RPE

Which of the following is a comprehensive and useful tool when performing exercise testing or prescribing exercise to an individual with cardiovascular disease? a. VO2max b. Rate product pressure c. Systolic blood pressure d. Exercise heart rate

b. Rate product pressure

When performing a posture analysis, if the client expresses pain during the wall test, the ACSM-EP should: a. Complete the assessment. b. Recommend a medical exam by a qualified medical professional. c. Develop exercise programming to improve lumbar stability. d. Recommend self-myofascial release techniques.

b. Recommend a medical exam by a qualified medical professional.

When a client's muscle or joint problem is brought on or aggravated by exercise, the ACSM-EP should: a. Complete a new physical assessment of the client. b. Refer the client to a health care professional. c. Follow appropriate first-aid techniques. d. Send the client home for the day.

b. Refer the client to a health care professional.

Your client forgets to bring the service introduction packet but is dressed appropriately for exercise. You should: a. Have the client sign an informed consent so that you can still begin training. b. Reschedule the appointment, and underscore the importance of having all forms completed and signed. c. At a minimum, fill out the client's health/medical history evaluation and continue the training session as planned. d. Give the client another packet to complete, and obtain medical clearance by the next session.

b. Reschedule the appointment, and underscore the importance of having all forms completed and signed.

Which of the following is a role of the ACSM-EP regarding client use of prescription or over-the-counter medications? a. Educating clients on the use or effects of medications b. Researching medications to obtain a cursory knowledge of the most common medications c. Discouraging clients to communicate any changes in medication routine d. Counseling clients on what medications to request from their doctor

b. Researching medications to obtain a cursory knowledge of the most common medications

According to the GAS theory, adaptations to the stressors of exercise occur during which stage? a. Alarm reaction b. Resistance c. Exhaustion d. Overtraining

b. Resistance

Appropriate assessments to measure client fitness level include: a. Calculation of BMI. b. Resting and exercise heart rate. c. Hip, waist, and limb circumference measures. d. Body weight and height measurement.

b. Resting and exercise heart rate.

In terms of equipment use, proactive steps to managing and minimizing risk include: a. Only using a small number of pieces of equipment. b. Reviewing how to use each piece of equipment with all clients. c. Interviewing clients to determine the need to review each piece of equipment with them. d. Teaching clients how to report equipment issues to facility management.

b. Reviewing how to use each piece of equipment with all clients.

The facet joints of the lumbar spine are oriented in the __________, which primarily allows ____________ motions. a. Frontal plane; flexion/extension b. Sagittal plane; flexion/extension c. Transverse plane; side bending d. Sagittal plane; rotation

b. Sagittal plane; flexion/extension

For all facility personnel, which of the following is the skill set that is MOST important? a. Educating clients on an ongoing basis b. Screening potential members for health and fitness factors c. Selling products or services d. Motivating new clients

b. Screening potential members for health and fitness factors

If one suspects that they have a food allergy, a problem-focused coping strategy would be to: a. Learn to deal with the symptoms. b. Seek out information regarding foods that may cause the experienced symptoms. c. Meditating when the symptoms are experienced. d. Listening to music when eating the suspected food.

b. Seek out information regarding foods that may cause the experienced symptoms.

The right and left atria act to provide support to their respective ventricles by: a. Serving as a reservoir of blood that eventually moves into the pulmonary artery. b. Serving as a reservoir of blood that eventually moves into the ventricles. c. Serving as a reservoir of blood that eventually moves into the pulmonary artery. d. Serving as a reservoir of blood that eventually moves into the aorta.

b. Serving as a reservoir of blood that eventually moves into the ventricles.

Which of the following is a form of discrimination in the workplace? a. Compensation b. Sexual harassment c. Physical strength d. Stature

b. Sexual harassment

A 57-year-old female completes the PAR-Q+, answers "YES" to questions #3 and #6 on page 1. She then completes pages 2 and 3, answering "YES" to multiple follow-up questions on those pages. What is the recommended course of action for this individual? a. She may begin independent physical activity immediately b. She should seek physician consent prior to beginning physical activity c. She may begin supervised physical activity only d. She should wait one year and fill out the PAR-Q+ again at that time

b. She should seek physician consent prior to beginning physical activity

Patrick has shoulder impingement syndrome. He has been referred to you by a physical therapist for strengthening of his shoulder complex and to begin first with a closed chain exercise. Which progression is MOST appropriate? a. High-rep bench press → shoulder IR/ER → abdominal crunch b. Shoulder IR/ER → push-up plus → seated DB press c. Push-up plus off a wall → shoulder IR/ER → seated DB press d. Shoulder IR/ER → seated DB press → push-up plus

b. Shoulder IR/ER → push-up plus → seated DB press

Which of the following theories of behavior change places a great emphasis on the client's thoughts and feelings? a. Theory of planned behavior b. Social cognitive theory c. Transtheoretical model of change d. Socioecological model

b. Social cognitive theory

A client comes to you wishing to train for a half marathon. By prescribing running to your client, you are adhering to which of the following principles? a. Pyramid training b. Specificity of training c. Cross training d. Overload principle

b. Specificity of training

Your client is a cardiac patient and has been cleared by his physician to exercise. During a five-minute warm-up on the treadmill, he tells you that he feels out of breath. You should: a. Reduce the treadmill speed. b. Stop the exercise and monitor for additional signs or symptoms. c. Stop the exercise and urge him to see his physician immediately d. Reduce the treadmill grade.

b. Stop the exercise and monitor for additional signs or symptoms.

The process used to respond to an environmental demand perceived as threatening is referred to as: a. Compensation. b. Stress. c. Homeostasis. d. Equilibrium.

b. Stress.

Which of the following are the products that make up the Fick equation? a. End diastolic volume, ejection fraction, and heart rate b. Stroke volume, heart rate, and a-VO2 difference c. Heart rate and stroke volume d. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure

b. Stroke volume, heart rate, and a-VO2 difference

When lacking, which of the following is considered the greatest obstacle to exercise adherence? a. Readiness to change specific behaviors b. Strong support from family and friends c. Knowledge of physical activity and nutrition d. Access to health and fitness facilities

b. Strong support from family and friends

An immediate referral to a physician is indicated with a client exhibits signs or symptoms of which of the following? a. Intermittent tightening of the calf muscles when standing b. Syncope during mild exertion c. Discomfort in the hips during walking d. Labored breathing during vigorous exercise

b. Syncope during mild exertion

____________ is the pressure exerted on the arterial wall during the ventricular contraction phase. a. Cardiac output b. Systolic blood pressure c. Diastolic blood pressure d. Stroke volume

b. Systolic blood pressure

The muscles that comprise the "rotator cuff" are the infraspinatus, supraspinatus, subscapularis, and: a. Teres major. b. Teres minor. c. Rhomboid. d. Pectoralis minor.

b. Teres minor.

Muscular endurance is defined as: a. A one-time maximal force that may be exerted and is localized to a joint or muscle group. b. The ability to apply a force repeatedly over time. c. The number of muscle spindles recruited during a maximal contraction. d. The amount of motor units recruited in 8 to 12 reps.

b. The ability to apply a force repeatedly over time.

During an initial meeting with a new client, the client reports meeting the minimal physical activity requirements, being a diagnosed Type I diabetic, but not having any signs or symptoms of CMR disease. Using the ACSM preparticipation screening algorithm, what is the recommended course of action? a. The client should seek medical clearance b. The client may participate in moderate-intensity physical activity c. The client may participate in vigorous-intensity physical activity d. The client should participate in a maximal, graded exercise test

b. The client may participate in moderate-intensity physical activity

The amount of muscle force generated in plyometric training has greater potential because of: a. The number of muscle fibers being recruited. b. The preceding eccentric muscle action. c. The myotatic stretch of the Golgi tendon organs. d. The number of motor units involved in the movements.

b. The preceding eccentric muscle action.

Pregnant women should carefully monitor intensity by using: a. A heart rate count at the radial pulse. b. The talk test. c. A heart rate count at the carotid pulse. d. A heart rate monitor.

b. The talk test.

Which of the following theories identifies intention as the primary influence that determines behavior? a. Transtheoretical model b. Theory of planned behavior c. Social cognitive theory d. Health belief model

b. Theory of planned behavior

With everything being equal, which of the following groups are MOST LIKELY to continue exercise participation in the long term? a. Those who are extrinsically motivated b. Those who are intrinsically motivated c. Women d. Men

b. Those who are intrinsically motivated

How many ATP molecules are produced when glycogen is broken down into pyruvate? a. One b. Three c. Two d. Four

b. Three

Please refer to client profile below: 45-year-old maleMother has hypertensionFather had coronary bypass surgery at age 59Quit smoking 20 years agoWalks dog one to two times per day, for 10 minutes per walkBMI: 29 kg/m2Blood pressure: 132/86 mm HgTotal serum cholesterol: 216 mg · dL−1LDL cholesterol: 138 mg · dL−1HDL cholesterol: 48 mg · dL−1Fasting plasma glucose: 94 mg · dL−1 Goals: Lose 20 lbs; increase muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness What is this client's total score for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease using the ACSM risk factor thresholds? a. Two b. Three c. Four d. One

b. Three

You discover the following information about Rosalyn, your new 54-year-old female client:BMI = 24.3 (68 inches, 160 pounds)Total cholesterol: 190 mg · dL−1HDL cholesterol: 62 mg · dL−1Blood pressure: 128/84 mm Hg with antihypertensive medicationFormer smoker: quit two months agoFamily history: father had a heart attack at age 54Walks to work eight minutes each way How many positive and negative risk factors does she have? a. One positive and zero negative risk factors b. Three positive and one negative risk factors c. Three positive and two negative risk factors d. Two positive and one negative risk factors

b. Three positive and one negative risk factors

An advanced client is training with the goal of increasing strength. He has been performing three sets, using an 8- to 12-repetition maximum for the past eight weeks. Which modification will result in the GREATEST strength gains? a. One to two sets, 8 to 12 reps maximum, weekly b. Three to five sets, 5 to 6 reps maximum, for six to 12 weeks c. Two to four sets, 1 to 3 reps maximum, for two weeks d. Three sets, 15 to 20 reps maximum, utilizing negative and assisted work

b. Three to five sets, 5 to 6 reps maximum, for six to 12 weeks

Which of the following is a component of a well-stated goal that will help ensure program satisfaction? a. Competitive b. Time-bound c. Precise d. Flexible

b. Time-bound

Your client has set a goal of running 3 times per week for 2 months to increase his fitness level and lose weight. What is the BEST way to measure this goal? a. Weigh him each week, and track his weekly caloric intake. b. Track the duration and intensity of each workout in a daily log. c. Track his daily eating habits and emotional relationship to exercise. d. Measure his VO2max weekly and track his miles for the week.

b. Track the duration and intensity of each workout in a daily log.

Which of the following alters the resistance throughout an exercise's range of motion in an attempt to match increases and decreases in the strength curve of a muscle? a. Eccentric training b. Variable resistance equipment c. Elastic resistance bands d. Cable crossover machine

b. Variable resistance equipment

Which of following is TRUE regarding exercise training for children and adolescents? a. Plyometric training increases injuries to the growth plates b. Various modes and components of exercise are safe under appropriate supervision c. There is a higher risk of an emergent cardiac event with cardiovascular training d. Resistance training has been shown to increase the rate of sports-related injuries

b. Various modes and components of exercise are safe under appropriate supervision

The purpose of conducting a background check for a job candidate is to: a. Obtain another type of recommendation for the candidate. b. Verify accuracy of a candidate's work experience, education, and other credentials. c. Explore potential risks as they relate to health history. d. Evaluate how the candidate would perform in a group and in a high-pressure environment.

b. Verify accuracy of a candidate's work experience, education, and other credentials.

Which of the following refers to an experience of seeing a similar individual successfully perform a behavior? a. Mastery experience b. Vicarious experience c. Verbal persuasion d. Affective state

b. Vicarious experience

When attempting to establish effective communication, which of the following nonverbal elements is MOST important to the client? a. Confidence and strength b. Visual and kinesthetic c. Warmth and sympathy d. Advising and counseling

b. Visual and kinesthetic

Which of the following is a SMART goal? a. Buy new workout shoes for regular participation in group fitness classes. b. Walk the dog twice a day, for at least 15 minutes, for two weeks. c. Lose 10 pounds within the next few months. d. Increase strength through weightlifting twice a week.

b. Walk the dog twice a day, for at least 15 minutes, for two weeks.

The best exercise progression for a sedentary client who wants to begin downhill skiing again would be: a. Jogging, running, aqua aerobics, and downhill skiing. b. Walking, jogging, cross-country skiing, and downhill skiing. c. Stepping exercise, walking, downhill skiing, and skating. d. Jogging, downhill skiing, running, and cross-country skiing.

b. Walking, jogging, cross-country skiing, and downhill skiing.

An ACSM-EP is helping a male client set goals for a resistance training program. Which of the following is MOST appropriate? a. lose 30 pounds in two months b. increase push-up repetitions by 15 c. bench press 450 pounds d. attain a resting heart rate of 55 beats per minute

b. increase push-up repetitions by 15

Which of the following questions must be avoided during a job interview? a. "What would be your goal for the business?" b. "Can you tell me about your previous work history?" c. "Do you have any physical limitations related to the job?" d. "How do you think you would make an impact with the company?"

c. "Do you have any physical limitations related to the job?"

Which of the following common characteristics is reported by those experiencing symptoms consistent with coronary artery disease? a. "Pounding" b. "Beating" c. "Heaviness" d. "Light-headed"

c. "Heaviness"

Which of the following is an example of a SMART goal? a. "I will lose 30 pounds for my trip to Hawaii in two months by exercising seven days a week to maximize results." b. "I will improve my cholesterol and blood pressure through better eating and exercise." c. "I will run four days per week, gradually progressing my run time from 10 to 40 minutes, to prepare for a 5K in four months." d. "I will try a new group exercise class each week to avoid boredom."

c. "I will run four days per week, gradually progressing my run time from 10 to 40 minutes, to prepare for a 5K in four months."

Your client sets a goal of losing 25 pounds before her high school reunion in a month. An appropriate response would be: a. "It is unrealistic to think you can lose 25 pounds in a month." b. "That's a great goal, but let's discuss how to break it down into smaller weekly goals." c. "That's a specific and time-bound goal. Let's talk about how realistic that goal is within the time frame." d. "Tell me how you plan to accomplish that."

c. "That's a specific and time-bound goal. Let's talk about how realistic that goal is within the time frame."

Which strategy is LEAST appropriate for a client who is at risk of relapsing during vacation? a. "In case you don't find a gym to work out, exercise by doing your sightseeing on foot." b. "If you can't work out four times a week while on vacation, workout twice a week." c. "You just have to exercise whenever you can." d. "If you continue your exercise, think of how you are maintaining all the gains you've made."

c. "You just have to exercise whenever you can."

Upon the transition from rest to submaximal exercise, oxygen consumption increases and reaches a steady state in: a. 10-20 seconds b. 30-60 seconds c. 1-4 minutes d. 8-10 minutes

c. 1-4 minutes

The resting heart rate for young children typically ranges between: a. 60 - 70 bpm. b. 80 - 90 bpm. c. 100 - 110 bpm. d. 120 - 130 bpm.

c. 100 - 110 bpm.

The thermic effect of physical activity comprises approximately what percentage of total daily energy expenditure? a. 55%-75% b. 7%-15% c. 15%-30% d. <7%

c. 15%-30%

You are working with a client who weighs 180 lbs with a body fat percentage of 20%. What will his approximate weight be when he reaches his goal of 15% body fat, assuming that his lean body mass remains constant? a. 149 lbs b. 175 lbs c. 169 lbs d. 144 lbs

c. 169 lbs

Which of the following weekly durations of moderate-intensity exercise meets the ACSM recommendation for weight loss or weight maintenance? a. 120 minutes b. 90 minutes c. 180 minutes d. 150 minutes

c. 180 minutes

Once the blood pressure cuff and stethoscope are in place, the next step is to quickly inflate the cuff pressure to __________ above the first Korotkoff sound. a. 10 mm Hg b. 30 mm Hg c. 20 mm Hg d. 40 mm Hg

c. 20 mm Hg

Greater amounts of physical activity are likely to be needed to achieve weight loss and prevent weight regain in adults, thus requiring ________ minutes of moderate physical activity per week. a. 100 to 150 b. 20 to 30 c. 200 to 300 d. 45 to 60

c. 200 to 300

What is the recommended minimum duration of weekly, moderate-intensity exercise for weight maintenance after weight loss? a. 75 minutes b. 150 minutes c. 250 minutes d. 350 minutes

c. 250 minutes

How many risk factors are present for this 54-year-old female? Family history: Mother had myocardial infarction at the age of 60 Nonsmoker Blood pressure: 134/85 mm Hg Total cholesterol: 230 mg · dL−1 HDL-C: 46 mg · dL−1 Fasting blood glucose: 82 mg · dL−1 BMI: 27.3 Sedentary lifestyle a. 1 b. 4 c. 3 d. 2

c. 3

One MET is equivalent to an oxygen uptake of: a. 8.5 mL/kg/min. b. 7.5 mL/kg/min. c. 3.5 mL/kg/min. d. 1.5 mL/kg/min.

c. 3.5 mL/kg/min.

A 1995 joint position statement of the ACSM and CDC recommended that every adult accumulate how many minutes of activity per day? a. 60 minutes b. 10 minutes c. 30 minutes d. 15 minutes

c. 30 minutes

What is the ideal exercise intensity for an apparently healthy pregnant woman? a. 65% to 85% of HRR or 10 to 12 on the RPE scale of 6-20 b. 30% to 40% of HRR or 7 to 10 on the RPE scale of 6-20 c. 40% to 60% of HRR or 5 to 6 on the RPE scale of 0-10 d. 70% to 80% of HRR or 8 to 9 on the RPE scale of 0-10

c. 40% to 60% of HRR or 5 to 6 on the RPE scale of 0-10

In the general population, stroke volume has been shown to plateau at what percentage of VO2 max? a. 10%-20% b. 20%-40% c. 40%-60% d. 60%-80%

c. 40%-60%

Which of the following activities relies predominantly on anaerobic glycolysis for energy? a. Marathon b. Javelin throw c. 400-meter run d. 5-kilometer run

c. 400-meter run

Which of the following is the most appropriate moderate aerobic exercise intensity for individuals with cardiac disease who have been cleared for exercise? a. 60% HRmax b. 18 RPE c. 55% HRR d. 40% VO2max

c. 55% HRR

How many minutes per day of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity activity are children recommended to perform? a. 30 minutes b. 45 minutes c. 60 minutes d. 75 minutes

c. 60 minutes

The overall exercise goal for a client with cardiovascular disease is to progress to how many minutes of aerobic conditioning per day? a. 20 minutes b. 30 minutes c. 60 minutes d. 120 minutes

c. 60 minutes

What percentage of 1-RM is typically used if muscle hypertrophy is the goal of the client? a. 40%-50% 1-RM b. 50%-60% 1-RM c. 60%-80% 1-RM d. >90% 1-RM

c. 60%-80% 1-RM

If an individual is exercising at an absolute VO2 of 4.1 L/min for 30 minutes, how many kilocalories will the individual utilize during the activity? a. 20.5 kcal b. 120 kcal c. 615 kcal d. 1,080 kcal

c. 615 kcal

A 29-year-old male has a bench press weight ratio of 1.48. What rep range would you start him with? a. 4 to 6 b. 10 to 15 c. 8 to 12 d. 15 to 20

c. 8 to 12

A 33-year-old male who comes to you with previous weight-training experience seeking to enhance general muscular fitness would benefit from how many repetitions per exercise? a. 4 to 6 b. 1 to 3 c. 8 to 12 d. 15 to 20

c. 8 to 12

How many repetitions per exercise should be performed for enhanced muscular strength? a. 1 to 2 b. 3 to 6 c. 8 to 12 d. 15 to 20

c. 8 to 12

Which of the following is an example of emotional support? a. A magazine subscription that provides your client with monthly information on exercise b. A client's spouse asking the client to cook dinner after that client works out c. A friend periodically calling to encourage sticking with a workout program d. Handouts from the ACSM-EP on new exercise routines

c. A friend periodically calling to encourage sticking with a workout program

An exercise test is recommended prior to exercise training but a physician is not available to supervise the test. Who among the following would also supervise an exercise test? a. A Certified Personal Trainer b. A licensed physical therapist c. A qualified health care professional certified in ACLS d. An occupational therapist

c. A qualified health care professional certified in ACLS

Which of the following is an example of appraisal support? a. A family member who offers to watch the client's children so your client can work out b. Handouts from the ACSM-EP on new exercise routines c. A spouse who praises your client on the progress that has been made d. A group fitness instructor encouraging your client's attendance in more classes

c. A spouse who praises your client on the progress that has been made

An ideal exercise to improve the activities of daily living for a client who has back pain would be: a. The leg extension machine. b. A BOSU ball squat holding dumbbells at chest level. c. A squat against the wall with a stability ball behind the back. d. The supine leg press.

c. A squat against the wall with a stability ball behind the back.

Which of the following medications have no primary effect on heart rate, but can lower blood pressure? a. Diuretics b. Bronchodilators c. ACE inhibitors d. Calcium channel blockers

c. ACE inhibitors

Which of the following indicates you should not let your client exercise that day and should refer them to a physician? a. Feelings of depression b. A resting blood pressure of 130/84 mm Hg c. Abnormally uncomfortable awareness of breathing d. A resting heart rate of 72 bpm

c. Abnormally uncomfortable awareness of breathing

Type 1 diabetes is characterized by which of the following? a. Decreased insulin resistance b. Excess fat in thighs c. Absolute deficiency in blood insulin release d. Excess fat in the abdomen

c. Absolute deficiency in blood insulin release

The benefit of participation in exercise would outweigh the risk for which of the following conditions? a. Acute aortic dissection b. Decompensated heart failure c. Acquired advanced heart block d. Active endocarditis

c. Acquired advanced heart block

Your client with diagnosed hypertension shows up to your training session with a cold but says she is fine as she took over-the-counter cold pills. You should: a. Ask what medication she took and research it prior to beginning the session. b. Proceed with the training session as normal if the client says she feels okay. c. Adjust the exercise intensity and duration to avoid excessive increases in blood pressure. d. Tell the client you have to cancel the training session because it is unsafe for her to exercise.

c. Adjust the exercise intensity and duration to avoid excessive increases in blood pressure.

A third-degree ligament sprain is characterized by: a. Few torn ligamentous fibers. b. Almost half of ligamentous fibers torn. c. All ligamentous fibers torn. d. Mild instability.

c. All ligamentous fibers torn.

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the mode of flexibility during warm-up and cool-down? a. Dynamic flexibility provides greater ROM gains during cool-down. b. PNF stretching is an ideal mode during warm-up or cool-down. c. All modes are effective and may be used during warm-up and/or cool-down. d. Static flexibility gains are best achieved during warm-up.

c. All modes are effective and may be used during warm-up and/or cool-down.

Minimizing the length of the ________ phase maximizes the use of elastic energy in plyometric training. a. Concentric b. Eccentric c. Amortization d. Isometric

c. Amortization

Which of the following phases in plyometric training must be as short as possible to maximize training adaptations? a. Power b. Eccentric c. Amortization d. Concentric

c. Amortization

A medical emergency policy should require that staff: a. Have a specific role during emergency procedures. b. Have advanced life support training. c. Are certified in CPR with AED. d. Are certified paramedics or EMTs.

c. Are certified in CPR with AED.

In the communication process, listening is: a. Secondary to understanding. b. The most important. c. As important as speaking. d. An effective sales tactic.

c. As important as speaking.

When comparing strength between two individuals, you should: a. Compare load of a 10 repetition maximum. b. Assess strength by comparing absolute strength. c. Assess strength by comparing relative strength. d. Compare load of a one repetition maximum.

c. Assess strength by comparing relative strength.

The Theory of Planned Behavior suggests that successful behavior change is dependent on the client's subjective norms, perceived control, and: a. Past success at behavior change. b. Social network. c. Attitude. d. Self-efficacy.

c. Attitude.

One way that an ACSM-EP can reduce the risk of overuse injury is to: a. Only use weight-bearing activities. b. Implement plyometrics with novice clients. c. Avoid increasing multiple exercise variables simultaneously. d. Increase frequency of the activity by two to three days/week.

c. Avoid increasing multiple exercise variables simultaneously.

Sending a reminder of a training session via an e-mail to your client may help with: a. Self-monitoring. b. Goal setting. c. Avoiding relapse. d. Social barriers.

c. Avoiding relapse.

Which of the following individuals are often at risk for other chronic diseases and may need additional medical screening? a. Fasting HDL cholesterol of 60 mg/dL b. Fasting blood glucose of 98 mg · dL−1 c. BMI rating of 35 d. Resting blood pressure of 130/85 mm Hg

c. BMI rating of 35

Which of the following motor skills are ideal to promote neuromotor training? a. Agility, flexibility, and balance b. Power, speed, and agility c. Balance, agility, and coordination d. Power, coordination, and flexibility

c. Balance, agility, and coordination

Which of the following is MOST accurate regarding the social ecological model? a. Ecological mapping often discourages physical activity b. Support is mainly provided through knowledge and skills c. Behavior change is linked to relationships, environment, and community d. Gradual changes in behavior are linked to social support

c. Behavior change is linked to relationships, environment, and community

Which of the following is not a standardized skinfold site? a. Triceps b. Chest c. Buttocks/hips d. Abdominals

c. Buttocks/hips

How can increased sweat rates during exercise in a hot environment increase the risk for dehydration? a. By increasing sodium concentration b. By increasing stroke volume c. By reducing plasma volume d. By increasing potassium concentration

c. By reducing plasma volume

Which blood vessel is the location of gas and nutrient exchange? a. Arteriole b. Venule c. Capillary d. Artery

c. Capillary

Syncope during exercise may result from cardiac disorders that prevent the normal rise in: a. Heart rate. b. Blood pressure. c. Cardiac output. d. Respiration rate.

c. Cardiac output.

An individual is more likely to adopt a problem management coping strategy when the situation is appraised as: a. Simple. b. Uncontrollable. c. Changeable. d. Challenging.

c. Changeable.

Stable ischemia is characterized by which of the following? a. Pain in the upper extremities when performing upper extremity exercise b. Pain that occurs during very little exertional stress or at rest c. Chest pain that subsides when exercise intensity decreases or stops d. Pain in the lower extremities when performing lower extremity exercise

c. Chest pain that subsides when exercise intensity decreases or stops

To minimize any emergent event during exercise testing or training, it is critical that the ACSM-EP: a. Assess the client's exercise intensity threshold and maintain intensity below it. b. Post highly visible emergency procedures and phone numbers in prominent areas. c. Conduct appropriate screening on each client as a first step. d. Obtain a signed informed consent to minimize liability.

c. Conduct appropriate screening on each client as a first step.

Ankle edema may be indicative of which of the following? a. Anterior compartment syndrome b. Claudication c. Congestive heart failure d. Posterior compartment syndrome

c. Congestive heart failure

A client with diabetes whose blood glucose is less than 70 mg · dL−1 before or during exercise should: a. Drink about 12 ounces of a diet drink. b. Take medication that is quick acting. c. Consume a snack of about 15 grams of carbohydrates. d. Rest until blood glucose levels return to ideal levels.

c. Consume a snack of about 15 grams of carbohydrates.

Which of the following is a skill-related aspect of physical activity? a. Strength b. Ability c. Coordination d. Endurance

c. Coordination

Evaluation of stressors includes determining coping resources, emotional reaction, and: a. Stressor severity. b. Exercise adherence. c. Coping self-efficacy. d. Active listening.

c. Coping self-efficacy.

Joseph has reached his strength and body composition goals by strength training three days per week for an hour each day over the last few months. He now wants to focus on maintaining his strength while on summer vacation for a month. Which program would be MOST appropriate? a. Decrease weight load and total sets, and utilize primarily free weight exercises b. Use a three-day split routine performing three sets and 4-6 repetitions c. Decrease frequency to two days per week, training the total body for at least one set d. Decrease the time spent strength training to 30 minutes, and train five days per week

c. Decrease frequency to two days per week, training the total body for at least one set

To address relapse prevention, the ACSM-EP can: a. Educate clients on their personal susceptibility to disease. b. Review with clients the risk of a sedentary lifestyle. c. Develop plans for maintaining activity when work gets stressful. d. Focus on identifying the benefits of regular activity.

c. Develop plans for maintaining activity when work gets stressful.

While training your client, the equipment being used is making a strange noise and is not operating smoothly. You should: a. Discontinue using the equipment and change to another exercise for the same muscle group. b. Continue using the equipment and report the noise to the facility manager immediately afterward. c. Discontinue using the equipment and mark the equipment as out of order. d. Continue using the equipment and attempt to determine the cause of the problem.

c. Discontinue using the equipment and mark the equipment as out of order.

A client is frustrated with his difficulty in reaching his personal goal of losing 30 pounds in eight weeks. You should: a. Recommend a more severe caloric restriction. b. Suggest a greater emphasis on strength training. c. Discuss the client's expectations and examine his goals. d. Suggest an increase in the level of intensity or duration of aerobic activity.

c. Discuss the client's expectations and examine his goals.

________ resistance training features both a lifting phase and lowering phase during each repetition. a. Eccentric b. Concentric c. Dynamic constant external d. Isokinetic

c. Dynamic constant external

Which of the following is an example of informational support? a. Coworkers who give feedback on the changes they have seen in your client b. A spouse taking a walk with the client c. E-mails from health websites about how to incorporate exercise into your client's life d. A spouse offering to cook dinner while your client works out

c. E-mails from health websites about how to incorporate exercise into your client's life

To help your client transition from the contemplation stage of change to the preparation stage of change, you should intervene using: a. A health risk appraisal. b. Relapse prevention strategies. c. Educational materials. d. Periodic goal evaluation.

c. Educational materials.

When using the ACSM preparticipation screening algorithm, the ACSM-EP must determine is the client has a diagnosed CMR disease. Which of the following would NOT classify as a diagnosed CMR disease? a. Presence of a pacemaker b. Renal failure c. Emphysema d. Type 2 diabetes

c. Emphysema

Background checks are typically conducted by fitness facilities to verify which of the following? a. Compensation history b. Security clearance c. Employment history d. Credit history

c. Employment history

To maximize safety and effectiveness in exercise programming, facility managers should: a. Require that members undergo a maximal functional capacity test. b. Require that members undergo a submaximal functional capacity test. c. Ensure that members receive a formal and comprehensive orientation. d. Sign the assumption of risk waiver and informed consent.

c. Ensure that members receive a formal and comprehensive orientation.

Which of the following hormones is released by the kidneys in response to an ascent to altitude? a. Angiotensinogen b. Antidiuretic hormone c. Erythropoietin d. Aldosterone

c. Erythropoietin

Obese clients benefit MOST from which of the following? a. Balance and flexibility b. Flexibility and cardiovascular exercise c. Exercise and dietary restrictions d. Cardiovascular training

c. Exercise and dietary restrictions

To ensure agreement between the ACSM-EP and the client with respect to motivation and goals, the ACSM-EP should: a. Allow the client to plan the initial training activities. b. Determine the client's present level of physical fitness. c. Explore the client's expectations and prior experience. d. Establish a basic program for the client to start a regimen.

c. Explore the client's expectations and prior experience.

Using a behavior contract is one strategy that may be implemented when the client demonstrates a need for: a. Intrinsic motivation. b. Program variety. c. Extrinsic motivation. d. Avoiding a relapse.

c. Extrinsic motivation.

In social cognitive theory, the most effective way to improve self-efficacy toward physical activity is to: a. Provide feedback on the participant's past performances. b. Use relapse prevention techniques. c. Focus interventions on ways to achieve the desired behavior. d. Help clients identify barriers to physical activity.

c. Focus interventions on ways to achieve the desired behavior.

An example of intrinsic motivation is when one: a. Posts pictures on social media. b. Exercises as directed by a medical professional. c. Gets excited about an upcoming workout. d. Exercises in order to get a health insurance discount.

c. Gets excited about an upcoming workout.

Per the USDA, the makeup of a healthful plate of food should consist of: a. One-quarter whole grains. b. One-third fruits. c. Half fruits and vegetables. d. One-third vegetables.

c. Half fruits and vegetables.

When creating or adopting an informed consent document, the ACSM-EP should always: a. Make the form no more than one page. b. Provide verbal explanation in addition to using the form with clients. c. Have legal counsel review document(s). d. Provide an area for a parent or guardian signature.

c. Have legal counsel review document(s).

Which of the following provides emotional support for a new client? a. Showing baseline and progress toward goals frequently b. Having family members assist in achieving short-term goals c. Having family and friends encourage regular attendance d. Providing praise and reward when possible

c. Having family and friends encourage regular attendance

One way to motivate clients to adhere to their exercise program is to: a. Educate clients about contraindicated exercises. b. Be a knowledgeable resource to accurately answer health and fitness questions. c. Help clients set realistic goals and modify them as needed. d. Demonstrate specific techniques for various exercises.

c. Help clients set realistic goals and modify them as needed.

Which of the following are actions to take when you suspect a client is having a mild hypoglycemic incident? a. Call EMS rescuers, start the steps of CPR, and get an available AED. b. Help the client sit down; give insulin if it is available. c. Help the client sit down; give a sugary drink if the client can swallow. d. Immediately call for EMS rescuers to respond, and monitor the client.

c. Help the client sit down; give a sugary drink if the client can swallow.

The negative risk factor for cardiovascular disease is: a. Sedentary lifestyle. b. Body mass index. c. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol. d. Family history.

c. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

The negative effects of a lower metabolic rate include which of the following? a. Higher resting heart rate b. Elevated blood pressure c. Higher body weight d. Increased lean muscle mass

c. Higher body weight

To properly perform dynamic stretching, the muscles should: a. Be placed in peak tension for several seconds followed by an active contraction of the same muscles. b. Use the momentum of the moving body segment to produce peak muscle tension. c. Incorporate movements that are specific to sport movement. d. Be held in a stationary position for several seconds at peak tension.

c. Incorporate movements that are specific to sport movement.

Which of the following is a normal response to an acute bout of cardiorespiratory exercise? a. Decrease in ventilation rate b. Increase in diastolic blood pressure c. Increase in systolic blood pressure d. Decrease in heart rate

c. Increase in systolic blood pressure

A client has been completing the following exercise protocol for the barbell deadlift exercise three times per week for the past six weeks: First set: 6 repetitions; 275 pounds Second set: 5 repetitions; 265 pounds Third set: 5 repetitions; 265 pounds Fourth set: 4 repetitions; 250 pounds He states that for the past two sessions the last set has not challenged him. What is the MOST appropriate adjustment to his program to continue increasing muscular strength? a. Perform a fifth set using 245 pounds b. Increase the number of repetitions of each set c. Increase the load for all sets by 5-10 pounds d. Hold the top position longer

c. Increase the load for all sets by 5-10 pounds

Which of the following is a measure of improved cardiorespiratory fitness? a. Increased heart rate at a given submaximal workload b. Increased VO2 at a given submaximal workload c. Increased maximal oxygen consumption d. Increased respiration rate at maximal workload

c. Increased maximal oxygen consumption

The offering of advice to a friend about where to purchase food from local farms is an example of which type of social support? a. Instrumental b. Emotional c. Informational d. Companionship

c. Informational

Sending an e-mail to your client concerning strategies to keep active while at work and traveling is an example of: a. Instrumental support. b. Appraisal support. c. Informational support. d. Emotional support.

c. Informational support.

Which of the following forms discusses the risks and benefits of performing assessments and exercise? a. Client intake form b. Certified Exercise Physiologist-Client Agreement c. Informed consent d. Medical clearance form

c. Informed consent

Which of the following is the most common risk factor that is associated with exercise? a. Sprain of the shoulder joint b. Injuries at the lumbar spine c. Injuries at the knee or foot d. Strain of the rotator cuff

c. Injuries at the knee or foot

Before fitness testing and training, initial client assessment should include health issues, exercise history, and: a. Sit-and-reach and straight leg raise test. b. Self-assessment results performed by the client. c. Intended time frame for achieving desired goals. d. Client's knowledge of basic anatomy and physiology.

c. Intended time frame for achieving desired goals.

A client who performs exercise because of the feeling of well-being after completion demonstrates: s. Self-efficacy. b. Extrinsic motivation. c. Intrinsic motivation. d. Self-esteem.

c. Intrinsic motivation.

People are more likely to adopt healthy lifestyles and fitness regimens for the long run if they are ________. a. Extrinsically motivated b. Former athletes c. Intrinsically motivated d. Self-starters

c. Intrinsically motivated

Helping clients set realistic goals is a good practice for the ACSM-EP because: a. Exercise prescriptions are less complicated. b. Sessions are more effective. c. It promotes exercise adherence. d. Clients will be happier and more satisfied.

c. It promotes exercise adherence.

You have a 4-foot, 8-inch tall female client who is obese and would like to build lower body strength. Which exercise variation is best suited for her? a. Leg curl machine b. Hip extension machine c. Kettlebell squat d. Leg extension machine

c. Kettlebell squat

Which of the following best describes active listening? a. Asking the client to repeat herself as needed b. Listening to the client with minimal interruption c. Listening to verbal and observing nonverbal language d. Writing detailed notes after the client responds to your questions

c. Listening to verbal and observing nonverbal language

Which of the following is a benefit of acclimatization of exercise to a cold environment? a. Maintenance of serum glucose b. Increased levels of circulating catecholamines c. Maintenance of hand and foot temperature d. Increased levels of cortisol

c. Maintenance of hand and foot temperature

Which of the following is a characteristic of a stabilizer muscle? a. Fast twitch b. Superficial c. Major contributor to proprioception d. Gross movement

c. Major contributor to proprioception

The client screening process can be broken down into three phases comprising risk classification, health history evaluation and related assessments, and: a. Body composition measurement. b. Informed consent. c. Medical clearance or referral (if needed). d. Prior exercise history.

c. Medical clearance or referral (if needed).

Your hypertensive client has been cleared to exercise by a physician. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate program? a. Stationary cycling and salt restriction b. Moderate cardiovascular and high-intensity strength training c. Moderate cardiovascular and low-intensity resistance training d. Dietary restriction and high-intensity cardiovascular training

c. Moderate cardiovascular and low-intensity resistance training

Per the FITT principle, the MINIMUM threshold of frequency for aerobic exercise is: a. Combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise, five days per week. b. Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, five days per week. c. Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, three days per week. d. Vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise, five days per week.

c. Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, three days per week.

The Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study has demonstrated that more physically fit individuals have reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and: a. Cancer. b. Stroke. c. Mortality. d. Heart disease.

c. Mortality.

Chronic autoimmune diseases impacted by psychological stress include HIV and: a. Cancer. b. Cardiovascular disease. c. Multiple sclerosis. d. Diabetes.

c. Multiple sclerosis.

Two common nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that should be used cautiously in diabetic patients due to increased risk of hypoglycemia are ibuprofen and: a. Diphenhydramine HCL. b. Tylenol. c. Naproxen. d. Ephedrine.

c. Naproxen.

One of the key health concerns of having a high stress level, which exercise can positively impact, is: a. Limited social support network. b. Poor interpersonal skills. c. Negative blood lipoprotein levels. d. Inability to concentrate.

c. Negative blood lipoprotein levels.

Tai chi is considered which type of exercise? a. Strength b. Flexibility c. Neuromotor d. Power

c. Neuromotor

When assessing body composition using skinfolds, the skinfold sites must be: a. On the lower extremity. b. On the left side. c. On the right side. d. On the upper extremity.

c. On the right side.

A 30-year-old potential client states she just had a physical and was informed by her physician that her total cholesterol and blood pressure looked great. You review her medical history and note she is taking vitamins and antihypertensive medication. Based on this profile, she would be considered as having how many risk factors? a. Two b. Three c. One d. Zero

c. One

Which of the following is the gold standard for assessing cardiorespiratory fitness? a. 1.5 mile walk/run test b. Cooper 12-Minute Walk/Run Test c. Open circuit spirometry during graded exercise to fatigue d. Astrand-Rhyming Cycle Ergometer Test

c. Open circuit spirometry during graded exercise to fatigue

Which of the following indicates a client has diabetes? a. Family history of neuropathy in the feet. b. Fasting blood glucose of 115 mg/dL on at least two separate occasions c. Oral glucose tolerance test of 250 mg/dL on at least two separate occasions d. Family history of early-onset diabetes

c. Oral glucose tolerance test of 250 mg/dL on at least two separate occasions

Dyspnea that occurs at rest in a recumbent position and is relieved upon sitting upright or standing is called: a. Obstructive pulmonary disease. b. Syncope. c. Orthopnea. d. Edema.

c. Orthopnea.

A client with a calculated BMI of 26.7 would classify as: a. Underweight. b. Normal weight. c. Overweight. d. Obese.

c. Overweight.

Which energy system is primarily responsible for resynthesizing ATP during submaximal exercise lasting longer than three minutes? a. Creatine phosphate b. Anaerobic glycolysis c. Oxidative phosphorylation d. Aerobic glycolysis

c. Oxidative phosphorylation

An example of variety in training is: a. Progressive overload. b. Specific adaptations to imposed demands. c. Periodized training. d. Prioritized training.

c. Periodized training.

Which of the following is a self-guided screening questionnaire that focuses on symptoms of heart disease and possible musculoskeletal problems needing evaluation before beginning an exercise program? a. Health history evaluation b. Exercise readiness inventory c. Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q+) d. AHA/ACSM Health/Fitness Facility Preparticipation Screening Questionnaire

c. Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q+)

Which of the following types of training consists of quick, powerful movements that involve a rapid stretch of a muscle immediately followed by a rapid shortening of the same muscle? a. Eccentric b. Concentric c. Plyometric d. Powerlifting

c. Plyometric

Which of the following provides ideal stress on the bone to promote positive adaptations in the bone? a. Indoor cycling b. Swimming c. Plyometric training d. Indoor rowing

c. Plyometric training

Which type of training takes advantage of the stretch-shortening cycle of the muscle? a. Forced repetitions b. Breakdown sets c. Plyometric training d. Olympic lifts

c. Plyometric training

Which of the following assessments are MOST important for gathering information for designing a resistace training program? a. Anaerobic power, oral glucose tolerance test, blood lipids, and spirometry b. Cardiorespiratory fitness using the submaximal talk test to determine HR at VT1 c. Posture, functional movement, muscular strength, and endurance d. Blood pressure, resting heart rate, body composition, and waist-to-hip ratio

c. Posture, functional movement, muscular strength, and endurance

Which of the following exercises is MOST effective in increasing muscular power? a. Bench press b. Squat c. Power clean d. Deadlift

c. Power clean

Tort law that regulates issues around professional liability for incidents caused due to conditions where training activity takes place is referred to as: a. Service location negligence. b. Fitness setting guidelines. c. Premises liability. d. Facility standards.

c. Premises liability.

Which of the following stages of the transtheoretical model is characterized by an individual doing physical activity but not meeting ACSM guidelines? a. Precontemplation b. Contemplation c. Preparation d. Action

c. Preparation

Which of the following would protect the ACSM-EP against errors and omissions? a. General liability b. No-fault insurance c. Professional indemnity insurance d. Business interruption

c. Professional indemnity insurance

For an individual to induce adaptation and obtain further benefits of exercise, which of the following principles must be incorporated? a. Specificity b. FITT c. Progressive overload d. Reversibility

c. Progressive overload

A client sprains her ankle during a training session and is noticeably limping. You should: a. Apply ice and bandage the ankle before continuing with the exercise. b. Contact the client's physician, apply ice, and give the client an anti-inflammatory agent. c. Protect the injured area, rest the ankle, apply ice and compression, then elevate the ankle. d. Rest the ankle, then apply alternate heat and ice treatment before elevating it.

c. Protect the injured area, rest the ankle, apply ice and compression, then elevate the ankle.

Where does blood flow immediately after passing through the right ventricle? a. Right atrium b. Left atrium c. Pulmonary artery d. Aorta

c. Pulmonary artery

The frequency of breathing multiplied by the volume of air moved per breath, per minute, is known as: a. Tidal volume. b. Ventilatory threshold. c. Pulmonary ventilation. d. Respiratory rate.

c. Pulmonary ventilation.

The function of the right ventricle is to: a. Pump oxygenated blood out of its chamber and through the vasculature. b. Pump oxygenated blood through the descending aorta and into the upper extremity. c. Pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygen loading and carbon dioxide unloading. d. Pump deoxygenated blood through the ascending aorta and into the lower extremity.

c. Pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygen loading and carbon dioxide unloading.

Which exercise will require a strong core component? a. Machine hamstring curl b. Standing barbell bicep curl with feet close together c. Push-up on a stability ball with feet close together d. Bench press from the floor

c. Push-up on a stability ball with feet close together

In which of the following muscles is a strain most likely to occur? a. Biceps brachii b. Latissimus dorsi c. Quadriceps femoris d. Transverse abdominis

c. Quadriceps femoris

During the concentric phase of extension at the knee joint, the ________ work as an agonist and the ________ work as the antagonist. a. Iliopsoas, gastrocnemius b. Gastrocnemius, iliopsoas c. Quadriceps, hamstrings d. Hamstrings, quadriceps

c. Quadriceps, hamstrings

The risk factor for smoking no longer applies for which of the following? a. Quit smoking for four months b. Quit smoking for two months c. Quit smoking for nine months d. Quit smoking for one month

c. Quit smoking for nine months

A female client wants to feel good for her 20th high school reunion in 3 months. Her goal is to lower her body fat percentage by 12%. Her profile is as follows: Age: 38Weight: 165 poundsHeight: 5 feet, 8 inchesBody fat: 30%Activity level: SedentaryLean body mass: 110 pounds Which or the following is MOST appropriate? a. Divide her target goal into equal weekly objectives. b. Boost basal metabolic activity by high-intensity strength training. c. Reassess and adjust her body fat percentage goal. d. Increase her metabolism with aerobic activity.

c. Reassess and adjust her body fat percentage goal.

During pregnancy, resistance and flexibility exercises in the supine position should be avoided to prevent which of the following? a. Ankle edema b. Exercise-induced hypertension c. Reduction in venous return d. Diaphoresis

c. Reduction in venous return

The final and critical last step in professionally supervised initial client screening is to: a. Complete an informed consent. b. Determine if a medical evaluation is necessary. c. Refer the client to a physician if warranted. d. Complete a health history questionnaire.

c. Refer the client to a physician if warranted.

Which type of routine would be BEST for a client with low back pain? a. Light rowing machine work to strengthen the low back b. Stretching all the lower trunk and lower leg muscles c. Restorative exercise designed to improve the structural integrity of the lower trunk d. Flexion and rotation exercises of the trunk to increase strength

c. Restorative exercise designed to improve the structural integrity of the lower trunk

Which part of the heart is responsible for pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygen loading and carbon dioxide unloading? a. Left ventricle b. Right atria c. Right ventricle d. Left atria

c. Right ventricle

The training principle that describes the need to swim if you want to get better at swimming, cycle to improve at cycling, run to gain skill at running, is: a. Overtraining. b. Periodization. c. SAID. d. Overload.

c. SAID.

Running is done predominately in what plane of movement? a. Transverse b. Horizontal c. Sagittal d. Frontal

c. Sagittal

Basketball takes place in predominantly which plane? a. Sagittal b. Sagittal and frontal c. Sagittal, frontal, and transverse d. Frontal and transverse

c. Sagittal, frontal, and transverse

One of the ways therapeutic massage aids in stress management is by: a. Improving muscle tone. b. Repairing the stretch reflex. c. Slowing secretion of stress hormones. d. Quieting mind chatter.

c. Slowing secretion of stress hormones.

The skill-related components of physical fitness include: a. Speed, flexibility, coordination, balance, power, and strength. b. Agility, speed, coordination, balance, reaction time, and endurance. c. Speed, agility, coordination, balance, power, and reaction time. d. Agility, flexibility, coordination, balance, power, and endurance.

c. Speed, agility, coordination, balance, power, and reaction time.

An individual performs strength training for the chest and triceps on Monday, legs on Tuesday, back and biceps on Wednesday, and trunk on Thursday. This is known as: a. Circuit training. b. Total body training. c. Split routine training. d. Tri-set training.

c. Split routine training.

Which stretching technique involves holding each stretch to the point of tension for 15 to 30 seconds? a. Ballistic b. Dynamic c. Static d. Active isolated

c. Static

Which of the following BEST describes a VO2 plateau that occurs during submaximal exercise where energy production is equal to energy requirements? a. Homeostasis b. Kinetic balance c. Steady state d. Oxygen equilibrium

c. Steady state

During a treadmill workout at 2.5 mph, your 45-year-old male client who exercises on a regular basis starts to have abnormally uncomfortable awareness of breathing. You should: a. Continue to increase the speed as this is a normal response to exercise. b. Reduce the speed to 1 mph, and have him continue walking. c. Stop the exercise session, and refer him to his physician. d. Check his pulse and blood pressure, and resume the workout if rates are normal.

c. Stop the exercise session, and refer him to his physician.

You notice a member of your fitness facility on the elliptical trainer who is shaking her left arm and rubbing her chest. She states that she is okay and tells you her chest is feeling tight. You should: a. Explain and demonstrate how she can later stretch her chest after her cool-down. b. Suggest that she switch to a nonweight-bearing mode such as cycling. c. Stop the exercise, have her immediately cool down by walking around, and monitor for additional signs or symptoms. d. Let her know that you were concerned, and encourage her to keep exercising.

c. Stop the exercise, have her immediately cool down by walking around, and monitor for additional signs or symptoms.

In describing the relationship between weight and energy, if a person eats more than he expends, the excess energy is ________, and body weight will ________. a. Burned; increase b. Burned; decrease c. Stored; increase d. Stored; decrease

c. Stored; increase

During the initial adjustment period to high altitude, what physiological change occurs during exercise? a. Heart rate decreases b. Diastolic blood pressure decreases c. Stroke volume decreases d. Pulmonary ventilation decreases

c. Stroke volume decreases

Which of the following utilizes a DIAGONAL fold when assessing body composition via skinfold calipers? a. Medial calf b. Midaxillary c. Supraliac d. Biceps

c. Supraliac

Muscles that assist in a movement are called: a. Stabilizers. b. Antagonists. c. Synergists. d. Agonists.

c. Synergists.

Using social cognitive theory, which of the following best describes a client striving to adopt lifestyle changes? a. The client feels incompetent because he cannot balance well on one leg for 20 seconds or more b. The client feels like a failure because he cannot perform a plank for more than 10 seconds c. The client believes he can lose 2 pounds a week for the next two months d. The client is confident he can double his push-up total in three weeks

c. The client believes he can lose 2 pounds a week for the next two months

Which of the following indicates that a client-centered approach is being used? a. The client is speaking at a normal pace b. The Certified Exercise Physiologist is asking closed-ended questions c. The client is talking more than the Certified Exercise Physiologist d. The Certified Exercise Physiologist is talking about behavior change

c. The client is talking more than the Certified Exercise Physiologist

When meeting with a client for the intial consulation, the client reports meeting the minimum physical activity requirements, does not report having an active disease diagnosis, but does report experiencing slight chest pain when recently moving large volumes of dirt in the garden. Based on the ACSM preparticipation screening algorithm, what is the recommended course of action? a. The client may begin a moderate-intensity exercise program b. The client may begin a vigorous-intensity exercise program c. The client should discontinue physical activity and seek medical clearance d. The client should participate in a graded exercise test monitored by the ACSM-EP

c. The client should discontinue physical activity and seek medical clearance

The most immediate source of ATP is: a. The Krebs cycle. b. Anaerobic glycolysis. c. The creatine phosphate system. d. Glycolysis.

c. The creatine phosphate system.

Which of the following is the mechanism of injury that leads to coronary artery disease? a. Inflammation of the epicardium secondary to risk factors b. An aortic valve failing to close properly during systole c. The formation of plaque in the elastic and smooth lining of the arteries d. A blood clot that breaks off and blocks an artery

c. The formation of plaque in the elastic and smooth lining of the arteries

In active listening, repeating what was heard back to the speaker ensures: a. The listener was paying attention. b. Emotions are included appropriately in the communication. c. The message was interpreted accurately. d. The person speaking has explained things clearly.

c. The message was interpreted accurately.

It is important to use theories and models for physical activity because: a. They identify the best way to promote activity adoption. b. Clients are so variable in their reasons for behavior adoption and cessation. c. They help provide understanding of health behavior adoption and maintenance. d. There is no one-size-fits-all answer to health behavior adoption.

c. They help provide understanding of health behavior adoption and maintenance.

Interview questions are considered fair only when: a. They are an open-ended type of question. b. They allow for impromptu questions based on the candidate's response. c. They specifically relate to an individual's ability to perform the stated job duties. d. They have been screened by the human resources department.

c. They specifically relate to an individual's ability to perform the stated job duties.

Muscle and bone strengthening activities for children and adolescents should be performed how many times per week? a. Seven b. Five c. Three d. One

c. Three

Your client is a 57-year-old male with a history of low back issues. His blood pressure is under control with antihypertensive medication, and he walks daily for 30 minutes. Based on this data, he has________ risk factors. a. One b. Three c. Two d. Four

c. Two

The duration of the tissue repair phase that occurs following an injury may last: a. Up to one week. b. Up to one month. c. Up to two months. d. Up to six months.

c. Up to two months.

Which of the following is MOST accurate as it relates to the ACSM-EP working with a client with cardiovascular disease (CVD)? a. The ACSM-EP has the requisite knowledge and skill to provide training and rehabilitation b. Cardiac rehabilitation must be conservative as it relates to intensity, duration, and progression c. Upon completion of a cardiac rehabilitation program, the ACSM-EP can provide a setting for stable CVD clients to continue safe exercise with proper supervision d. The ACSM-EP must first obtain medical clearance prior to providing rehabilitation services for this client

c. Upon completion of a cardiac rehabilitation program, the ACSM-EP can provide a setting for stable CVD clients to continue safe exercise with proper supervision

The ACSM-EP should calculate a client's desired body weight for: a. Use in calculating percentage body fat. b. Motivating the client. c. Use in weight loss goal setting and weight maintenance. d. Identifying potential disordered eating.

c. Use in weight loss goal setting and weight maintenance.

According to the FITT principle, the minimum number of minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity needed per session is: a. 15 minutes. b. 10 minutes. c. 30 minutes. d. 20 minutes.

d. 20 minutes.

If an activity requires a functional capacity of 6 METs, what is the total oxygen consumption of someone performing that activity? a. 0.6 mL/kg/min b. 10.5 mL/kg/min c. 6 mL/kg/min d. 21 mL/kg/min

d. 21 mL/kg/min

Overweight or obese clients who are seeking to lose weight should perform a minimum of ________ minutes of moderate-intensity exercise each week. a. 480 b. 360 c. 120 d. 250

d. 250

A 36-year-old female client would like to start playing tennis on the weekends. She has a BMI of 32 and has led a very sedentary lifestyle. Which of the following exercise programs is most appropriate? a. 15-20 minutes of walking, three times per week, and 10-15 minutes of sprint intervals, one day per week. b. 30-45 minutes of walking and jogging intervals, two to three times per week, at 60%-70% of HRR c. Light tennis workouts on Saturday, and walking for 30-45 minutes on Sunday d. 30 minutes of walking per day, five days per week, at 40%-59% of HRR

d. 30 minutes of walking per day, five days per week, at 40%-59% of HRR

Flexibility activities for older adults that target joint mobility should be held for approximately: a. 20 seconds. b. 2 minutes. c. 10 seconds. d. 30 to 60 seconds.

d. 30 to 60 seconds.

ACSM defines moderate exercise as: a. 50% to less than 70% VO2R. b. 50% to less than 80% VO2R. c. 40% to less than 70% VO2R. d. 40% to less than 60% VO2R.

d. 40% to less than 60% VO2R.

Which of the following refers to oxygen consumption in relative terms? a. 53 ml/min b. 5.3 L · min c. 5.3 METs d. 53 ml · kg · min

d. 53 ml · kg · min

For a Type 1 diabetic, which of the following preexercise blood glucose levels is an indication to ingest a carbohydrate snack? a. 125 mg/dL b. 100 mg/dL c. 90 mg/dL d. 65 mg/dL

d. 65 mg/dL

Which of the following percentages of one-repetition maximum (1-RM) are most appropriate for optimizing strength gains? a. 55%-60% b. 65%-70% c. 75%-80% d. 85%-90%

d. 85%-90%

The relationship between physical activity and risk of developing cardiovascular disease can best be described as: a. Scientifically proven. b. Questionable pending further research. c. Dependent on CVD risk profile. d. A dose-response relationship.

d. A dose-response relationship.

Which of the following is an abnormal response to an acute bout of cardiorespiratory exercise? a. A 10% increase in ventilation rate b. An increase in heart rate by more than 10 bpm c. An increase in systolic blood pressure from starting rate by 10 mm Hg d. A drop in systolic blood pressure by 10 mm Hg

d. A drop in systolic blood pressure by 10 mm Hg

Which of the following is an example of instrumental support? a. The ACSM-EP providing handouts on new exercise routines b. Coworkers giving feedback on the changes they have seen in your client c. A group fitness instructor encouraging your client's attendance in more classes d. A friend offering to pick up your client's dry cleaning to give your client more time to work out

d. A friend offering to pick up your client's dry cleaning to give your client more time to work out

Ischemia is caused by: a. Decreased stroke volume. b. Left ventricular dysfunction. c. Chest pain. d. A lack of oxygenated blood flow to the tissue.

d. A lack of oxygenated blood flow to the tissue.

Which individual is MOST likely to adhere to a given physical activity program? a. A motivated beginner who elects to begin a vigorous-intensity exercise program b. An obese man who is motivated by a fear of adverse health conditions that are common in his family c. An individual who perceives his health to be poor and has been encouraged by his doctor to exercise d. A middle-aged man who has prehypertension but believes he has personal control over his health

d. A middle-aged man who has prehypertension but believes he has personal control over his health

Given the following complete health and medical history, which client has one risk factor? a. A 46-year-old male with cholesterol of 208 mg/dL who desires to begin training for his first marathon b. A 21-year-old female who has slight scoliosis with tightness on left hip abductors c. A 32-year-old male with family history of heart disease and prediabetes d. A physically active 55-year-old female

d. A physically active 55-year-old female

Which of the following identifies clients who are at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease? a. Health/fitness assessment b. PAR-Q+ c. Health history evaluation d. ACSM atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factor assessment

d. ACSM atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factor assessment

Which of the following is a standardized skinfold measurement site? a. Anterior tibialis b. Lateral calf c. Deltoid d. Abdominal

d. Abdominal

For most obese individuals, increased exercise will promote the loss of regional fat, especially in: a. Thigh fat deposits. b. Triceps fat deposits. c. Gluteal fat deposits. d. Abdominal fat deposits.

d. Abdominal fat deposits.

Dyspnea is defined as: a. Abnormally low breathing rate. b. Complete breathlessness. c. Exercise-induced shortness of breath. d. Abnormally uncomfortable awareness of breathing.

d. Abnormally uncomfortable awareness of breathing.

The amount of aerobic activity recommended for older adults is: a. About the same that is recommended for all adults but with an emphasis on vigorous activity. b. Slightly less than is recommended for all adults. c. Slightly more than is recommended for all adults. d. About the same that is recommended for all adults.

d. About the same that is recommended for all adults.

As the ACSM-EP is conducting the initial interview, she identifies one of the client's statements that can be used for teaching and learning opportunities. In doing so, she is demonstrating: a. Appreciative inquiry. b. Genuineness. c. Empathy. d. Active listening.

d. Active listening.

All of the following components make up total energy expenditure (TEE) EXCEPT: a. Thermic effect of food. b. Physical activity expenditure. c. Resting metabolic rate. d. Adiabatic transfer.

d. Adiabatic transfer.

Which of the following populations should take precautions to maintain hydration in warm environments because their sweat rates are much lower in general? a. Overweight b. Diabetics c. Pregnant women d. Adolescents

d. Adolescents

While play-based strengthening activities are best for very young children, older children and adolescents can do well in structured programs. One important note for adolescents to consider in designing strength programs is: a. Weightlifting moves should only be used for advanced, well-trained adolescents. b. The ACSM-EP should avoid the use of medicine balls and resistance bands. c. Only child-sized resistance equipment and dumbbells should be used. d. Adolescents at the same chronological age may have different biological ages.

d. Adolescents at the same chronological age may have different biological ages.

Which routine would be BEST for a client with hypertension? a. Aerobic exercise two to three times per week, for 15 to 20 minutes, at a high intensity b. Resistance training most or all days of the week, as a circuit for 30 to 45 minutes, at a moderate intensity c. Resistance training three times per week, for 30 to 60 minutes, at a low intensity d. Aerobic exercise on most or all days of the week, for 30 to 60 minutes, at a low intensity

d. Aerobic exercise on most or all days of the week, for 30 to 60 minutes, at a low intensity

Muscular fitness tests are specific to the muscle groups being assessed and: a. The velocity of movement. b. The joint range of motion. c. The type of equipment available. d. All answers are correct.

d. All answers are correct.

According to the SAID principle, adaptations to resistance training are specific to the muscle actions, velocity of movement, and: a. Exercise range of motion. b. Energy systems involved. c. Intensity and volume of training. d. All given answers are correct.

d. All given answers are correct.

Age-related reductions in joint range of motion due to reduced collagen solubility and increased tendon rigidity may be exacerbated by: a. Decreased physical activity levels. b. Past injuries. c. Degenerative joint disease. d. All of the answers are correct.

d. All of the answers are correct.

Myocardial ischemia is defined as: a. Tissue death of the myocardium. b. Impaired ability of cardiac tissue to undergo glycolysis. c. Complete blockage of a coronary artery. d. An imbalance between myocardial oxygen demand and supply.

d. An imbalance between myocardial oxygen demand and supply.

Which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? a. An individual whose high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is 40 mg/dL b. An individual whose blood glucose is 125 mg · dL−1 following an oral glucose tolerance test c. An individual who smokes cigars twice a year on special occasions d. An individual who quit smoking four months ago

d. An individual who quit smoking four months ago

Palpitations are BEST defined as: a. A sudden increase of heart rate during exertion. b. A heart rate that exceeds 100 beats per minute. c. A slowing down of heart rate that occurs during cool-down. d. An uncomfortable rhythm of heartbeats or forceful heartbeats.

d. An uncomfortable rhythm of heartbeats or forceful heartbeats.

Which of the following is associated with a higher risk of cardiometabolic disease? a. Overweight b. BMI of 25-29 c. Gynoid obesity d. Android obesity

d. Android obesity

A new client uses cycling as her primary form of exercise. Which of the following would be the most appropriate test to use in order to assess her cardiorespiratory fitness? a. Queens College Step Test b. Rockport Walking Test c. Ebbeling Treadmill Walking Test d. Astrand-Rhyming Cycle Ergometer Test

d. Astrand-Rhyming Cycle Ergometer Test

During the 1-RM bench press, it is important to: a. Inhale as you press the bar up. b. Keep the hands close together. c. Not lock the arms. d. Avoid a Valsalva maneuver.

d. Avoid a Valsalva maneuver.

Which motor skill should you focus on MOST when working with an older adult who has issues with falling? a. Power b. Agility c. Flexibility d. Balance

d. Balance

Which type of activity would benefit from having ballistic stretching in the warm-up? a. Running b. Swimming c. Cycling d. Basketball

d. Basketball

Both theories and models of behavior change deal with cognitive concepts and: a. Research implications. b. Social impact. c. Cognitive processes. d. Behavioral strategies.

d. Behavioral strategies.

Which of the following is the MOST important principle for individuals with Type 2 diabetes? a. Gradually losing weight of no more than 2 pounds per week b. Utilizing exercise modes for the lower extremity to offset the effects of neuropathy c. Performing strength training on large muscle groups d. Being physically active and exercising three to seven days per week

d. Being physically active and exercising three to seven days per week

For clients with cardiovascular disease, exercise intensity must be prescribed: a. At the myocardial ischemic threshold. b. At an intensity that is no higher than 85% of heart rate reserve. c. At an intensity that is higher than 75% of heart rate reserve. d. Below the myocardial ischemic threshold.

d. Below the myocardial ischemic threshold.

Over time, regular cardiovascular exercise reduces: a. Exercise threshold. b. Capillary density. c. Oxygen uptake. d. Blood pressure

d. Blood pressure

In pregnant women, vascular resistance decreases at rest, leading to a slight drop in: a. Heart rate. b. Stroke volume. c. Cardiac output. d. Blood pressure.

d. Blood pressure.

How can the total amount of energy expenditure associated with physical activity be determined? a. By considering the intensity of the activity b. By considering the duration of the activity c. By considering the frequency of the muscular contractions involved in the activity d. By determining the amount of muscle mass producing bodilty movements and the intensity, duration, and frequency of muscular contractions

d. By determining the amount of muscle mass producing bodilty movements and the intensity, duration, and frequency of muscular contractions

Which type of resistance training program would be best for a client with diabetes? a. Olympic lifting b. Strength training at 1-3 reps c. Plyometric training d. Circuit training at a low intensity

d. Circuit training at a low intensity

Which of the following prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, gender, religion, and national origin? a. Equal Pay Act of 1963 b. Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 c. Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 d. Civil Rights Act of 1964

d. Civil Rights Act of 1964

During the interview with your client, you ask, "So what you're saying is that you feel supported by your spouse but not by your kids when you need to make time to exercise?" You ask this in order to: a. Confirm your personal interpretation and assumptions. b. Understand the client's level of self-efficacy. c. Provide your personal points of view. d. Clarify the client's statements.

d. Clarify the client's statements.

Which of the following is the BEST strategy for maintaining a nutrient balance? a. Ingest foods rich in vitamins and minerals daily b. Eat organic fruits and vegetables c. Minimize consumption of red meat d. Consume a wide variety of foods

d. Consume a wide variety of foods

Which energy system is primarily used in plyometric standing box jumps in which the client fatigues in 10 seconds? a. Fatty-acid oxidation b. Oxidative system c. Anaerobic glycolysis d. Creatine phosphate

d. Creatine phosphate

Which of the following activities relies primarily on the oxidative system for energy? a. 100-meter swim b. 200-meter sprint c. Gymnastics d. Cycling

d. Cycling

In general, the first few days of exercise in a hot or humid environment should be modified by: a. Having multiple bouts of exercise instead of a single bout. b. Exercising on nonconsecutive days. c. Wiping off sweat with towels frequently to enhance cooling. d. Decreasing intensity and providing more rest periods.

d. Decreasing intensity and providing more rest periods.

In addition to fall prevention and improved functional limitations, regular exercise by older adults has proven to assist in managing conditions such as: a. Insomnia. b. Disordered eating. c. Delayed onset muscle soreness. d. Dementia.

d. Dementia.

What is the most important strategy when working with a client who is at risk for relapse? a. Enhancing the client's assertiveness b. Signing behavioral contracts c. Planning ahead and being prepared d. Developing a system of social support

d. Developing a system of social support

Which of the following physiological variables is stable or slightly decreases during graded exercise? a. Mean arterial pressure b. Pulmonary ventilation c. a-VO2 difference d. Diastolic blood pressure

d. Diastolic blood pressure

Which of the following is considered a normal hemodynamic response to exercise? a. Diastolic blood pressure will increase slightly b. Total peripheral resistance will increase slightly c. Systolic blood pressure will increase exponentially with workload d. Diastolic blood pressure will remain the same or slightly decrease

d. Diastolic blood pressure will remain the same or slightly decrease

Your client states that she is sore and experiencing some minor swelling in her joints following a weekend squash tournament. You should: a. Recommend the use of over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications. b. Provide deep tissue massage to help relieve the soreness. c. Recommend the use of a creatine supplement prior to her next tournament. d. Discuss the proper technique for icing affected areas.

d. Discuss the proper technique for icing affected areas.

A 66-year-old female client has very tight gastrocnemius muscles. To increase her flexibility, what is the recommended foot position and stretch duration? a. Inverted for 15 seconds b. Plantarflexed for 30 seconds c. Everted for 45 seconds d. Dorsiflexed for 60 seconds

d. Dorsiflexed for 60 seconds

Types of equipment used for dynamic constant external resistance include: a. Machines with cams. b. Unstable platform devices. c. Cable crossover machines. d. Dumbbells and kettlebells.

d. Dumbbells and kettlebells.

Which of the following may be part of an active warm-up that is similar to the actual training movements? a. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation b. Active isolated stretching c. Myofascial release d. Dynamic stretching

d. Dynamic stretching

The best type of stretch to include in a warm-up for walking or cycling is: a. Ballistic. b. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation. c. Static. d. Dynamic.

d. Dynamic.

Which of the following is one of the principal symptoms of both cardiac and pulmonary disease? a. Tachycardia b. Syncope c. Ischemia d. Dyspnea

d. Dyspnea

Which movement occurs in the frontal plane? a. Extension at the hip b. Supination at the wrist c. Flexion at the elbow d. Elevation of the scapula

d. Elevation of the scapula

The different methods of coping with stress include the two broad categories of problem-focused coping and: a. Distraction-focused coping. b. Behavioral-focused coping. c. Avoidance-focused coping. d. Emotion-focused coping.

d. Emotion-focused coping.

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 apply to which of the following? a. Environmental conditions b. Health care c. Job qualifications d. Employment discrimination

d. Employment discrimination

A new client tells you that she is struggling with exercise since her best friend who was her workout buddy just moved away. You should: a. Offer to increase the number of sessions per week that she has with you. b. Introduce her to another one of your clients who also needs a workout partner. c. Engage in discussion about the real issues behind her lack of motivation. d. Encourage her to join a training group or walking club to develop new social connections around exercise.

d. Encourage her to join a training group or walking club to develop new social connections around exercise.

Abdominal bracing involves: a. Engaging the stabilization of the quadratus lumborum. b. Drawing the abdomen into the spine using the rectus abdominis. c. A hollowing movement of the rectus abdominis and obliques. d. Engaging the stabilizers such as the transverse abdominis and multifidus.

d. Engaging the stabilizers such as the transverse abdominis and multifidus.

Which of the following FITT parameters are the MOST appropriate starting points for a client with cardiovascular disease? a. A single episode of 30-40 minutes b. A single episode of 45 minutes or longer c. Episodes of three to five minutes performed two or three times each day d. Episodes of 10-15 minutes performed two or three times each day

d. Episodes of 10-15 minutes performed two or three times each day

What is the primary disadvantage for assessing VO2max? a. Temperature and humidity must be controlled for b. Fitness facilities must designate a large amount of space for testing c. Each assessment requires supervision of a physician d. Expensive equipment and technical expertise is required

d. Expensive equipment and technical expertise is required

Which of the following FITT principle programs are appropriate for weight loss? a. F = seven days per week, I = vigorous, T = minimum of 30 minutes increasing to 60 minutes, T = activities involving large muscle groups b. F = one or more days per week, I = moderate, T = minimum of 30 minutes increasing to 45 minutes, T = activities involving small and large muscle groups c. F = two or more days per week, I = light to moderate, T = minimum of 20 minutes increasing to 30 minutes, T = activities involving small muscle groups d. F = five or more days per week, I = moderate to vigorous, T = minimum of 30 minutes increasing to 60 minutes, T = activities involving large muscle groups

d. F = five or more days per week, I = moderate to vigorous, T = minimum of 30 minutes increasing to 60 minutes, T = activities involving large muscle groups

Which of the following acronyms provides a framework for exercise prescription in healthy individuals? a. CRF b. RPP c. AHA d. FITT

d. FITT

The first step in assessing resting blood pressure is to: a. Measure the circumference of the arm to determine the proper bladder size. b. Have the client lie down in a supine position with the feet slightly elevated. c. Perform a bilateral palpation of the radial arteries. d. Have the client sit quietly for at least five minutes.

d. Have the client sit quietly for at least five minutes.

Which of the following MUST be included as part of every client's screening? a. Postural assessment b. Body composition assessment c. Movement screen d. Health risk appraisal

d. Health risk appraisal

Which of the following requires a more thorough medical history or examination? a. Dizziness b. Shortness of breath during exercise c. Unusual fatigue d. Heart murmur

d. Heart murmur

The factors that make up cardiac output are: a. Stroke volume and VO2max. b. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate. c. VO2max and heart rate. d. Heart rate and stroke volume.

d. Heart rate and stroke volume.

Children are more prone to ________ injuries than adults. a. Tendon b. Cold c. Ankle d. Heat

d. Heat

For any equipment used with clients, the ACSM-EP should learn about equipment safety inspections, maintenance, and record-keeping policies as well as: a. Whether the equipment is contraindicated for any special populations. b. The age of the equipment. c. Facility protocol for postworkout cleaning of the equipment. d. How to report equipment issues and request repairs.

d. How to report equipment issues and request repairs.

Chronic stress impacts the cardiovascular system and has been associated with enlarged hearts and: a. Increased HDL. b. Heart attack. c. Decreased stroke volume. d. Hypertension.

d. Hypertension.

The three primary systems of the body that are activated and affected by stress include the cardiovascular, endocrine, and: a. Cardiorespiratory. b. Reproductive. c. Respiratory. d. Immune.

d. Immune.

One of the major benefits of exercise for diabetic clients is: a. Improved blood glucose sensitivity and increased insulin requirements. b. Decreased surface area of receptor sites and improved blood glucose. c. Reduced insulin sensitivity and blood glucose control and increased insulin requirements. d. Improved insulin sensitivity and blood glucose control and decreased insulin requirements.

d. Improved insulin sensitivity and blood glucose control and decreased insulin requirements.

One benefit of initiating an exercise program for Type 2 diabetics is: a. Increased norepinephrine. b. Enhanced insulin production. c. Increased epinephrine levels. d. Improved insulin sensitivity.

d. Improved insulin sensitivity.

When communicating or discussing any sensitive or private topic with a client, you should do so: a. Via e-mail. b. Via a text message. c. Via a sticky note. d. In person.

d. In person.

When should motivational interviewing be used during the initial client consultation? a. During the health history evaluation b. While administering the fitness assessment c. When developing the ACSM-EP-Client agreement d. In the course of helping the client set goals

d. In the course of helping the client set goals

Which of the following results from regular resistance training? a. Improved cardiac output efficiency b. Increased aerobic enzymes c. Increase in respiratory capacity d. Increase in bone density

d. Increase in bone density

Which of the following is a common characteristic of both primary and secondary hypertension? a. Coronary artery plaque buildup b. Antidiuretic hormone c. Vascular vasodilation d. Increased peripheral resistance

d. Increased peripheral resistance

Repeated exposure to stress and elevated cortisol levels results in: a. Enhanced ability to fight infections. b. Decreased thyroid function. c. Increased production of antistress hormones. d. Increased vulnerability to infections.

d. Increased vulnerability to infections.

A written document provided to the client sharing health and fitness information to achieve understanding of participation options is called a/an: a. Health assessment. b. Release of information. c. Medical clearance form. d. Informed consent.

d. Informed consent.

A client with a history of heart disease is experiencing symptoms of severe calf pain, which occurs consistently around 10 minutes into walking. This condition MOST likely is: a. Tibial nerve entrapment. b. Piriformis syndrome. c. Sciatica. d. Intermittent claudication.

d. Intermittent claudication.

To best encourage physical activity in children, activity must be fun and: a. Social. b. Competitive. c. Structured. d. Intermittent.

d. Intermittent.

What is the most common mechanism for causing an ankle sprain? a. Dorsiflexion b. Plantarflexion c. Eversion d. Inversion

d. Inversion

Which of the following muscle actions controls the movement and maintains a constant speed throughout the range of motion? a. Concentric b. Isometric c. Eccentric d. Isokinetic

d. Isokinetic

Which of the following should be avoided in hypertensive clients? a. Isokinetic muscle contractions b. Concentric muscle contractions c. Eccentric muscle contractions d. Isometric muscle contractions

d. Isometric muscle contractions

The primary advantage in conducting a step test to assess cardiorespiratory fitness is that: a. It provides friendly competition and motivation for those being assessed. b. It is relatively easy to palpate the radial artery and count the postexercise heart rate. c. Individuals who are shorter are able to work at the same intensity as individuals who are taller. d. It allows for assessment of a large group.

d. It allows for assessment of a large group.

Individuals with arthritis should ideally stretch when: a. They have the greatest range of hip motion. b. They are able to complete their regular physical activity first. c. They are not taking any anti-inflammatory medications. d. Joint pain is minimal.

d. Joint pain is minimal.

An example of an open chain exercise is the: a. Squat. b. Pull-up. c. Push-up. d. Leg extension.

d. Leg extension.

Which periodization model involves changing training volume and intensity gradually over time? a. Undulating b. Nonlinear c. Block d. Linear

d. Linear

Which of the following is a SMART goal? a. Increase range of motion in the lower back by performing 40 to 60 abdominal crunches daily for 6 weeks. b. Increase biceps size from 12-15 inches in 6 months through a strength training program of 1 set of 15 repetitions twice per week. c. Lose 25 lbs in 8 weeks through a program of low-intensity aerobic activity performed 3 times per week. d. Lose 1-2 lbs per week over the next 10 weeks by following a proper diet and engaging in both aerobic and resistance training.

d. Lose 1-2 lbs per week over the next 10 weeks by following a proper diet and engaging in both aerobic and resistance training.

Higher levels of cardiovascular fitness are associated with: a. Increased HR and SBP at maximal work rates. b. Increased HR and SBP at submaximal work rates. c. Lower MET capacity. d. Lower mortality rates.

d. Lower mortality rates.

Which of the following will further enhance insulin sensitivity in Type 2 diabetics? a. Decreasing testosterone levels b. Decreasing dietary saturated fat c. Enhancing flexibility d. Lowering body fat

d. Lowering body fat

The MOST important principle regarding core training is to: a. Tighten the involved muscles during dynamic movements. b. Emphasize strength of the anterior chain musculature. c. Emphasize strength of the posterior chain musculature. d. Maintain cocontraction of the deep stabilizers.

d. Maintain cocontraction of the deep stabilizers.

Which of the following is ideal for building rapport? a. Maintain a serious and professional facial expression. b. Discuss your credentials in detail. c. Explore the client's motivation for behavior change. d. Maintain good and appropriate eye contact.

d. Maintain good and appropriate eye contact.

Which of the following is the MOST important safety consideration when working with children? a. Maintain a very structured warm-up, conditioning, and cool-down b. Minimize jumping and bounding drills c. Limit strength to five-repetition maximum for strength training d. Maintain proper hydration to avoid heat injuries

d. Maintain proper hydration to avoid heat injuries

Physical symptoms of stress include muscle spasms, ulcers, and: a. Blood clots. b. Excessive hunger. c. Bradycardia. d. Migraines.

d. Migraines.

Which of the following activities may individuals with rheumatoid arthritis perform? a. Vigorous-intensity activities and strengthening with low resistance and high repetition b. Moderate-intensity activities and strengthening using free weights c. Vigorous-intensity activities and stretching unstable joints as tolerated d. Moderate-intensity activities with daily stretching

d. Moderate-intensity activities with daily stretching

To manipulate the intensity and increase the challenge of balance-related training, you should: a. Shift the line of gravity outside the base of support. b. Widen the base of support. c. Shift the line of gravity through rotary motion. d. Narrow the base of support.

d. Narrow the base of support.

Which type of exercises help improve balance, agility, proprioception, gait, and coordination for the older adult? a. Plyometric b. Strength c. Endurance d. Neuromotor

d. Neuromotor

Which of the following prescription drugs have little effect on heart rate and no direct impact on exercise capacity or exercise prescription? a. Calcium channel blockers b. β-Blockers c. ACE inhibitors d. Niacin

d. Niacin

Which of the following is recommended to assess perceived exertion in children? a. RPE scale of 6-20 b. Lever scale c. Dyspnea scale d. OMNI scale

d. OMNI scale

Which of the following is TRUE regarding obesity? a. Lack of structured physical activity is a key contributor to obesity b. Obesity is strongly influenced by high caloric intake c. Type 1 diabetes is often a comorbidity seen with obesity d. Obesity is associated with several comorbidities

d. Obesity is associated with several comorbidities

The handling bodily fluids by the fitness staff must follow guidelines set forth by the: a. National Institutes of Health (NIH). b. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). c. National Library of Medicine (NLM). d. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

d. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

Your client, who is a novice exerciser, wants to begin resistance training in preparation for a one-month backpacking trip he will be taking through the Rocky Mountains. Which of the following training sets and reps would be appropriate for the first few weeks of training? a. Three to five sets of 15 to 20 reps b. Three to five sets of 4 to 6 reps c. Two to four sets of 4 to 6 reps d. One to three sets of 8 to 12 reps

d. One to three sets of 8 to 12 reps

Social cognitive theory states that the most important factors in behavior change are self-efficacy and: a. Self-control. b. Reward system. c. Social support. d. Outcome expectations.

d. Outcome expectations.

What principle describes the need to stress the body beyond daily activity to create fitness gains? a. Adaptation b. Hypertrophy c. Specificity d. Overload

d. Overload

________ of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is required to produce beneficial adaptations in cardiorespiratory endurance. a. Low-intensity training b. Steady state work c. Manipulation d. Overload

d. Overload

Which of the following is a sign or symptom of cardiovascular disease? a. Tachycardia response to walking across the room b. Increased respiratory rate when climbing the stairs c. Diaphoresis due to lifting objects overhead d. Pain or discomfort in the neck, jaw, or arms while standing

d. Pain or discomfort in the neck, jaw, or arms while standing

Intermittent claudication refers to: a. Fluid buildup around the ankle joints while bearing weight. b. Pedal pulse pressures that vacillate between strong and weak. c. A constant pain that is felt in the anterior compartment of the lower leg. d. Pain that occurs in the lower extremities during walking and disappears after stopping.

d. Pain that occurs in the lower extremities during walking and disappears after stopping.

A manifestation of coronary artery disease is: a. Tightness of the muscles between both scapulae during overhead activities. b. Jaw discomfort that occurs first thing in the morning. c. A dull ache in the low back that occurs with movement. d. Pain that occurs with exertion or exercise.

d. Pain that occurs with exertion or exercise.

What is the MOST influential source of self-efficacy information related to exercise? a. Persuasive verbal feedback b. Emotional state of mind c. Vicarious exercise experiences d. Past exercise performance

d. Past exercise performance

Which of the following types of training is guided by the principle that different training loads and power requirements recruit different types and numbers of motor units? a. Pyramid b. Supersets c. Double progressive d. Periodization

d. Periodization

To prevent your client from experiencing a relapse while out of town for a few weeks, you should: a. Have your client walk at a brisk pace daily for 20 minutes. b. Suggest staying at a hotel farther away from the the places that will be visited regularly and walk for transportation. c. Locate the nearest public parks. d. Plan ahead and discuss alternative strategies to remain active.

d. Plan ahead and discuss alternative strategies to remain active.

Which of the following BEST describes the mechanism for the cause of sudden cardiac death? a. An erratic atrial rhythm during diastole b. A drop in blood pressure below 90/60 mm Hg c. Hypertensive response at rest or during exercise d. Plaque buildup that dislodges from an artery and causes a blood clot

d. Plaque buildup that dislodges from an artery and causes a blood clot

A new client tells you that he was an avid tennis player before hurting his back a year ago. He often reminisced about it while watching his son during tennis lessons for the past 5 months. He is ready to get in shape for tennis now that his back is better. According to the Transtheoretical Model, which of the following best describes his progression through the stages of change since his back injury? a. Contemplation, preparation, action b. Maintenance, action, contemplation c. Action, maintenance, preparation d. Preparation, action, maintenance

d. Preparation, action, maintenance

Which of the following refers to the principle affirming that an increase in the stimulus to the muscle is required for further adaptations and improvements? a. SAID b. Specificity of training c. Periodization d. Progressive overload

d. Progressive overload

Which stretching technique combines passive stretching with isometric and concentric muscle actions using the autogenic and reciprocal inhibition responses of the Golgi tendon organs? a. Ballistic b. Static c. Dynamic d. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

d. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

The acronym PRICE stands for: a. Prevent, rest, induce compression, elevate. b. Present, raise injury, cease exercise. c. Provide, raise injury, call emergency. d. Protect, rest, ice, compression, elevation.

d. Protect, rest, ice, compression, elevation.

Which back exercise would be the most sport-specific for swimming? a. Bent-over row b. Seated row c. Front raise d. Pull-up

d. Pull-up

What is produced when carbohydrates are broken down during anaerobic glycolysis? a. Acetyl CoA b. Lactate c. Ketones d. Pyruvate

d. Pyruvate

When oxygen is not available in the mitochondria of the cell, _______ is converted to __________. a. Glucose, pyruvate b. Glycogen, pyruvic acid c. Pyruvate, acetyl CoA d. Pyruvate, lactic acid

d. Pyruvate, lactic acid

You are working with an older adult who is on high blood pressure medication. What is the BEST way to monitor his cardiovascular intensity? a. Karvonen formula b. Talk test c. Age-predicted maximum heart rate d. RPE scale of 6-20

d. RPE scale of 6-20

When performing pulse palpation during and after exercise, the BEST location to utilize is the: a. Apical pulse. b. Carotid pulse. c. Brachial pulse. d. Radial pulse.

d. Radial pulse.

If difficulties are encountered in calculating a percentage VO2max for prescribing exercise intensity in cases of cardiac disease, the ACSM-EP should instead consider: a. Oswestry pain scale. b. Percent maximal heart rate. c. Heart rate reserve. d. Rating of perceived exertion.

d. Rating of perceived exertion.

Progressive muscle relaxation involves tensing and relaxing key muscle groups in order to: a. Improve circulation. b. Reduce pain and soreness after exercise. c. Promote mind/body awareness. d. Reduce muscle tension and anxiety.

d. Reduce muscle tension and anxiety.

Inadequate carbohydrate intake is MOST associated with: a. Weight gain. b. Low blood pressure. c. Body composition changes. d. Reduced exercise performance.

d. Reduced exercise performance.

One of your long-time regular clients with diagnosed metabolic disease shares concerns over side effects she is experiencing from her medication. You should: a. Offer to modify her exercise prescription to better accommodate her side effects. b. Research and share with her remedies for the specific side effects she is experiencing. c. Suggest medication changes based on your experience with her and knowledge of her condition. d. Refer her back to her attending physician for medication concerns.

d. Refer her back to her attending physician for medication concerns.

A regular female client becomes dizzy during a strength training session. The ACSM-EP stops the session and her symptoms disappear after 30 minutes. What is the MOST appropriate course of action: a. Switch from strength training to circuit training. b. Make note and reduce the load for the next workout. c. Switch her to cardio training only. d. Refer the client to her physician.

d. Refer the client to her physician.

Which of the following is a positive risk factor? a. High-density lipoprotein 55 mg/dL b. Men ≥40 years c. Women ≥50 years d. Regular exposure to tobacco smoke

d. Regular exposure to tobacco smoke

Yoga is one technique individuals can learn and practice to decrease stress and promote: a. Social support. b. Focus. c. Cognition. d. Relaxation.

d. Relaxation.

For individuals with arthritis, a training session may have been too intense and may need to be modified if the client: a. Experiences tightness in the lower extremities. b. Experiences decreased range of motion in the trunk. c. Reports more soreness than usual. d. Reports greater joint pain following the training session.

d. Reports greater joint pain following the training session.

Which of the following has proven to be a valuable measure in preventing and/or reversing the loss of bone mass in people with osteoporosis? a. Cardiovascular training b. Flexibility training c. Neuromotor training d. Resistance training

d. Resistance training

Which of the following routines is an example of specificity training for a runner? a. Resistance training for the lower body, three times per week, using 4 to 8 reps b. Resistance training for the upper body, three times per week, using 8 to 12 reps c. Resistance training for the entire body, most days of the week, using 6 to 8 reps d. Resistance training for the entire body, three times per week, using 15 to 20 reps

d. Resistance training for the entire body, three times per week, using 15 to 20 reps

For general muscular fitness, which program would be the BEST for a healthy adult? a. Resistance training for the upper body and trunk (chest, shoulders, back, and abdomen) three to four days per week b. Resistance training for the lower body and trunk (hips, legs, back, and abdomen) one to two days per week c. Resistance training for the postural muscles (upper back, hips, and abdomen) two to three times per week d. Resistance training for the major muscle groups (chest, shoulders, back, abdomen, hips, and legs) two to three days per week

d. Resistance training for the major muscle groups (chest, shoulders, back, abdomen, hips, and legs) two to three days per week

Which strategy is effective for improving exercise adherence? a. Help the client move from external feedback to internal feedback for self-regulation. b. Maintain records of workouts to free the client from unnecessary administrative tasks. c. Make primary decisions regarding the client's program so she can focus on the exercises. d. Revisit client goals during reassessments so they coincide with progress toward goals.

d. Revisit client goals during reassessments so they coincide with progress toward goals.

For men, a three-site skinfold assessment is taken on the ________ side of the body at the ________. a. Left; triceps, suprailium, and thigh b. Left; chest, abdomen, and thigh c. Right; triceps, suprailium, and thigh d. Right; chest, abdomen, and thigh

d. Right; chest, abdomen, and thigh

At submaximal workloads, which training effects from regular exercise are typically seen in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP)? a. SBP, DBP, and MAP are increased slightly b. SBP and MAP are slightly decreased, DBP is slightly increased c. MAP is slightly increased, SBP and DBP are slightly decreased d. SBP, DBP, and MAP are decreased slightly

d. SBP, DBP, and MAP are decreased slightly

Which of the following is a benefit of a drug-free workplace in the fitness industry? a. Noninvasive testing is offered on a regularly scheduled basis. b. Risk of passing on contagious agents is decreased. c. Employees tend to be more responsible in known testing environments. d. Safety may be enhanced with more alert employees.

d. Safety may be enhanced with more alert employees.

Running takes place in predominantly which plane of movement? a. Horizontal b. Frontal c. Transverse d. Sagittal

d. Sagittal

Which plane of movement divides the body between the left and right? a. Horizontal b. Transverse c. Frontal d. Sagittal

d. Sagittal

The range of professional activities the ACSM-EP can undertake and the boundaries that limit those activities is referred to as: a. Code of expertise. b. Scope of training activities. c. Professional ethics. d. Scope of practice.

d. Scope of practice.

Upon review of medical history, you learn that a new client has experienced symptoms that are consistent with unstable ischemia. You recommend that the client: a. Perform aerobic exercise at a lower intensity. b. Continue with aerobic exercise but delay strength training until stable. c. Start a low-intensity exercise and monitor signs and symptoms. d. Seek medical treatment immediately.

d. Seek medical treatment immediately.

Which of the following has research shown to be the MOST influential predictor of successful behavior change for physical activity? a. Social support b. Outside guidance c. Knowledge d. Self-monitoring

d. Self-monitoring

Which of the following BEST fosters exercise adherence and progression toward the client's goal? a. Setting several progressive goals on a weekly basis b. Keeping the client focused on his primary long-term goals c. Helping the client focus on never missing a session d. Setting a few attainable short-term goals

d. Setting a few attainable short-term goals

Which of the following explains enhanced heat production in a cold environment? a. Decreased sweat rates to minimize evaporation b. Increased metabolic rate for heat maintenance c. Stronger muscle contractions during shivering d. Shivering threshold resets to a lower mean skin temperature

d. Shivering threshold resets to a lower mean skin temperature

Which of the following is a sign or symptom of pulmonary disease? a. Intermittent claudication or severe calf pain b. Ankle edema or swelling c. Feelings of anxiety and/or distress d. Shortness of breath at mild exertion

d. Shortness of breath at mild exertion

Which of the following is the MOST important exercise variable in preventing injuries? a. High intensity b. Longer bouts of duration c. Consecutive days of training d. Slow and gradual progression

d. Slow and gradual progression

Behaviors are shaped by interpersonal interactions, the surrounding environment, community, policy, and law according to which of the following? a. Environment model b. Structural support model c. Social cognitive theory d. Social ecological model

d. Social ecological model

Nonverbal communication techniques include all of the following, except: a. Hand gestures. b. Eye contact. c. Posture. d. Spoken words.

d. Spoken words.

What is the proper exercise sequence for these advanced exercises? a. Lunge, squat, tricep extension, bench press, bicep curl, abdominal crunch b. Tricep extension, bicep curl, bench press, squat, lunge, abdominal crunch c. Abdominal crunch, tricep extension, bench press, lunge, bicep curl, squat d. Squat, lunge, bench press, tricep extension, bicep curl, abdominal crunch

d. Squat, lunge, bench press, tricep extension, bicep curl, abdominal crunch

Which resistance training program would be MOST appropriate for a 10-year-old child? a. Lunges for 2 reps each side, bicep curls 20 to 22 reps, abdominal oblique crunches for 20 reps b. Squats for 4 to 6 reps, bicep curls for 20 reps, tricep extensions for 16 reps c. Lunges for 2 reps each side, lateral shoulder raises for 20 to 22 reps, abdominal crunches for 30 reps d. Squats for 10 to 15 reps, push-ups for 10 to 12 reps, pull-ups for 8 to 10 reps

d. Squats for 10 to 15 reps, push-ups for 10 to 12 reps, pull-ups for 8 to 10 reps

Which of the following is NOT an anatomical alignment checkpoint used when performing the basic plumb line static postural assessement in the sagittal plane? a. Acromioclavicular joint b. Greater trochanter of the femur c. Tibial tuberosity d. Sternum

d. Sternum

A new client was recently diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. She has been cleared to exercise with the ACSM-EP. Which of the following recommendations is most appropriate? a. Avoid resistance training and focus on cardiorespiratory fitness b. Participate in no more than 150 minutes of exercise per week c. High-intensity intervals should be utilized exclusively in place of steady-state exercise d. Strength training intensity should initially utilize 50%-80% 1-RM.

d. Strength training intensity should initially utilize 50%-80% 1-RM.

Your client has an acute hamstring strain. You should AVOID: a. Recommending that the client see a physician if pain persists. b. Educating the client about RICE principles as an early intervention strategy. c. Modifying the workout, focusing on the noninjured parts of the body. d. Stretching the hamstring for up to 60 seconds per stretch.

d. Stretching the hamstring for up to 60 seconds per stretch.

When exercising in the heat, which of the following physiological variables tends to be lower? a. Heart rate b. Blood pressure c. Sweating d. Stroke volume

d. Stroke volume

Which of the following make up cardiac output? a. VO2max and stroke volume b. VO2max and a-VO2 difference c. Ejection fraction and heart rate d. Stroke volume and heart rate

d. Stroke volume and heart rate

Your client twists her ankle during an exercise session using a platform for lunges. You should: a. Contact 911 immediately and refrain from touching or moving the client. b. Provide traction, wrap in an elastic bandage, and then apply ice and compression. c. Encourage the client to "walk it off" but terminate the exercise session. Be sure the client calls you within 24 hours to report the outcome. d. Support and maintain the joint in a comfortable position via protection, rest, ice, compression, and elevation.

d. Support and maintain the joint in a comfortable position via protection, rest, ice, compression, and elevation.

Which of the following hemodynamic variables have a linear relationship and are heavily influenced by one another during exercise? a. Mean arterial pressure and cardiac output b. Mean arterial pressure and peak VO2 c. Systolic blood pressure and peak VO2 d. Systolic blood pressure and cardiac output

d. Systolic blood pressure and cardiac output

Which of the following is considered a risk factor? a. Body mass index of 28 kg/m2 b. Serum cholesterol of 195 mg/dL c. HDL cholesterol of 66 mg/dL d. Systolic blood pressure of 143 mm Hg

d. Systolic blood pressure of 143 mm Hg

You are performing a submaximal treadmill test for your client in which you are gradually increasing the speed and grade. You observe a normal response to heart rate and blood pressure during the first several stages. During the next increase in speed and grade, you observe that SBP drops about 12 mm Hg. You should: a. Return to the previous speed and grade. b. Return to the previous grade only. c. Return to the previous speed only. d. Terminate the assessment.

d. Terminate the assessment.

The SAID (Specific Adaptations to Imposed Demands) principle indicates that: a. Hypertrophy can only occur if the specific reps are within a 12 to 20 range. b. The number of muscle spindles will increase according to the motor unit recruitment. c. The load and the volume of exercise must be specific to client goals. d. The adaptation will be specific to the demands that the exercise places upon the individual.

d. The adaptation will be specific to the demands that the exercise places upon the individual.

When giving a client advice, the ACSM-EP risks liability for acting outside his scope of practice if: a. The advice is given without collaborating with licensed health care practitioners. b. The advice includes promotion of a product such as a nutritional supplement. c. The advice is not supported by current medical or health and fitness research. d. The advice could be interpreted as unauthorized practice of a licensed professional, and results in client injury.

d. The advice could be interpreted as unauthorized practice of a licensed professional, and results in client injury.

Weight machines present less risk of injury than free weights because: a. Clients are often limited to the weight of available dumbbells and are prone to overexertion. b. Weight machines minimize joint motion and restrict the client's likelihood of hyperextension. c. Free weights require that spotting be performed by someone educated and trained in the appropriate techniques. d. The client's body is more stable and exercise motion is controlled by the machine.

d. The client's body is more stable and exercise motion is controlled by the machine.

The ACSM-EP can safely work with a Type 2 diabetic patient provided that: a. Exercise training is performed in the earlier part of the day. b. Heart rate and blood pressure responses are within normal limits. c. The individual carries an emergency carbohydrate snack. d. The individual has well-controlled blood glucose levels.

d. The individual has well-controlled blood glucose levels.

Skinfold caliper assessment of body fat percentage can be very accurate if: a. The client has a high level of subcutaneous fat. b. The calipers have been used more than 100 times. c. It is used in conjunction with BMI. d. The technician is properly trained and experienced.

d. The technician is properly trained and experienced.

According to the ________, clients will be more likely to change if they have a positive attitude about change, feel it's enjoyable and controllable, and recognize the value of change. a. Socioecological theory b. Goal setting theory c. Intention theory d. Theory of planned behavior

d. Theory of planned behavior

Which of the following is MOST accurate regarding individuals with disabilities and the fitness industry? a. Individuals with disabilities are best served when a separate training area is designated for them. b. ACSM-EPs who are disabled are not the best candidates to lead classes or training with other individuals with disabilities. c. Individuals with disabilities can carry out only a handful of the functions of an ACSM-EP. d. There are many staff positions that can be handled by individuals with disabilities.

d. There are many staff positions that can be handled by individuals with disabilities.

Which of the following is a similar site for both a male and a female when performing a three-site skinfold test? a. Chest b. Subscapular c. Calf d. Thigh

d. Thigh

When performing submaximal exercise, the exact time required to reach a steady state is determined by: a. Body mass. b. Training state only. c. Mode of exercise. d. Training state and the magnitude of the increase in exercise intensity.

d. Training state and the magnitude of the increase in exercise intensity.

The initial inflammatory stage of a sprain or strain lasts about: a. Four to five days. b. 24 hours. c. Six to seven days. d. Two to three days.

d. Two to three days.

While supine, your client performs range of motion on the shoulder joint. She displays tightness in the infraspinatus and teres minor. You were led to this conclusion because the client was: a. Able to reach overhead to the contralateral shoulder. b. Able to internally rotate the shoulder joint to about 60 degrees. c. Unable to abduct the arm to shoulder level. d. Unable to externally rotate the shoulder joint past 60 degrees.

d. Unable to externally rotate the shoulder joint past 60 degrees.

During the initial interview, your client discusses her exercise background. You carefully observe her body language in order to: a. Observe her overall communication skills. b. Look for cues to interject words of encouragement. c. Become familiar with her posture, muscle tone, and movements. d. Understand feelings and attitudes that relate to her spoken words.

d. Understand feelings and attitudes that relate to her spoken words.

After assessing blood pressure in both arms, you notice the reading is much higher in one arm. You should: a. Use the lower pressure. b. Reassess in the left arm only. c. Reassess in the right arm only. d. Use the higher pressure.

d. Use the higher pressure.

To maximize client safety, exercise equipment should be in good working order and be: a. No more than two years old. b. Cleaned daily. c. Built to accommodate large adults. d. Used for its intended purposes.

d. Used for its intended purposes.

During resistance training exercises, which breathing technique should be avoided? a. Heimlich maneuver b. Inhaling during extension c. Exhaling during hardest part of exercise d. Valsalva maneuver

d. Valsalva maneuver

A heart murmur that is clinically significant may be indicative of: a. Anemia. b. Hypertension. c. Shortness of breath. d. Valvular heart disease.

d. Valvular heart disease.

Which of the following profiles is considered a risk factor with respect to obesity? a. Waist of 38 inches for males b. Body fat percent of 25% for males c. Body fat percent of 25% for females d. Waist of 36 inches for females

d. Waist of 36 inches for females

Which of the following profiles is considered a risk factor with respect to obesity? a. BMI greater than 25 for males b. BMI of 28 for females c. Waist of 32 inches for females d. Waist of 40 inches for males

d. Waist of 40 inches for males

Which of the following activities has the lowest risk of musculoskeletal injury? a. Weightlifting b. Jogging c. Basketball d. Walking

d. Walking

Which of the following is a positive risk factor? a. Low-density lipoprotein 120 mg/dL b. Sudden death of mother at 70 years of age c. Fasting plasma glucose 80 mg · dL−1 d. Walking to and from work three days a week, for 20 minutes, for the past two months

d. Walking to and from work three days a week, for 20 minutes, for the past two months

Seeking client feedback demonstrates which of the following to the client? a. The client is properly engaged in the training session activities b. You are open to modifying training parameters while still working toward established goals c. The client is being challenged by the current program d. You are attentive to the client's needs and well-being

d. You are attentive to the client's needs and well-being

Child athletes tend to be at greater risk of developing serious heat illness because: a. Child athletes are not as adept at assessing their exertion level. b. Drinking large amounts of fluid after exercise is more difficult for child athletes. c. Exercise heart rates are higher for young athletes than adult exercisers at the same intensity. d. Young athletes have fewer sweat glands and produce less sweat per gland.

d. Young athletes have fewer sweat glands and produce less sweat per gland.

The primary purpose of the informed consent is to: a. Inform the participant of any personal and confidential information that will be collected. b. Inform of any risks involved with exercise testing and/or exercise training. c. Inform of the purpose of all exercise tests that will be performed. d. Inform how the data collected will be stored. e. All of the answers are correct.

e. All of the answers are correct.

A low to high diagonal chop using a medicine ball takes place in: a. The frontal plane. b. Multiple planes. c. The sagittal plane. d. The transverse plane.

b. Multiple planes.

Where is the majority of ATP generated in the cell? a. Nucleus b. Cytosol c. Mitochondria d. Plasma membrane

c. Mitochondria

Which of the following BEST assesses lower-body muscular strength? a. Standing long jump b. Bodyweight squat c. 10-RM leg press d. 1-RM squat

d. 1-RM squat

Which of the following exercises increases muscular power the MOST? a. Barbell deadlift b. Overhead squat c. Good morning d. Clean and jerk

d. Clean and jerk

According to the GAS theory, the initiation of the sympathetic nervous system response occurs during which phase? a. Alarm reaction b. Resistance c. Exhaustion d. Overtraining

a. Alarm reaction

The ability to achieve stability through change is referred to as: a. Allostasis. b. Rapid activation. c. Stress management. d. Efficiency.

a. Allostasis.

Which of the following processes of change can be defined by the following: riding one's bike to work rather than driving a car? a. Counterconditioning b. Social liberation c. Stimulus control d. Self-liberation

a. Counterconditioning

Which energy system is predominantly utilized for a 100-meter sprint? a. Creatine phosphate b. Oxidative c. Aerobic glycolysis d. Anaerobic glycolysis

a. Creatine phosphate

Which of the following would be a risk factor threshold for hypertension? a. Currently taking antihypertensive medication b. 138/88 mm Hg c. Currently taking folic acid d. 130/85 mm Hg

a. Currently taking antihypertensive medication

Which of the following activities is contraindicated for pregnant women? a. Jogging b. Vigorous-intensity walking c. Scuba diving d. Strength training in supine positions

c. Scuba diving

A background check is usually conducted for potential workers performing in which of the following areas? a. Reception areas b. Tourism c. Transportation d. Clinical settings

d. Clinical settings

During exercise in a cold environment, the body will limit heat loss primarily through: a. Vasodilation of blood vessels in the skin. b. Vasoconstriction of blood vessels in the gut. c. Shivering. d. Muscle cramping.

c. Shivering.

Which of the following is most likely during the initial adjustment to high altitude? a. Muscle soreness b. Weight gain c. Sleep disturbance d. Increased appetite

c. Sleep disturbance

Which of the following is a negative risk factor? a. Women ≥45 years b. Blood pressure 135/80 mm Hg c. Body mass index >30 d. High-density lipoprotein 60 mg · dL−1

d. High-density lipoprotein 60 mg · dL−1

Which of the following aids in the removal of lipids from circulation? a. Low-density lipoprotein b. Very low-density lipoproteins c. Chylomicrons d. High-density lipoproteins

d. High-density lipoproteins

According to the transtheoretical model, weighing the pros and cons of becoming physically active when moving through the stages of change is called: a. Decisional balance. b. Intervention. c. Self-efficacy. d. Precontemplation.

a. Decisional balance.

Which federal agency BEST addresses federal requirements for hiring staff? a. Department of Labor b. Department of Health and Human Services c. Department of the Treasury d. Department of Commerce

a. Department of Labor

For high school and college athletes, preparticipation screening primarily functions to: a. Detect potential cardiac issues. b. Assess joint integrity. c. Detect muscle weakness and imbalance. d. Assess functional capacity.

a. Detect potential cardiac issues.

Foot and leg care is extremely important for clients who have medical conditions that can impact the lower extremities, especially those with: a. Diabetes. b. Restless leg syndrome. c. Prior knee replacement. d. Diagnosed joint conditions.

a. Diabetes.

Although handgrip dynamometry specifically assesses handgrip strength, it has also been found to be a valid marker of: a. Functional status and mortality. b. Cardiorespiratory fitness. c. Risk of developing cardiovascular disease. d. Athleticism.

a. Functional status and mortality.

A potential side effect of an NSAIDs is: a. Gastrointestinal bleeding. b. Liver damage. c. Nausea. d. Vomiting.

a. Gastrointestinal bleeding.

In stress management research, the acronym GAS refers to: a. General adaptation syndrome. b. Global alarm stress. c. Global adaptive strategy. d. General associative stress.

a. General adaptation syndrome.

Which of the following movements occur in the sagittal plane of motion? a. Glenohumeral flexion b. Lumbar lateral flexion c. Hip joint abduction d. Ankle joint eversion

a. Glenohumeral flexion

Which of the following movements occur in the transverse plane of motion? a. Glenohumeral rotation b. Wrist joint radial deviation c. Ankle joint plantarflexion d. Cervical flexion

a. Glenohumeral rotation

The hypertonicity of the hip flexors may contribute to the progressive weakness of the _________________ via reciprocal inhibition. a. Gluteus maximus b. Gluteus medius c. Rectus abdominis d. Transversus abdominis

a. Gluteus maximus

The following statement is a definition of ________: As the body adapts to a given stimulus, an increase in the stimulus is required for further adaptations and improvements. a. Progressive overload b. Specificity of training c. Law of attraction d. SAID principle

a. Progressive overload

The sense of knowing where one's body is in space is known as: a. Proprioception. b. Balance. c. Locomotion. d. Stability.

a. Proprioception.

One of the most important components of physical activity behavior change in social cognitive theory is: a. Self-efficacy. b. Enjoyment. c. Expected benefits. d. Perceived barriers.

a. Self-efficacy.

For an individual with peripheral artery disease, which type of aerobic exercise is recommended? a. Walking or treadmill b. Cycling c. Water aerobics d. Swimming

a. Walking or treadmill

Physical assessments should be designed to provide the ACSM-EP with information on the client's: a. Abilities and limitations. b. Likelihood of reaching goals. c. Interests. d. Injuries.

a. Abilities and limitations.

Swimming could be defined as which type of cardiovascular exercise? a. Type A b. Type B c. Type C d. Type D

c. Type C

What amount of weekly, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is recommended for better weight maintenance following weight loss. a. 100 minutes per week. b. 150 minutes per week. c. 200 minutes per week. d. 250 minutes per week.

d. 250 minutes per week.

Which of the following is a key recommendation of the 2010 USDA dietary guidelines? a. Moderate consumption of foods with the words creamy or battered. b. Solid fats may be consumed if high in protein. c. Limit fat intake to 15%. d. Color your plate.

d. Color your plate.

The PNF technique known as hold-relax begins with passive movement of the limb to a point of resistance, then the limb is held in that position for a couple of seconds, followed by a submaximal __________________ contraction of the target muscle. a. Isometric b. Isotonic c. Isokinetic d. Dynamic

a. Isometric

For older adults, the MOST important outcome that is derived from neuromotor training is: a. Preventing falls. b. Improving sleep patterns. c. Achieving a healthy weight. d. Increasing muscular endurance.

a. Preventing falls.

Targeting feelings of tension by focusing on specific muscle groups and alternatively tightening/releasing them is called: a. Progressive muscle relaxation. b. Guided imagery. c. Yoga. d. Stress management.

a. Progressive muscle relaxation.

Which of the following will increase the likelihood that a new client will continue working with the ACSM-EP? a. Designing a program that is productive and enjoyable b. Creating an exercise coaching style based on education c. Reminding the client of external rewards that were mutually agreed upon d. Encouraging client ownership of the program

a. Designing a program that is productive and enjoyable

Stress occurs whenever a stimulus __________ one's ability to cope. a. Exceeds b. Equals c. Is less than d. Alters

a. Exceeds

For most clients, a positive effect of consistent energy deficit is: a. Lower metabolic rate. b. Decreased body weight. c. Reduced muscle mass. d. Increased carbohydrate stores.

b. Decreased body weight.

Which type of goals should be avoided when creating a SMART goal? a. Specific b. Measurable c. Broad d. Realistic

c. Broad

What is an injury to a ligament called? a. Bursitis b. Strain c. Sprain d. Contusion

c. Sprain

Which of the following are the alcohol consumption recommendations per the USDA Dietary Guidelines? a. No more than three drinks per day b. No more than three drinks per week c. Up to one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men d. Avoid alcohol

c. Up to one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men

One of the key questions to ask to determine a client's stage of change specific to physical activity is: a. "Have you previously been a regular exerciser?" b. "Do you have a social support structure in place?" c. "Why do you want to be physically active?" d. "Are you doing any physical activity?"

d. "Are you doing any physical activity?"

When demonstrating a push-up for a client, which of the following cues should you use? a. "Make sure you have thoracic kyphosis during the end range." b. "Make sure your fingers are at 15-degree angles." c. "Be sure to keep a hyperlordosis in your lumbar spine." d. "Keep your head in line with your hips during the entire movement."

d. "Keep your head in line with your hips during the entire movement."

A female client is 55 years old and has high-density lipoprotein of 70 mg · dL−1. Based on this profile, how many total risk factors does she have? a. -1 b. 1 c. 2 d. 0

d. 0

A male client is 45 years old and has high-density lipoprotein of 35 mg · dL−1. He spends 30 minutes a day walking to and from work. Based on this profile, how many total risk factors does he have? a. 1 b. 0 c. −1 d. 2

d. 2

Relaxation therapies include hypnosis, meditation, and: a. Biofeedback. b. Psychotherapy. c. Sleep. d. Massage.

d. Massage.