Adaptive Quizzing - Endocrine System

Which clinical findings support the diagnosis of DKA? a. Nervousness and tachycardia b. Erythema tocivum rash and pruritus c. Diaphoresis and altered mental state d. Deep respirations and fruity odor to the breath

D

Which organ has only beta-1 receptors? a. Liver b. Heart c. Bladder d. Pancreas

B

Which manifestations are exhibited with SIADH? a. Increased BUN and hypotension b. Hyperkalemia and poor skin turgor c. Hyponatremia and decreased urine output d. Polyuria and increased specific gravity of urine

C

Which term would the nurse use in a report to describe the absence of menstrual periods in a 35-year-old nonpregnant client? a. Rhinorrhea b. Menopause c. Amenorrhea d. Dyspareunia

C

Which procedure is preferred to find out the composition of a thyroid nodule and ascertain the need for further surgical intervention? a. Mass spectrometry b. Computed tomography scans c. Glycosylated hemoglobin test d. Needle biopsy

D

Which statement is accurate regarding the effects of parathyroid hormone on bones for the maintenance of calcium balance? a. Increases bicarbonate and sodium excretion b. Enhances absorption of calcium and phosphorus c. Increases reabsorption of calcium and magnesium d. Increases net release of calcium into extracellular fluid

D

Which hormone would the nurse identify as inhibiting insulin and glucagon secretion? a. Amylin b. Somatostatin c. Triiodothyronine (T3) d. Pancreatic polypeptide

B

Which gland is affected in ``? a. Kidney cortex b. Thyroid gland c. Pituitary gland d. Adrenal cortex

D

Which hormonal deficiency causes diabetes insipidus in a client? a. Prolactin b. Thyrotropin c. Luteinizing hormone d. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

D

A client with DKA who is receiving intravenous fluids and insulin reports tingling and numbness of the fingers and toes, and shortness of breath. The nurse identifies a U wave on the cardiac monitor. Which electrolyte imbalance is causing these clinical findings? a. Hypokalemia b. Hyponatremia c. Hyperglycemia d. Hypercalcemia

A

A client with diabetes asks the nurse whether the new forearm stick glucose monitor gives the same results as a finger stick. Which is an appropriate response to this question? a. "There is no difference between readings." b. "These types of monitors are meant for children." c. "Readings are on a different scale for each monitor." d. "Faster readings can be obtained from a finger stick."

A

The nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an underproduction of thyroxine (T4). This condition is associated with which diagnosis? a. Myxedema b. Acromegaly c. Graves disease d. Cushing disease

A

The nurse is educating a client about managing hypoglycemia unawareness. Which information would the nurse provide? a. Refrain from alternative testing sites. b. Use any available meter to monitor levels. c. Initiate continuous blood glucose monitoring. d. Calibrate the meter before managing hypoglycemia.

A

The nurse is providing postoperative care for a client 1 hour after an adrenalectomy. Maintenance steroid therapy has not begun yet. The nurse would monitor the client for which complication? a. Hypotension b. Hyperglycemia c. Sodium retention d. Potassium excretion

A

Which hormones are mostly commonly produced in excess with hyperpituitarism? (Select all that apply.) a. Prolactin b. Growth hormone c. Luteinizing hormone d. Antidiuretic hormone e. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

A, B

Which manifestations of surgically induced hypothyroidism might the client exhibit after a thyroidectomy? (Select all that apply) a. Fatigue b. Dry skin c. Insomnia d. Excitability e. Weight loss f. Intolerance to heat

A, B

Which action would the nurse include in the plan of care for a client undergoing a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy? (Select all that apply) a. Assessing for clear nasal drainage b. Maintaining strict intake and output c. Increasing dietary fiber intake d. Elevating the head of the bed 30 degrees e. Instructing on the use of an incentive spirometer

A, B, C, D, E

Identify the primary cause of adrenal insufficiency. (Select all that apply) a. Hemorrhage b. Tuberculosis c. Pituitary tumors d. Postpartum pituitary necrosis e. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

A, B, E

Which hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland? (select all that apply) a. Oxytocin b. Prolactin c. Corticotropin d. Antidiuretic hormone e. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

A, D

The nurse cares for a client with an abnormal cortisol level. The nurse recalls which information about cortisol? a. Cortisol metabolizes free fatty acids. b. Cortisol stimulates gluconeogenesis. c. Cortisol stimulates protein synthesis. d. Cortisol levels decline in stressful conditions.

B

The nurse is caring for a client with hyperthyroidism. Which lab test will be most beneficial in monitoring the effectiveness of drug therapy? a. Free thyroxine (FT4) b. Thyroxine (T4, total c. Free triiodothyronine (FT3) d. Triiodothyronine (T3), total

B

The secretion of which hormone is an example of a positive feedback mechanism? a. Insulin b. Estradiol c. Parathyroid d. Catecholamines

B

Which disorder is caused by the deficiency of antidiuretic hormone? a. Acromegaly b. Diabetes insipidus c. Cushing syndrome d. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone

B

Which complication is the nurse's main priority during the early postoperative period after a subtotal thyroidectomy? a. Hemorrhage b. Thyrotoxic crisis c. Airway obstruction d. Hypocalcemic tetany

C

A client diagnosed with GH deficiency. In addition to increased serum cholesterol levels, the nurse expects which assessment finding? a. Scalp alopecia b. Intolerance to cold c. Pathological fractures d. Increased urine output

C

A nurse educator instructs a new nurse during orientation about the physiological processes of the endocrine system. Which statement made by the new nurse indicates effective learning? a. "The endocrine system comprises glands with narrow ducts." b. "The endocrine system comprises salivary and lacrimal glands." c. "The hormones of the endocrine system exert their action by 'lock and key' mechanisms." d. "The hormones secreted by endocrine system exert their action on all tissues they contact."

C

A client's fasting plasma glucose levels are being evaluated. The nurse identifies that the client is considered to be diabetic if the results are within which range? a. 40-60 mg/dL (2.2-3.3 mmol/L) b. 80-99 mg/dL (4.5-5.5 mmol/L) c. 100-125 mg/dL (5.6-6.9 mmol/L) d. 126-140 mg/dL (7.0-7.8 mmol/L)

D

When teaching a client with diabetes about monitoring for episodes of hypoglycemia, which symptoms would the nurse include in the teaching plan? a. Thirst b. Nausea c. Anorexia d. Sweating

D

Which classic sign will a nurse find in a client with Addison disease? a. Ecchymosis b. Hyperreflexia c. Exophthalmos d. Hyperpigmentation

D

Which clinical manifestation in a client can help confirm the diagnosis of hyperpituitarism by a prolactin-secreting tumor? a. Hypertrophy of skin b. Enlargement of liver c. Hypertrophy of the heart d. Absence of menstruation

D

Which adverse effect can be seen in a female client with gonadotropin deficiency and who is undergoing hormone replacement therapy? a. Thrombosis b. Hypotension c. Dehydration d. Increased thirst

A

Which element excessively accumulates in the blood to precipitate the signs and symptoms associated with diabetic coma? a. Sodium bicarbonate, causing alkalosis b. Ketones as a result of rapid fat breakdown, causing acidosis c. Nitrogen from protein catabolism, causing ammonia intoxication d. Glucose from rapid carbohydrate metabolism, causing drowsiness

B

Which gland is an exocrine gland? a. Thyroid gland b. Salivary gland c. Pituitary gland d. Parathyroid gland

B

When obtaining the history of a client recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, which symptom would the nurse expect to see? a. Edema b. Anorexia c. Weight loss d. Hypoglycemic episodes

C

Which clinical manifestation is observed in a client with adrenal insufficiency? a. Fatigue b. Salt craving c. Weight loss d. Hyponatremia

D

Which action would be appropriate to implement when collecting a 24-hour urine test? a. Start the time of the test after discarding the first voiding. b. Discard the last voiding in the 24-hour period for the test. c.Insert a urinary retention catheter to promote the collection of urine. d. Strain the urine after each voiding before adding the urine to the container.

A

Which arterial blood gas results are associated with diabetic ketoacidosis? a. pH: 7.28; Pco2: 28; HCO3: 18 b. pH: 7.30; Pco2: 54; HCO3: 28 c. pH; 7.50; Pco2: 49; HCO3: 32 d. pH: 7.52; Pco2: 26; HCO3: 20

A

Which carcinoma is the most common type of thyroid cancer and is most often found in younger women? a. Papillary carcinoma b. Follicular carcinoma c. Medullary carcinoma d. Anaplastic carcinoma

A

Which catecholamine receptor is responsible for increased heart rate? a. Beta-1 receptor b. Beta-2 receptor c. Alpha-1 receptor d. Alpha-2 receptor

A

Which clinical manifestation is seen in a male client as a result of deficiency of gonadotropin? a. Decreased fertility b. Increased muscle mass c. Increased bone density d. Decreased urine specific gravity

A

Which gland secretes melatonin? a. Pineal gland b. Thyroid gland c. Adrenal gland d. Parathyroid gland

A

Which hormone has both inhibiting and releasing action? a. Prolactin b. Somatostatin c. Somatotropin d. Gonadotropin

A

Which hormone is released from the posterior pituitary gland? a. Oxytocin b. Prolactin c. Growth hormone d. Luteinizing hormone

A

Which symptom would the nurse expect a client diagnosed with Cushing syndrome to exhibit? a. Lability of mood b. Postural hypotension c. Increased skin thickness d. Ectomorphism with a moon face

A

Which is the etiological factor of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (DI)? a. Meningitis b. Lithium therapy c. Graves disease d. Sulfonamide therapy

B

Which is the etiological factor of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (DI)? a. Meningitis b. Lithium therapy c. Graves disease d. Sulfonamide therapy

B

While obtaining the client's health history, which factor would the nurse identify that predisposes the client for type 2 diabetes? a. Having diabetes insipidus b. Eating low-cholesterol foods c. Being 20 pounds (9kg) overweight d. Drinking a daily alcoholic beverage

C

To ensure a quality specimen and an accurate test result, which instruction would the nurse give a client who is scheduled to undergo urine endocrine testing? a. "Start the urine collection when the bladder is full." b. "Store the urine specimen in a cooler with ice." c. "Store the urine specimen in a home refrigerator." d. "Save the urine specimen that begins the collection."

B

Why is 15g of a simple sugar administered when a client with diabetes experiences hypoglycemia? a. Inhibits glycogenesis b. Stimulates release of insulin c. Increases blood glucose levels d. Provides more storage of glucose

C

Which information about a client's condition would the nurse consider when providing care to a client who just received radioactive iodine for Graves disease? a. Not radioactive and can be handled as any other individual b. Highly radioactive and should be isolated as much as possible c. Mildly radioactive and should be treated with routine safety precautions d. Not radioactive but may still transmit some dangerous radiations and must be treated with precautions

C

Which nursing intervention is appropriate when a client is first admitted with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS)? a. Providing oxygen b. Encouraging carbohydrates c. Administering fluid replacement d. Teaching facts about dietary principles

C

Which parameter monitoring would be the nurse's priority while caring for a patient with hypothyroidism? a. Pulse rate b. Blood pressure c. Respiratory rate d. Body temperature

C